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PubMed1989

[P-matrix spectrophotometric determination of 6 components contained in compound reserpine tablets].

P-matrix method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of vitamin B1, vitamin B6, chlordiazepoxide, dihydralazins sulfate, promethazine hydrochloride and hydrochlorothiazide contained in compound reserpine tablets consisting of 10 components. The optimal wave-length for measurement was successfully selected based on the principle of condition number. The influence of experimental error, number of wavelength and condition number deviation of component concentration from formula were discussed. The average recoveries varied from 97-103% with CV less than or equal to 9.5% (n = 11).

Drug Combinations↗
PubMed1989

[Spectrophotometric analysis of the multicomponent system: dihydralazine sulfate, hydrochlorothiazide and reserpine].

With respect to their performance a computer aided spectrometric analysis of multicomponent system dihydralazine sulfate hydrochlorothiazide and reserpine was made under various conditions. To find out the advantageous measuring points the difference spectra were determined. The influence of the number of measuring points, the single and mixture calibration and the dimensiation of calibration matrix to accuracy and precision was investigated and the limits of the determination for the three component system are discussed.

Dihydralazine↗
PubMed1987

Differential recovery rates of rat D2 dopamine receptors as a function of aging and chronic reserpine treatment following irreversible modification: a key to receptor regulatory mechanisms.

The density of D2 dopamine receptors identified by 3H-spiperone binding was significantly lower in the striatum of senescent (28-month-old) than in mature (4-month-old) Fischer 344 rats. The time course of recovery of 3H-spiperone binding to D2 dopamine receptors following irreversible receptor modification by a single injection of N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ) was significantly slower in senescent than in mature rats. The kinetics of D2 dopamine receptor repopulation could be adequately described by a model assuming a constant rate of receptor production and a rate of degradation that was dependent on receptor concentration. Both the production rate and degradation rate constant of D2 dopamine receptors were lower in the senescent rats compared to mature rats. The changes in receptor density that occur as a function of development and aging are the result of changes in both the receptor production rate and receptor degradation rate constant, which, while both are reduced, tend to maintain receptor density. That is, receptor density decreased by 26% from 4 to 28 months of age, although the receptor production rate and degradation rate constant decreased by 40-50%. Chronic treatment of rats with reserpine produced a 21% increase in the density of striatal D2 dopamine receptors of mature, but not senescent, rats, accompanied by an increase in the initial recovery rate of 3H-spiperone binding sites following EEDQ treatment. It might have been expected that the reduced formation of agonist-bound receptors would have lead to a decrease in the receptor degradation rate constant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aging↗
PubMed1987

Effects of kainic acid on hypothermia induced by reserpine, oxotremorine and apomorphine in mice.

Antagonists of the norepinephrine reuptake and beta-adrenoreceptor agonists are potent, at once, on the three following tests: antagonism of hypothermia induced by reserpine, oxotremorine and apomorphine. 2-Carboxy-4-isopropenyl-3-pyrrolidine-acetic acid (kainic acid), which is a powerful stimulant of the neurons and a destroyer of the dopaminergic neurons, has been used in these tests to show if it is possible to antagonize hypothermia induced by different substances. The results obtained show that kainic acid is potent on these three tests, thus providing evidence that it is a stimulant of norepinephrine neurons as well as serotoninergic neurons, even if it is peripherically injected.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The influence of reserpine and propranolol upon the IOP response to vanadate in the rabbit.

