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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparative study: TTS Vs wave V after exposure to noise.

The pattern of recovery from noise exposure was monitored, with regards to the behaviour and electrophysiology in 25 normal-hearing subjects, at 4 KHz frequency for 30 min. Fatiguing stimulus was an octave band noise with centre frequency of 3 KHz. Subject's behaviour following to the auditory fatigue was studied by temporary threshold shift (TTS) paradigm. In the electrophysiological study, the auditory fatigue was measured as a shift of the wave V latency in the auditory brainstem responses (ABR) after noise exposure. This shift was measured at 40 dB nHL stimulus intensity ("Logon" with centre frequency at 4 KHz). The ABR recordings started immediately after cessation of noise exposure and threshold measurements 2 min later. The recovery of latency shift began immediately after the exposure and ended faster than the auditory threshold. From a practical point of view it means that in order to measure maximal values of latency shift, the ABR recordings should be performed immediately after cessation of noise exposure.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Follow-up of auditory-evoked potentials and temporary threshold shift in subjects developing noise-induced permanent hearing loss.

The effects of auditory fatigue, using a temporary threshold shift (TTS) paradigm, on cochlear microphonics (CM) and on auditory brainstem-evoked potentials (ABEP), were studied in normal-hearing subjects during the development of permanent threshold shift (PTS). Behavioral threshold shifts were accompanied by different effects on CM and on ABEP, as PTS was gradually induced by occupational noise. Measures of the effect of increasing stimulus rate (ISR) on ABEP revealed decreased latency shifts during auditory fatigue. ABEP proved useful in early detection of changes in the auditory system, resulting from exposure to noise. In addition, this study further supports the suggestion that TTS acts as a peripheral attenuator of the effect of ISR on the central auditory pathway.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Preliminary studies of auditory fusion frequency in noise effects].

Auditory fusion frequency (AFF) of impulse sound and paired pitch in 80 workers exposed to noise and 60 non-exposed ones were measured to study the relationship between AFF and auditory fatigue. AFF test software was made by the authors themselves, and a stimulating sound signal was evoked in a personal computer. Relationship between AFF in non-exposed workers and their ages was explored, and AFF in exposed ones before and after their exposure was compared. Results showed that no relationship between AFF and their sex and ears in non-exposed group was found. There was a significant difference in AFF between groups of 50-59-year and less than or equal to 49-year. Stimulating sound was more sensitive in its carrier wave or center frequency of 1,000 Hz, and paired pitch has higher value in screening for subjects with auditory threshold shift at about 1/40 octave band. There was significant consistency in transient auditory threshold shift, an important indicator of AFF and auditory fatigue. Measurement of AFF is more stable, repeatable and less deviated, and needs only simple acoustic conditions. Hence, it is a practical superthreshold audiometry.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The automatic tone decay test as part of dynamic measurement of threshold.

Only dynamic recording of the tone threshold can give information on pathologic adaptation, auditory fatigue, and aggravation. We have therefore automated the tone decay test. This was achieved by modifying the Grason-Stadler audiometer E 800 and, concurrently, by developing a special device with integrated circuits for this purpose. The print-out is made by a commerical x-y-recorder which is also used for recording the impedance test results. During the automatic tone decay test the patient himself increases the intensity of the tone only until he can hear the tone again, the intensity of the tone otherwise remaining constant. Thus, we obtain either a flat (adaptation) or a sharply declining (auditory fatigue) curve which correlates with the Békésy continuous tone curve, but may show a distinctive separation. The tone decay test is - in contrast to all other suprathreshold tests - independent of the amount of hearing loss. It can therefore give information on the kind of hearing impairment for normal short duration thresholds as well.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1993

Some effects of tonal fatiguing on spontaneous and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions.

Auditory fatiguing can be considered a suitable test to assess some cochlear mechanisms and diseases otherwise not easily detectable. Since spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs) originate from active sources within the cochlea they show sensitive and early vulnerability to noise, displaying informative time-courses after overstimulation in the short (0-6 s) and in the long term (1-10 min) depending on the frequency of the fatiguing stimulus. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions too, in subjects with SOAEs, show interesting modifications after pure-tone exposure, detectable either on distortion product audiograms or in the growth functions. The modifications take place within a period of 5-7 minutes and strongly depend on the frequency of the fatiguing stimulus and on the closeness between SOAE and distortion product place. The data suggest that not only the interaction place between f1 and f2 has to be considered from a biomechanical and clinical point of view, but also the specific distortion product place on the cochlear partition.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed2000

A study on the effects of discotheque noise on the hearing of young patrons.

