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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Food allergy. II. Prevalence of organ manifestations of allergy-inducing food. A study on the basis of 173 cases, 1978-1982].

From 1978 to 1982 173 cases of food allergy were diagnosed at the Allergy Unit of the Dermatological Clinic, University of Zürich. Of these predominantly adult patients, 118 (68%) were female and 55 (32%) male. 65% of the food-allergic patients also showed one or more atopic manifestations, and 26% pollinosis. Localization of symptoms of food allergy was most often the skin (43%), followed by the respiratory tract (23%), the gastrointestinal tract (21%) and the cardiovascular system (12.5%). Only 11% had exclusively intestinal allergic reactions. The most frequent food allergens were found to be vegetables. Celery headed the list with 40.5%, followed by carrots (20%) and green beans (6%). Other commonly occurring food allergens were eggs (21%), milk and dairy products (20%) and fish (12%). Sensitivity was found to groups of raw vegetables, and also cross-reactivity to other nutritional and inhalative allergens. In view of this finding the term "celery-carrot-mugwort-spice-syndrome" was coined. Regarding diagnostic procedure, a precise history remains essential. Once again, scratch techniques performed with fresh raw food proved to be markedly more dependable than skin tests performed with commercial food extracts. The use of a RAST was especially helpful in diagnosing milk-cheese-casein allergies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The relationship of allergies and allergy treatment to school performance and student behavior.

The purposes of this project were to study the relationship of allergies and allergy treatment to school behavior. Parents of allergic and nonallergic children (grades K-12 and from different socioeconomic status) completed a survey form. The 400 parent respondents reported no significant difference between allergic and nonallergic children in terms of academic and language performance, retention, diagnosis as handicapped, or behavior problems; allergic children were absent from school more. Eustachian tube dysfunctions were significantly related to academic and behavior problems. Certain medications were related to overactive types of behavior. Parents who considered their children's behavior as inappropriate tended to contribute a portion of it to side effects of medication. 65% of the parents reported positive results from treatment on behavior at home; they tended to be unsure of the impact on school behavior. Direct relationship of allergy and allergy treatment on academic performance is questionable, except for the impact of upper respiratory problems on listening and attention. Use of certain medications with already behavior disordered children requires caution. Better communication among physicians, teachers and parents is advised.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1997

Evaluation of the MAST CLA allergy system for diagnosis of allergies to house dust mites and cats.

The MAST CLA system was evaluated against skin prick test (SPT) for diagnosis of allergies to house dust mites (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae) and cats. Forty three asthmatic children were examined by SPT and MAST CLA. Chi-square analysis indicated significant association between SPT and MAST CLA results for the house dust mites but not for cats. The sensitivities of MAST CLA for house dust mites and cats were 100 and 25% respectively; specificities were all less than 50%. The efficiency of MAST CLA for detection of allergy to the house dust mites was 88% and 44% for cats. A significant linear correlation was found between SPT wheal size and MAST CLA grade for D. farinae but not for D. pteronyssinus and cats. It is concluded that the MAST CLA allergy system can be used to supplement SPT for diagnosis of allergies to house dust mites but not to cats.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Concerns about intranasal corticosteroids for over-the-counter use: position statement of the Joint Task Force for the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology and the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology.

The Joint Task Force for the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology and the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology was charged with formulating a position paper regarding the potential release of intranasal corticosteroids for over-the-counter use. We took the position that safety issues regarding this proposal would be our sole concern. We reviewed the literature to evaluate the frequency and severity of potential adverse events related to the administration of intranasal corticosteroids. We limited this review to 5 areas: (1) effects on growth, (2) ocular effects, (3) effects on bone, (4) effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and (5) local adverse effects. After review of the available data, we concluded that intranasal corticosteroids should remain prescription-only drugs. Patients receiving an intranasal corticosteroid should be instructed in its use and that use should be monitored by a physician or an appropriately trained medical provider (eg, nurse practitioner or physician assistant) under the direct supervision of a physician. This conclusion was reached based on the evidence that corticosteroids administered by any route, including the intranasal route, have the potential to cause adverse effects in all the areas noted herein. Our conclusion was strengthened by the fact that these adverse effects can be insidious and therefore not evident for many years; there is the potential for overuse; patients could also have access to other forms of topically administered corticosteroids, thus increasing their total dose; and individuals vary in their susceptibility to corticosteroid-induced adverse effects. We were also influenced to take this position knowing that generally reassuring data regarding the use of respiratory tract-administered corticosteroids are based on mean data and that all such studies have shown outliers in whom adverse effects were evident. Thus, as stated, we recommend that intranasal corticosteroids remain prescription-only drugs.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1988

