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At least 1,243 records · Page 69Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Taping--a safe alternative in the early functional treatment of all ligament instabilities of the proximal ankle joint? Results of a prospective study].

Since December 1986 all patients with recent ligamental or osteochondral detachment and all with chronic insufficiency of the fibular ligament have undergone functional treatment in the form of taping for 6 weeks after primary operative (n = 60) or conservative (n = 40) management. A total of 100 patients (54 m/46 f, 7-60 years) were included in a prospective study. After immobilization of the ankle in a plaster cast for between 7 and 10 days the first, modified, tape was applied, which was normally changed after a period of 14 days. Interruption of functional treatment because of complications due to with the tape was not necessary. Return to work was possible after an average of 22.8 days. Clinical examination after 5-23 months showed excellent results in 84.3%, good results in 12.9% and unsatisfactory results in 2.7%, but no chronic instability was seen in any of the 100 patients. Standardized stress X-rays (15 kp) yielded values for talar tilt and for anterior drawer that were comparable with those in the uninjured ankle. In conclusions, in comparison with other orthoses, the stability of tape applied by a modified technique is secure enough to allow healing of ruptured ligaments in the ankle. Very little patient compliance is needed. Taping is the most economical form of functional treatment. No physiotherapy is necessary. The period of inability to work can be reduced significantly. Functional treatment by taping can be started as little as 7-10 days after injury or operation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Congenital genu recurvatum. Presentation of 2 cases].

Two cases of genu recurvatum congenitum are reported having been brought to the authors' attention within a short space of one another. In both cases this malformation, which is not very common, was associated with other anomalies. The malformation is characterised by an exaggerated hyperextension of the knee, sometimes to such an extent that the angle of the foreward bend is less than 100 degrees, whereas flexion is almost impossible on account of the strong retraction of the femoral quadriceps. The first of the two cases was resolved relatively easily following treatment with a plaster cast and subsequent physiotherapy. The second case requires longer and more complex treatment, also involving surgery, given the complete loss of joint contacts and the presence of club feet.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of benign lesions of the femoral head and neck.

Benign lesions of the proximal femur usually weaken the supporting framework in the femoral neck. Of seven patients aged 11 through 26 years with the diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia (four), aneurysmal bone cyst (two), and simple bone cyst (one), six were treated with curretage and an autogenous fibula strut graft in conjunction with a sliding hip screw. One patient was treated with only the curretage and strut graft. The functional results were excellent (five), good (one), and fair (one), with no local recurrence. In treating fibrous dysplasia, dysplastic bone should be supplemented with grafts of cortical bone. This construct provides increased strength and prevents deformity and fracture, but it does not eradicate the disease. Internal fixation promotes union of the cortical graft to the host cancellous bone. The sliding screw stabilizes the bone and eliminates the need for plaster casts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip in a squatting position, Fettweis method.

In the relatively recent past, the treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip was carried out according to Lorenz or to some other similar method. Many poor late results and too many deformities of the proximal part of the femur were observed, following a modification of the orientation of the femoral neck or avascular necrosis of the head and its growth plate. The full abduction position was responsible for these complications. Since 1960, a method has been developed based on the observation of the normal physiologic fetal position of the thighs close to the trunk, and on the fact that in countries where children are carried on their mothers' bodies, CDH is rarely observed. The femurs are placed and held in a position of flexion, in a varying degree according to the grade of the condition, and in moderate abduction. An abduction bandage or a plaster cast is used according to the grade. Progressive reduction of the dislocation and progressive remodeling of the acetabular roof occurs. The analysis of the results reveals a low percentage of avascular complications. The use of this method in cases detected early should make recourse to surgery increasingly rare.

Braces↗
PubMed1990

[Functional intraosseous osteosynthesis of diaphyseal fractures of long bones].

The analysis of the treatment of diaphyseal fractures of tre long bones with functional intraosseous osteosynthesis (FIO) of 593 patients (675 bones) during three years is presented. The techniques of osteosynthesis have been worked out by the author and are performed without using an electro-optical transducer and drilling out of the medullary canal. At the postoperative period no immobilization with a plaster cast is necessary. The function of the operated extremity is restored before the fraction is consolidated. The disability terms are shorter than usual. There have been no non-unions, false joints or contractures. There was one case of osteomyelitis (0.1%). The definition of FIO is given, the conditions for its performance and the requirements for the intraosseous fixator are presented as well as the facts of making use of FIO in the treatment of non-unions and false joints of the long bones are listed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Immobilization of the fractured patella by an embracing ring device].