The authors examined the influence of intravenously administered sodium ortho-vanadate upon the intraocular pressure (IOP) of the albino rabbit. Vanadate was administered by intravenous injection and the IOP was measured by applanation tonometry. Vanadate (2 mg/kg) caused a marked reduction of IOP which lasted for several hours. Pretreatment with systemic reserpine 24 hr prior to vanadate administration markedly diminished ocular hypotensive response to vanadate. Similarly, systemic treatment with propranolol prevented the IOP-lowering effect of vanadate. In addition, propranolol administered during the course of the vanadate-induced hypotensive response caused the IOP to return to a level close to the control value. The IOP-lowering effect of vanadate appeared to be unrelated to cardiovascular changes; vanadate was observed to have no significant influence upon the blood pressure of anesthetized animals even though the IOP was markedly reduced. On the basis of these experiments, the authors suggest that adrenergic mechanisms contribute to the IOP-lowering effect of vanadate.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

Experimental papillary necrosis of the kidney. 3. Effects of reserpine and other pharmacologic agents on the lesion.

Reserpine is able to exert a pronounced inhibitory effect on the development of papillary necrosis following the administration of bromoethylamine hydrobromide to the rat. This inhibitory effect has been observed using light microscopy, histochemistry, indigo carmine excretion and urine output. These observations suggest that vasoconstriction may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of papillary necrosis, but the evidence for this is incomplete.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1979

[Role of calcium in the mechanism of the change in vascular reactivity under the action of reserpine].

Reserpine induces an appreciable reduction of the calcium content in the segments of the distal aorta and rabbit femoral arteries incubated in a saline. These changes develop simultaneously to those in the reaction pattern of the vascular segment to direct electric stimulation (decline of constrictor responses and their subsequent replacement by relaxation). It is postulated that the decreased calcium content in the vascular wall may be one of the causes of altered vascular reactivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Inhibition of hypertonic-saline stimulated neurosecretory changes in the freshwater bivalve Indonaia caeruleus (Prashad) by chlorpromazine and reserpine.

In the present paper, the effects of reserpine (RSP) and chlorpromazine (CPZ) on the neurosecretory cells of a saline treated freshwater bivalve, Indonaia caeruleus have been tracked. After saline (0.1 ml of 1.5% NaCl per animal) treatment A and B cells of cerebral and visceral ganglia showed significant increase in cell area, nuclear diameter and decrease in the NSM, while administration of RSP (0.50 mg per animal) and CPZ (0.25 mg per animal), following the saline injection completely inhibited these changes. Physiological implications of these changes are discussed in the light of neurosecretory dynamics.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The effects of ganglionic blockade, reserpine and vinblastine on plasma catecholamines and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase in the rat.

In rats, chronic ganglionic blockade induced by repeated doses of chlorisodamine rapidly and profoundly lowered plasma norepinephrine, but plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity, even after 5 days treatment, was not significantly reduced. Long-term chlorisondamine treatment did not alter cardiac DBH or rapid axonal transport of DBH in sciatic nerve. Blockade of alpha adrenergic receptors by administration of repeated doses of phenoxybenzamine resulted in elevated levels of plasma catecholamines, but produced no change in plasma DBH. Chronic reserpine treatment (2.5 mg/kg on alternate days) increased plasma DBH after 2 and 5 days, whereas vinblastine (3 mg/kg) caused a progressive fall in enzyme activity in plasma over the same time period. It is concluded that plasma DBH activity does not closely parallel adrenergic function and neurotransmitter release in the rat. The level of DBH in plasma appears to reflect the rate of enzyme synthesis and axonal transport, It is likely that mechanisms other than stimulation-coupled exocytotic release determine levels of DBH activity in plasma.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1977

[Experimental study of the emotiontropic effect of lithium: ambivalent dose-dependent effect in "reserpine depression" and preventive anti-stress effect].

Experiments on male-rats with a chronic administration of lithium show that it exerts a dose-dependence ambivalent action on the biochemical and behavioural characterisics of "reseprine depressions". In this way changes in the catecholeamine excretion and disturbances of conditioned reactions of advoidance are prevented (in dosages 10 mg/kg , and increasing them to 50 mg/kg). An opposite influence of different doses of lithium was also seen in a study of the hypothalamic resources of noradrenalin in the remote period of an after action of reserpine. The use of lithium exerts an expressed preventive effect in experimental emotional stress, preventing the development of suprarenal reactions and disorders of conditioned reflexes of avoidance. The authors discuss some neurochemical mechanisms of ambivalent and emotiotropic effect of lithium and the exedience of an enlargement of its prophylactic use.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1976

The depletion of the granules of argentaffin and argyrophile cells of monkey duodenum by reserpine.