Allergy in asthma. I. The dose relationship of allergy to severity of childhood asthma.

The relationship between allergy and childhood asthma was investigated. We hypothesized that if allergy were a factor in aggravating asthma, we should find that allergy (defined by symptoms and numbers of positive prick skin tests) increased with increasing severity of asthma. One hundred forty-two children with asthma, referred to a pulmonologist and an allergist, 123 of whom were skin tested, were graded according to clinical severity and compared to a group of 29 normal individuals, 48 patients with allergic rhinitis, and 52 patients with cystic fibrosis. The 29 symptom-free individuals had only one positive skin test among them, whereas 65% of the clinic patients with asthma had three or more positive skin tests (p less than 0.001). This compared with 35.4% of the patients with rhinitis (p less than 0.001) and 14% of the patients with cystic fibrosis (p less than 0.001). There was an increase in the number and size of positive skin tests with increasing severity of asthma. Similarly, there was increased reporting of allergic symptoms, such as sensitivity to animals with increasing severity of asthma. These data indicate that atopy is associated with asthma in a crude dose-response fashion, and children with chronic, steroid-dependent asthma are often highly atopic, easily sensitized, and form IgE antibodies to a broad range of allergens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Beef, pork, and milk allergy (cross reactivity with each other and pet allergies).

OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to examine milk allergic patients to determine concomitant reactivity between milk, beef, pork and cat and dog dander and other common inhalant allergens. METHODS: 19 patients were selected according to their Immuno-CAP results, which had increased Ig-E levels against milk, pork or beef. Patients were also tested against Johnson grass, short ragweed, cat/dog dander and d. farina. RESULTS: Pearson's test revealed strong correlation between beef and pork, beef and milk, pork and milk Ig-E counts (consecutively r2 = 0.89, r2 = 0.81, r2 = 0.60 and p < 0.01. All cat allergic patients also appeared to be allergic to either beef/pork meat or milk. The correlation between pork and dog dander Ig-E counts was also significant (r2 = 0.38, p < 0.01). No correlation detected between milk-meat-pet and grass-weed-dust allergies. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Patients who are known to have pet allergies may need to be screened for meat and milk allergy. Milk allergic patients may also need to avoid cows and pork meat.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Antacid medication inhibits digestion of dietary proteins and causes food allergy: a fish allergy model in BALB/c mice.

BACKGROUND: Digestible proteins were supposed to be irrelevant for oral sensitization and induction of food allergy. Approximately 10% of the adult population uses antacids for the treatment of dyspeptic disorders, drugs that hinder peptic digestion. In these patients, proteins that are normally degradable might act as food allergens. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to study the influence of antacid intake on the allergenicity of dietary proteins, taking sturgeon caviar and parvalbumin, the major fish allergen, as examples. METHODS: Caviar proteins and recombinant parvalbumin from carp, rCyp c 1, were applied for intragastric feedings with or without the antacids sucralfate, ranitidine or omeprazole, using a Balb/c mouse model. RESULTS: Both caviar proteins and parvalbumin were rapidly degraded in an in vitro digestion assay at pH 2.0, but not at pH 5.0, imitating the effect of antacids. The groups fed with caviar in combination with ranitidine hydrochloride intramuscularly or sucralfate orally had significant levels of caviar-specific IgE antibodies (P <.01), T-cell reactivity, and elevated counts of gastrointestinal eosinophils and mast cells. Food allergy in these groups was further evidenced by oral provocation tests and positive immediate-type skin reactivity. In contrast, feedings with caviar alone led to antigen-specific T-cell tolerance. None of the groups showed immune reactivity against the daily mouse diet. As a proof of the principle, feeding mice with parvalbumin in combination with ranitidine or omeprazole intramuscularly induced allergen-specific IgE antibodies (P <.05). CONCLUSIONS: When antacid medication impairs the gastric digestion, IgE synthesis toward novel dietary proteins is promoted, leading to food allergy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Does dietary elimination in infancy prevent or only postpone a food allergy? A study of fish and citrus allergy in 375 children.