48 cases of fractured patella treated by embracing ring device from 1976-1988 were reported. Among the group, there were 31 males and 17 females, aged 20-80 years. The types of fractures were transverse 28 cases, comminuted 8 cases, fissure or stellate 12 cases; closed 43 cases, opened 5 cases. The methods were adopted, namely: (1) Simple immobilization with embracing ring device. (2) Cylinder plaster cast combined with embracing ring device. (3) Open-reduction with internal fixation combined with embracing ring device. According to the holistic concept the authors adopted both external and topical application of paste to relieve local swelling and oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine. After bone-union the embracing ring device was removed in conjunction with external lotion and active exercises. The 48 cases were followed up ranging from 5 months to 6 years. Satisfactory results were obtained in 41 cases (85.42%). Finally the authors emphasized that the preservation of patella plays an important role in maintaining the extensor mechanism of the knee from physiological and biomechanic views, if the articular surface can be perfectly restored. The nature of embracing ring device and related problems were also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Traumatic cartilage damage of the knee joint].

Thirty-five traumatic lesions to cartilage were recorded, together with other injuries, from 225 arthroscopic examinations in two years. Most of the lesions (20) were located at the femoral condyle. The patella was involved in eight cases. However, if the patellar surface was related to the surface of the femoral condyles, the former was just as strongly affected by traumatic effects as the latter. No unambiguous localisation was possible in six cases, most of them smaller cartilage abrasions. Optional therapy proved to be applicable via the arthroscope in seven cases, while small incisions in the form of mini-arthrotomy were necessary in five cases. Arthrotomy was performed on 21 patients, and no therapeutic action at all was required in two cases. Complications included one transient soft-tissue infection and haemarthrosis of one patients who had to be punctured. Following very short-time immobilisation in plaster cast, the use of forearm walking supports was considered appropriate for short-term weight relief. A weight-relieving orthotic device with dynamic partial-loading facility was fitted for longer-term weight relief.

Aprotinin↗
PubMed1989

[The dental morphology of the Polynesians in the Cook Islands].

The inter-island variations and biological population affinity were examined for the Cook islanders in terms of non-parametric dental characters. The materials used in the present study consisted of plaster casts for 397 people, ages 4-20, collected on Rarotonga, Mangaia and Pukapuka in the Cook Islands. The dental characters observed were 15 traits on the teeth crown. The samples have been divided into five population series on the basis of their native islands: Pukapuka, N-S group (northern-southern island crossbreedings), Rarotonga, Mangaia, and S group (southern islands except Rarotonga and Mangaia). For comparison with other ethnic populations, the samples excluding the Pukapuka are combined into one group to represent full-blood southern-Cook Island Polynesians and named "Southern Cook" here. There were no significant sex differences in the incidences of dental traits in the data used in this study, so they were combined for the statistics. A cluster analysis was carried out to compare inter-population affinities on the basis of Smith's Mean Measure of Divergence (MMD) using the frequencies of shovelling, Carabelli's cusp, protostylid, cusp 6, cusp 7, and deflecting wrinkle. The results are briefly summarized as follows: 1. The differences between the Pukapukans and other four groups in the Cook Islands were observed in the case of 11 characters. Within the samples of the four island groups making up Southern Cook, there were no definitive population differences in dental morphology. The cluster analysis based on Smith's MMD values emerged as two main clusters in the Cook Islands: one cluster consisted only of the Pukapukans, and the other consisted of the rest. The latter was divided into two subclusters. 2. The frequencies of shovelling in the Southern Cook (23%) were quite similar at the medium level (S + S.S), to those in other Polynesian groups as well as in the Micronesian groups. The Pukapukans, however, gave a fairly low percentage (10%). 3. The two populations from the Southern Cook and Pukapuka were compared with other Oceanic populations. The incidences of double shovelling were similar to those of the Guamese, but lower than those of the Hawaiians. The Carabelli's cusp, protostylid and cusp 6 showed higher frequencies than those in the Hawaiians and Guamese. On the other hand, the interstitial tubercle showed a lower percentage than those in the Hawaiians and Guamese. As far as the incidence of the deflecting wrinkle are concerned, the Southern Cook, together with the Guamese, were intermediate between the Hawaiians and Pukapukans.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[The incidence of superimposition of permanent teeth in the orthopantomographs and in radiographs Status-X].