This study aims to find out whether discotheque music affects hearing by exposing 48 young volunteers to discotheque music in discotheque sessions at two discotheques and evaluating their degree of auditory fatigue after exposure. Questionnaire interviews revealed that the majority of them visit discotheques regularly. A higher proportion of those attending the louder discotheque found the music too loud. The prevalence of tinnitus is also higher in those attending the noisier discotheque. The degree of threshold shifts, however, does not appear to be related to the volume of music or auditory fatigue. The noise level exposure was estimated to be 91 dBA to 98 dBA for weekly exposure and 85 dBA to 92 dBA for monthly exposure. To avoid hearing loss, patrons should avoid loud discotheques, or cut down their frequency of visits if they choose to continue patronising them.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The effect of oxygen inhalation on temporary threshold shift in humans.

To examine the effects of an increased oxygen supply on the establishment of noise-induced TTS in humans, 20 Ss were exposed for 10 min to a narrow band of noise centered at 3 kc/s at 100 db SPL, while inhaling either a 60% or a 90% oxygen-air mixture. In a control condition, these Ss inhaled air only while being subjected to the same noise. In the 10 Ss who had inhaled the 90% mixture, TTS was less than when they had inhaled air (delta TTS - 2.06 db, p less than 0.25). Delta TTS (0.07 db) for the 10 Ss who inhaled the 60% mixture was not significant. A further 5 Ss inhaled the 90% mixture for 10 min with no noise exposure; there was no effect on the hearing threshold levels. It was concluded that inhalation of at least 90% oxygen-air for 10 min does not affect HTLs but does reduce TTS. A re-examination was suggested of the possibility that there is a relationship between auditory fatigue and supply of oxygen to cochlear structures.

Auditory Fatigue↗
PubMed1997

Informativeness of the threshold adaptation and fatigue for assessment of the auditory health risk.

The management and control of modern automated productions evidence the elevated role of the auditory system as one of the distant sensor communication systems. The present study informs about the auditory adaptation and fatigue at the end of the working shift of 385 operators at control boards in "Kremikovtzi" State Company. The results of the monitoring of the dynamic changes show significant changes, expressed in aggravation of the auditory fatigue manifestation by moderate to significant disturbance of the adaptation-recovery processes. The analysis established a significant positive correlation between the changes in auditory fatigue and the duration of service. The frequencies of the speech range are preserved for a long time. The elevated auditory fatigue is observed in the injured hearing band 4,000 Hz, followed by 6,000 Hz and continuous dissemination to the middle frequencies of the speech band-2,000 and 1,000 Hz. The results of the study of the adaptation-recovery processes are characterised by statistically significant reliability, single direction and reproducibility and can be applied as informative criteria for assessment of the auditory health risk.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dependence of the temporary threshold shift on the immediately preceding exposure to noise.

Temporary threshold shift (TTS) measured immediately after exposure to noise here called TTSi, is surely more difficult to determine in audiological testing, than the usual TTS2, but in its dependence on the preceding exposure, it is useful in defining criteria for auditory fatigue, for damage and for normal adaptation to noise exposure of short durations. A few results selected from a study using improved methods of measuring TTSi confirm the point of view of others in defining regions and limits of normal hearing and auditory fatigue.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recovery of susceptibility to audiogenic seizure in mice.

The applicability of the auditory fatigue and anoxia hypotheses for the refractory period observed after sound-induced seizure was examined in SJL/J mice. Duration of auditory stimulation was varied independent of attainment of clonic seizure activity by use of an acoustic interruption technique. Duration of the recovery period affected the pattern of preconvulsive running. Furthermore, the motor asymmetries exhibited during clonus remained consistent across tests. Because duration of acoustic stimulation and attainment of clonus did not affect recovery rate, we conclude that neither the auditory fatigue nor the anoxia hypothesis provides a complete account for the refractory period after audiogenic seizure. We suggest that an inhibitory process, activated before clonus occurs and perhaps linked to depletion of excitatory amino acids in the inferior colliculus, may also be involved.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1991

Recovery time of the temporary threshold shift for delayed evoked otoacoustic emissions and tone bursts.

The recovery time of temporary threshold shift after 1-kHz tone bursts delayed evoked otoacoustic emissions (DEOE) after the same stimulus were studied after auditory fatigue (AF) with a pure tone (0.75 kHz, 10 min, 95 dB HL) in 20 normal-hearing subjects aged 19-23 years. Close similarities were observed in the two experimental conditions. Since DEOE are transmitted to the outer ear via structures independent of the fibers of the afferent acoustic pathway and their synapses, it may be supposed that changes in the motile activity of the outer hair cells caused by AF could be partly responsible for their production and could constitute an active intracochlear mechanism taking part in this phenomenon. It may also be supposed that the effects of this active mechanism could be superimposed on those produced by a passive intracochlear mechanism consisting of the traveling wave induced in the basilar membrane by the perilymph owing to the movements of the stapes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Upward shifts in the masking pattern with increasing masker intensity.