In a study of fish and citrus allergy these foods were strictly avoided in 177 children up to 1 year of age, whereas 152 children had started taking fish before age 6 months and 145 children had started taking citrus fruits beofre 3 months. Both fish and citrus allergy, defined by a positive challenge, were found at age 3 years in a similar frequency (about 3%) in children with and without the first-year elimination. The results suggest that food allergy in childhood can be postponed but not prevented by dietary elimination in infancy.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2002

Type I allergy to natural rubber latex and type IV allergy to rubber chemicals in health care workers with glove-related skin symptoms.

BACKGROUND: It has been established that there are type I and type IV allergens in latex gloves. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to establish the prevalence of rubber glove-induced skin symptoms among health care workers in one Italian hospital. METHODS: Health care workers (n = 1584) were evaluated using a written questionnaire and 295 respondents with glove-induced skin symptoms were tested. We performed: skin prick test with latex glove extract and commercial latex, and environmental and food allergens; glove use test; patch tests with a rubber additive series; and RASTs. RESULTS: Hospital employees who used or had used latex gloves at work were 1294. Three hundred and sixteen (24.4%) reported glove-induced symptoms, namely, cutaneous symptoms in all the cases and non-cutaneous symptoms in 105 subjects (8.1%). Twenty-seven of the 295 symptomatic employees tested (9.1%) were latex sensitive. Thirty-one patients (10.5%) exhibited positive patch test to rubber-related allergens. The most positive readings were obtained from the Thiuram mix and the Carba mix, with 12 and 9 positivities, respectively. The risk factors for latex skin sensitization were: a previous history of atopy and asthma; history of surgery; pre-existing hand dermatitis; work-related symptoms; and positive skin tests to common inhalant and certain foods (P < 0.05). Subjects who exhibited positive patch test were significantly more likely to have a prior hand dermatitis (P < 0.001). Of the 295 cases, 275 (93.2%) were contact dermatitis (CD), 13 (4.4%) contact urticaria (CU) (including protein CD) and 7 (2.4%) CD associated with CU. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show a high prevalence of rubber glove-induced dermatoses among the employees in one Italian hospital. The majority of skin complaints of latex gloves are related to skin irritation rather than to allergy. The immediate allergy to latex and the delayed allergy to rubber chemicals suggest that all the health care workers with glove-related dermatitis should undergo both skin prick test and glove use test to detect type I hypersensitivity to latex, and patch test to detect type IV hypersensitivity to rubber chemicals.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Contact allergy to a reaction product in Hirudoid cream: an example of compound allergy.

We have investigated patients with a contact allergy to Hirudoid cream. The hypersensitivity reactions appeared to be due to an allergy to the cream base, but the separate ingredients did not give rise to positive patch test reactions. The hypersensitivity proved to be due to an allergy to a reaction product, and the simultaneous presence of the preservatives 1,3,5-trihydroxyethylhexahydrotriazine and thymol was found to be necessary for the occurrence of a positive patch test reaction. A new allergen was found to be formed by the reaction between thymol and the degradation products of the triazine derivative. This allergen was identified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy as 3-(hydroxyethyl)-5-methyl-8-(2-methylethyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzoxazi ne.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

A clinical and immunological study of allergy to hen's egg white. I. A clinical study of egg allergy.