In this study 82 orthopantomographs and 82 Status-x radiographs of the same patients were evaluated in order to determine the incidence of superimposition of teeth in the two kinds of panoramic radiographs. The patients were 10 to 20 years of age and presented no crowding as judged clinically or from respective plaster casts. The results of this study showed that the superimposition occurs in 71.90% of the upper permanent teeth in the orthopantomographs and in 51.21% of the lower permanent teeth. In the Status-x radiographs the superimposition occurs in 54.87% of the upper permanent teeth. As regards localization the upper second premolars premolars showed the greatest incidence and the mandibular incisors the lowest incidence of superimposition in the orthopantomographs. In the Status-x radiographs the superimposition occurs more frequently in the upper canines and less frequently in the upper first molars. Comparing the two kinds of panoramic radiographs, it seems that superimposition is observed more frequently in the orthopantomographs by 17.03%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Peripheral paresis of upper extremity nerves following supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children.

The authors observed a lesion of the peripheral nerves in 13 of 401 children with supracondylar humerus fractures (3.2%). Most frequently, the radial nerve was injured. All patients with neural lesions healed spontaneously, a surgical revision of the nerve was not necessary. The authors' opinion is that neural lesions accompanying supracondylar fractures can be treated conservatively. Exceptions are clear indications for surgical revision, as persisting ischaemia of the forearm or extensive open fractures. When treating conservatively, it is necessary to make a thorough clinical and EMG investigation to set exactly the diagnosis of the neural lesion immediately after removing the plaster cast (mostly 3 weeks after the injury). This investigation is to be repeated regularly, as the reinervation dynamics of the affected region is to be followed up. At the same time it is advantageous to perform electrostimulation until reinervation potentials appear, vitaminotherapy and intensive active exercise with the involved extremity. If no signs of reinvertion in the affected area appear within 6 months, a surgical revision of the nerve is to be considered.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed1989

The surgical conservation of the neuropathic foot.

Basic surgical principles applied when caring for neuropathic limbs can result in the maintenance or restoration of a useful ulcer-free limb. It is possible to help many patients with neuropathy to become ulcer-free and to remain ulcer-free and mobile, with surgical procedures. Recommended methods of management are briefly outlined. These include the débridement of the osteomyelitic, metatarsal head in order to save the adjacent toe, removal of bony irregularities that predispose to ulceration, and the use of wedge osteotomies and arthrodeses to improve the functional shape of the affected foot. The emphasis is on the removal of high pressure points from the weight-bearing surface and to increase the total area available for weight-bearing. Adequate rest and protection are essential, and include the use of splints or total contact plaster casts in all cases of ulceration of weight-bearing surfaces. All patients with reduced sensory perception should learn daily self-examination and care to reduce the chances of recurrent ulceration. Healing after surgical reconstruction will occur, and the healed tissues, if adequately cared for, will maintain their integrity for years.

Foot Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[Use of Biofix C for stabilizing medial ankle fractures].

This report deals with the surgical technique and the results of stabilisation of 10 medial ankle fractures using Biofix C rods. They are cylindrical, biodegredable rods. Biorod is constructed of self-reinforced composite material. It consists of polyglycolide matrix with polyglcolide fibers. The bending strength of the material before operation is more than 200 MPa, exceeding 20-30 times the strength of cancellous bone. The material looses its mechanical strength in hydrolitic conditions during 5-6 weeks and dissolves totally during the following months. Our experience with a self developed guiding tool for the implantation of the Biorod is presented. All fractures healed without any notable complications. As of the 8th day full weight bearing was allowed in a below knee plaster cast for 6 weeks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of open tibial fracture with fixateur externe].