The influence of reserpine (5 mg/kg) on the argentaffin and argyrophile cells has been studied in 4 monkeys, and in 4 controls. In the treated animals, there is a marked and obvious reduction in the number of argentaffin cells; the cells that remain also show signs of partial depletion. Reduction of the number of argyrophile cells is not obvious on casual examination, but cell counts reveal a statistically significant reduction. The persisting argyrophile cells show signs of partial depletion.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of dihydroergotamine, reserpine and anapriline on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of norsulfazole in rats].

In in vivo experiments with rats anapriline (1 mg/kg) greatly reduced the level of gastrically introduced norsulfazol (200 mg/kg) in the blood, liver, kidneys, stomach, small and large intestine both in healthy rats as well as in those with experimental gastritis provoked by acetylsalicylic acid twice introduced into the stomach. Under the influence of anapriline the acetylization of norsulfazol in the liver would become 4.7 times less intensive. Dihydroergotamin (10 mg/kg) did not influence the absorption, distribution and acetylization of norsulfazol. Reserpine (10 mg/kg) brought down the amount of free norsulfazol in the gastro-intestinal tract and reduced the quantity of acetylized norsulfazol in the blood, stomach, small and large intestines. The acetylization changes in the kidneys were not significant. In the springtime the intensity of the norsulfazol acetylization increases by more than twice. The described results bear witness to the participation of beta-adrenoreceptors in the transport and metabolism of norsulfazol.

Absorption↗
PubMed1983

[Efficacy of lithium hydroxybutyrate in reserpine depression].

Long-term administration of lithium hydroxybutyrate (10 mg/kg, for 7 days) prevents the depression of avoidance behavior in rats and EEG alterations in the cortex and subcortical structures of rabbit brain induced by a single injection of 0.125 mg/kg reserpine.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Circulatory changes during and after surgical anesthesia in hypertensive patients treated with clonidine, methyldopa and reserpine.

The cardiovascular changes in 27 hypertensive patients belonging to WHO classes I-II and treated with either clonidine, methyldopa or reserpine during thiopentone-N2O-O2-relaxant-analgesic anesthesia were studied. The variations in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate during induction of anesthesia and surgery did not differ according to the antihypertensive drug with which the patient was treated. Hypokalemia was found to be the most common postoperative complication in all study groups. The results suggest that the selection of antihypertensive drug does not form a risk factor when hypertensive patients are being prepared for anesthesia and surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The effect of a MAO inhibitor on reserpine-induced secretion of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla of the rose-ringed parakeet.

The effect of MAO inhibitor on reserpine-induced release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla of the rose-ringed parakeet was investigated in this biochemical, histochemical, and ultrastructural study. The MAO inhibitor provided some blockade of epinephrine secretion and was ineffective in blocking norepinephrine secretion. Differences between birds and mammals were noted, suggesting that different mechanisms of catecholamine release may be operating in the two classes.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1983

The effects of intravenous regional guanethidine and reserpine. A controlled study.

We investigated the effects of intravenous regional injection of guanethidine and reserpine in a prospective, randomized, double-blind study of seven volunteers. The sympatholytic activities of these drugs were assessed separately for cholinergic and adrenergic function. Cold challenge was employed to magnify the effect on digital temperatures and alterations in pulse-volume. Only guanethidine significantly increased temperature (p less than 0.025) after cold challenge, this effect lasting for three days. No anticholinergic effect was found. Intravenous regional guanethidine may be useful in the treatment of vasospastic disorders and as prophylaxis for surgically treated patients in whom this complication may be expected to occur.

Adult↗