Various clinical features of eighty-four atopic patients, with clinical hypersensitivity to egg and positive RAST to egg white, were studied. Some of the clinical data were compared with data from a control group of atopic patients without egg allergy. Atopic diseases and certain food allergies in the families of the egg-allergic patients and atopic controls were also studied. This was done in order to investigate the extent to which differences between the egg allergy group and the atopic control group were reflected in their respective families.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Diagnosis and immunotherapy of mould allergy. I. Screening for mould allergy.

In order to screen for mould allergy, extracts of five common atmospheric moulds (Cladosporium, Alternaria, Penicillium, Aspergillus and Mucor) from various manufacturers were investigated in 130 patients (5-60 years old) with clinical symptoms indicating possible mould allergy. The patients were screened by skin prick test (SPT) and radioallergosorbent test (RAST). SPT seemed to be more sensitive than RAST as a diagnostic screening procedure (80% positive reactions to one or more species compared to 50%). With a partially purified, standardized preparation of Cladosporium herbarum more positive reactions were obtained than with crude extracts without evidence of any unspecific reactions. The difference between commercial and standardized extracts is most probably a result of a variation of both the biological potency of allergenic determinants and the allergenic composition. A considerable number of negative RAST reactions with standard discs were found in patients with positive skin reactions to partially purified Cladosporium, but RAST seemed to be more sensitive than SPT with the other commercial mould extracts. Based on the screening, a very convincing tendency to IgE-reactivity to other moulds was found in patients reacting to Cladosporium, the most common cause of mould allergy. The results confirm the inadequacy of most mould extracts used in diagnostic procedures and strengthen the value of using standardized extracts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

High frequency of contact allergy to gold sodium thiosulfate. An indication of gold allergy?

When gold sodium thiosulfate was added to the patch test standard series, positive reactions were obtained in 8.6% of 823 consecutive patients with suspect contact allergy. The test reactions were clinically of an allergic type and, in several cases, long-lasting. There was no correlation with other allergens in the standard series. In a special study on 38 patients with contact allergy to gold sodium thiosulfate, the following principal findings were obtained: positive patch tests to the compound itself in dilute concentration; positive patch tests to potassium dicyanoaurate; negative patch tests to gold sodium thiomalate, sodium thiosulfate, and metallic gold; positive intradermal tests to gold sodium thiosulfate. Our findings make gold sodium thiosulfate the 2nd most common contact allergen after nickel sulfate. It is suggested that a positive skin test to gold sodium thiosulfate represents gold allergy.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Evaluating the response of patients undergoing both allergy skin testing and in vitro allergy testing with the ImmunoCAP Technology System.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the response of patients who underwent both skin and in vitro allergy testing, both of which are accepted methods. DATA SOURCES: Retrospective review of the case notes of 100 patients evaluated by both testing methods for allergic disease. CONCLUSIONS: A total of 62 patients (62%) tested positive to at least one of the tested allergens via the in vitro method. A total of 65 patients (65%) tested positive to at least one allergen via the skin-testing method. The most frequently elicited allergic response from the in vitro method was to white oak. Indoor mold and dust most frequently elicited response via skin testing. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Both in vitro and in vivo allergy testing have limitations. Practitioners should be aware of these when establishing a treatment plan based on the results of differing allergy testing methods. Due to differing responses to skin and in vitro testing methods, it may be prudent to perform both tests to obtain a definitive diagnosis for the allergic patient.

Allergens↗
PubMed1999

[Level of histamine in supernatants from the basophil activation test: applications to hymenoptera allergy and drug allergy--preliminary study].