Masking patterns obtained with forward-masking paradigms and relatively intense maskers sometimes have their peaks at the masker frequency and sometimes at a frequency well above it. Here it is shown that which outcome is obtained depends upon certain temporal parameters of the procedure. Specifically, the masking pattern for a 2000-Hz tone showed a gradual shift toward higher frequencies as masker intensity was increased from 65 to 95 dB SPL when long signals (about 50 ms) and long masker-to-signal intervals (about 50 ms) were used, but the effect was absent or smaller when the signals and intervals were short. This shift did not occur with a 750-Hz masker. Upward shifts in the masking pattern with increasing masker intensity are in accord with the view that the peak of displacement of the traveling-wave envelope migrates basally with increasing intensity--an idea that has frequently been suggested as an explanation of the so-called half-octave shift so routinely seen in auditory fatigue experiments.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Separate and combined effects of a benzodiazepine (alprazolam) and noise on auditory brainstem responses in man.

Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were recorded in 60 male or female, anxious or anxiety-free university students, before and after separated or simultaneous intake of alprazolam and exposure to noise. A significant increase of the latencies of the ABRs was found when subjects took alprazolam. This effect is consistent with the presence of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), one of the neurotransmitters at terminals of cochlear efferent fibres A significant increase of the latencies was observed after noise alone. In subjects taking alprazolam when they are exposed to noise, the effect of noise on the ABR latencies is reduced, but not abolished. The effects of alprazolam on the ABR are consistent with the presence of GABA in the medulla and pons. Significant effects of noise upon III-V and I-V intervals suggest that auditory 'fatigue' may involve a retrocochlear component. Differences due to sex appear to be abolished by anxiety.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Speech recognition in noise before and after a work-day's noise exposure.

A common complaint after a work-shift in high noise levels is fatigue, in the sense that listening to other people's spoken messages requires more effort than when well rested. The purpose of this study was to examine if this could be verified as reduced speech recognition in noise due to auditory fatigue. Speech recognition in noise, using low-redundancy sentence material, as well as pure-tone hearing thresholds were tested on 13 subjects at the beginning and end of a 7-8 hours work-shift with equivalent noise levels in the range 78-90 dBA as measured by personal noise dose meters. Seven of the test subjects wore hearing protectors during work while six did not. No significant shift in mean values from the beginning of the work-shift to its end could be found, neither in speech recognition in noise nor in hearing thresholds for pure tones and neither for those wearing hearing protectors nor for those without.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Functional audiometry in women during the preovulatory and menstrual phases].

Hearing performance at 4000 and 6000 Hz was observed in height young female subjects before and after they were submitted to an acoustical stress (105 dBA continuous pink-noise for twenty min) during the pre-ovulatory phase and the menstrual phase respectively. Complementary observations were made in height young female subjects under oral contraceptives in the same conditions and at correspondent phases. In each group, parametric analysis of results does not allow to reject the null hypothesis according which the two phases would not differ for auditory performance, when observed for resting thresholds, temporary threshold shifts and recovery processes of auditory fatigue.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes induced by auditive monoaural and binaural fatigue in TTS and the auditory brainstem response latency].

The purpose of the research was to study the TTS values and latency of fifth wave Auditory Brainstem Response in human monaural and binaural fatigue, using auditory evoked potentials. From the results obtained in 12 volunteers, it is concluded that during exposure to auditory fatigue, if only one ear is protected, the unprotected ear is subject to a greater hearing loss than would be expected with both ears unprotected. The practical implication of these conclusions is that subjects with unilateral hearing loss occupationally exposed to noise run a greater risk for the healthy ear than subjects with normal hearing.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effect of masker level on overshoot.

Overshoot refers to the phenomenon where signal detectability improves for a short-duration signal as the onset of that signal is delayed relative to the onset of a longer duration masker. A popular explanation for overshoot is that it reflects short-term adaptation in auditory-nerve fibers. In this study, overshoot was measured for a 10-ms, 4-kHz signal masked by a broadband noise. In the first experiment, masker duration was 400 ms and signal onset delay was 1 or 195 ms; masker spectrum level ranged from - 10-50 dB SPL. Overshoot was negligible at the lowest masker levels, grew to about 10-15 dB at the moderate masker levels, but declined and approached 0 dB at the highest masker levels. In the second experiment, the masker duration was reduced to 100 ms, and the signal was presented with a delay of 1 or 70 ms; masker spectrum level was 10, 30, or 50 dB SPL. Overshoot was about 10 dB for the two lower masker levels, but about 0 dB at the highest masker level. The results from the second experiment suggest that the decline in overshoot at high masker levels is probably not due to auditory fatigue. It is suggested, instead, that the decline may be attributable to the neural response at high levels being dominated by those auditory-nerve fibers that do not exhibit short-term adaptation (i.e., those with low spontaneous rates and high thresholds).

Adult↗