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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Role of ascariasis in surgical abdominal emergencies in the Rangoon Children's Hospital, Burma.

Patients aged 1 month to 12 years admitted with an acute abdominal surgical condition comprising 226 cases with and 206 cases without ascariasis, recorded in the operation theatre registers and in-patients clinical sheets, were studied in relation to morbidity, duration of operation and hospital stay and mortality. Annually, 7.5% of laparotomies were due to complications of ascariasis. Operations for ascariasis accounted for 10.6% of all hospital admissions for an acute abdominal emergency. Also, ascariasis accounted for 26.3% of emergency operations. All operated biliary obstruction cases were due to ascariasis. Moreover, 20.4% of all cases of ascariasis with abdominal complications required operation. The mean ages at operation were higher in Ascaris-induced than in non-Ascaris-induced intestinal obstruction (5.1 vs 3 yr), intussusception (3.5 vs 1.2 yr) and volvulus (4.8 vs 1.7 yr). The durations of operation and hospital stay were longer and case fatality rates higher in Ascaris-induced than in non-Ascaris-induced cases. The importance of this study in relation to the socio-economic benefits of controlling ascariasis is discussed.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1998

Genetic and serologic characterization of HIV type 1 prevailing in Myanmar (Burma).

To study the molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 spread in Myanmar and the interplay with the epidemic in surrounding Southeast Asian countries, we determined the HIV-1 subtypes prevailing in Myanmar. Thirty HIV-positive blood specimens were sampled in the capital city, Yangon, and an additional 459 sera were collected nationwide in 1995. Genetic subtyping based on the env C2/V3 sequence and serologic data, using a V3 peptide enzyme immunoassay (PEIA), revealed three patterns of HIV spread in different geographic regions in Myanmar: (1) in the capital city, Yangon, HIV-1 subtype B' ("Thai-B" cluster within subtype B) predominated both in IDUs and heterosexuals; (2) in the cities near the border with Thailand, including Tachelaik and Kawthaung, where heterosexual transmission is a major pathway of HIV-1 spread, HIV-1 subtype E was predominantly distributed among the commercial sex workers and heterosexuals; (3) in central and northeast Myanmar, both HIV-1 subtypes B' and E occurred in a mixed distribution, without showing any significant segregation by risk group. In addition, the PEIA data implied the occurrence of other subtype(s) in these areas. The interperson nucleotide sequence variations in env C2/V3 regions of B' and E, prevailing in Yangon, were 6.7 +/- 2.1 and 7.1 +/- 0.7%, respectively. They were similar to those levels observed in Thailand. These findings are consistent with the view that HIV spread in Myanmar might have taken place at about the same time as that in Thailand, and that multiple entries and exchanges of HIV-1 with neighboring countries are important factors contributing to the current distribution of subtypes in Myanmar.

Amino Acid Sequence↗