Histamine Release technic consists in calculating histamine liberated by blood cells in touch with an allergen. To this day, this method is only used in Hymenoptera venom allergy diagnosis. The principle of this study is to measure histamine released by activated basophils in surnageons of Basophil Activation Test (BAT) for different allergens: Hymenoptera venoms: Bee, White Faced Hornet, Vespula Wasp. Drugs: Cefaperos, Clamoxyl, Alfatil, Rapifen, Diprivan, Nesdonal, Mivacron. A threshold of positivity (amplification factor in comparison with the control) is determined for these two classes of allergens: 45 for Hymenoptera venoms and 9 for drugs. These results, compared to the other diagnosis technics (Histamine Release, Basophil Activation Test, Prick Tests) discloses very high correlation rates in each case. This method seems to be a reliable method for Hymenoptera venom allergy diagnosis and for drugs allergy diagnosis too. However, this study is based on a few number of patients, so a significant statistic conclusion can't be expressed but it opens an interesting way of research.

Basophil Degranulation Test↗
PubMed2004

[A case of latex allergy suspected drug allergy].

A 30-year-old female with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) underwent catheter ablation. About 30 minutes later, urticaria and dyspnea occurred suddenly. Blood pressure decreased to 62/41 mmHg, and she fell into the state of anaphylactic shock. She recovered within one hour following treatment. We initially suspected the onset of anaphylaxis was caused by either the local anesthetic or the intravenous antibiotic administered. Following thorough investigation (skin tests and challenge tests), we concluded that the anaphylaxis was not drug induced. Subsequently, we suspected latex allergy. Skin prick test showed a positive reaction to rubber gloves. The specific test for IgE antibody against latex was positive at 10.8 UA/ml. From these results, anaphylactic shock caused by latex (probably medical gloves) was diagnosed. Doctors should take preventive measures against latex allergy not only in operating rooms but also during minor treatments. It is possible that latex allergy is responsible for some cases of anaphylaxis of unknown origin.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Development of food allergies with special reference to cow's milk allergy.

Using strict criteria, the incidence of cow's milk sensitivity is probably 1% to 2% during the first 2 years of life. Although there is a wide spectrum of sensitivity symptoms caused by cow's milk, two major groups of infants are discernible. One group consists of infants who react to small amounts of cow's milk within a few minutes up to one hour, usually with gastrointestinal symptoms or urticaria. These infants are often atopic and have positive findings on skin prick tests and radioallergosorbent test (RAST) reactions to cow's milk allergens. The other group consists of children whose reaction to cow's milk occurs one hour or longer after intake of cow's milk or cow's milk-based formula. These reactions are usually not immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated and different immune and nonimmune mechanisms probably cause the symptoms. The risk of developing cow's milk sensitivity seems to be influenced by the atopic constitution of the infant and the age at which cow's milk is introduced. Early exposure to cow's milk increases the risk, not only of adverse reactions to this milk but also of developing allergies to other foods. It is suggested that early introduction of cow's milk may enhance the risk of future respiratory allergies. Allergists are still not in agreement as to whether the weaning process should be rapid or should consist of a gradual change from breast milk to cow's milk in order to minimize the risk of cow's milk allergy.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1970

Influence of isoniazid on naturally acquired tuberculin allergy and on induction of allergy by BCG vaccination.

Previous studies on the influence of isoniazid on the size of the tuberculin reaction have given conflicting results. A controlled study in an area with high prevalence of low-grade allergy has been carried out by the administration of isoniazid or placebo tablets. For those not vaccinated with BCG, isoniazid in a single daily dose of 5 mg/kg body-weight tended to reduce somewhat the size of the tuberculin reaction among those with reactions of 12 mm or more at the initial tuberculin test.In people who were vaccinated with BCG, isoniazid given simultaneously resulted in significantly less increase in the size of post-vaccination tuberculin reactions as compared with controls; the difference was still significant, in tests conducted 4(1/2) months after the discontinuation of isoniazid. However, in spite of isoniazid, the post-vaccination allergy induced by BCG was quite considerable. This considerable increase in post-vaccination allergy suggests that the vaccination was successful in spite of the administration of isoniazid and makes it clear that primary chemoprophylaxis could be combined with BCG vaccination.Administration of isoniazid for 2 months is estimated to have killed about 90% of the bacilli in the BCG vaccine injected intracutaneously.

Adolescent↗