External fixation with a Hoffmann or an ASIF frame was used in the treatment of 50 severe open lower leg fractures from 1979 to 1987. In 7 cases consolidation was achieved by means of external fixation without changing to any other method. Plaster cast fixation was subsequently performed after soft-tissue healing in 35 patients. Further methods of treatment applied after external fixation were intramedullary nailing in 5 cases, internal stabilization with a plate in 1 case and provision of a surgical support in 1 case. In 1 patient early amputation was necessary. On average, fracture healing took 6.7 (4-15) months, significantly correlating with the severity of soft-tissue lesion. Compound fractures of the proximal tibial shaft turned out to be problem cases, requiring up to 15 months for bone union. Acute infections occurred in 6 cases (12%), despite primary antibiotic prophylaxis. Nonunion was noted in 2 patients. A follow-up examination of 33 patients after a median of 45 months (range 6-99) showed full weight-bearing in all cases. Persistent soft-tissue problems were found in 7 patients, chronic osteitis in 4, and shortening of the extremity by up to 2 cm in 11 cases. One-third of the patients were out of work or had had to change their jobs as a social effect of their severe injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of major patellar instability. Results of the Fèvre-Dupuis operation].

In the treatment of recurrent subluxation and dislocation of the patella in adolescents and young adults, the authors describe a method consisting of: --a modified Roux procedure for internal transposition and advancement of the anterior tibial tuberosity; --the Lecène technic for over-the-top reinsertion of the vastus medialis on the lateral aspect of the patella. All the patients had a plaster cast for 10 days followed by rehabilitation until normal knee function was achieved. Stiff knees were mobilized under general anesthesia. Normal activity was progressively resumed 6 weeks after surgery. Out of the 31 patients (41 knees) available for objective follow-up evaluation, 26 were women and 5 men, with an average age of 19 years. The mean follow-up period was 9 and a half years with a minimum of 2 years and a maximum of 23. End results in terms of relief of pain, patellar stability and knee function were gratifying. Thirty knees were rated good, 8 fair and 3 poor. No recurrence of subluxation or dislocation was found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Congenital metatarsus varus].

The authors report on "congenital primitive metatarsus varus". After discussing the incidence, etiology, pathogenesis and classification, the clinical features and associated malformations are evaluated. Then they go into treatment details affirming, according to the literature, that this malformation is susceptible to complete regression if treated bloodlessly during the early months of life, and in any case, before the onset of loss of ambulation, by manipulations followed by a series of plaster casts and finally by corrective braces and shoes. If this treatment is fruitless or in cases seen at an advanced age and with a high degree of varus, there are several surgical operations that achieve satisfying results operating on tendons or on articular capsules.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Contribution on disinfection of dental impressions].

The effectiveness of various measures of disinfection with stomatological impressions had microbiologically been tested. The most efficient reduction of the number of germs could be stated after a five minutes influence of 0.5% commercial solution of peracetic acid on calcinate impressions. Gargling by Sol. chlorhexidini SR before taking the impression and a 60 minutes formaldehyde gasification of plaster casts also resulted in an essential reduction of the number of germs, too.

Dental Impression Materials↗
PubMed1989

In situ observation of adjustment of sarcomere length in skeletal muscle under sustained stretch.

Adjustment of sarcomere length to sustained stretch was studied in situ by the light diffraction method applied to the extensor digitorum longus muscle of the mouse. The muscle was stretched maximally (with the ankle and toes in full plantar flexion) and immobilized by a plaster cast: the sarcomere length immediately after stretch was 2.98 microns. After 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days of immobilization, the sarcomere length was 2.94, 2.86, 2.83, 2.77 and 2.78 microns, respectively. This shows how a muscle under sustained stretch adapts itself to a new length and explains why the efficiency of muscle function is maintained after limb lengthening.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Volume estimation of non-caries related enamel defects].

The volume of wedge shaped defects can be estimated by means of massa suppositoriorum on a plaster cast. The substance are pressed in a graduated pipette. The average relative error is six percent. The absolute error of defects of 2.0, 10.0 respectively 20.0 mm3 ranges from 0.12, 0.6 to 1.2 mm3.

Calcium Sulfate↗