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Definitions, legal aspects, epidemiology and the author's experience in 58 relevant cases between 1966 and 1986 are described and recommendations for diagnosis, notification and prevention are given. The author underlines the importance of the early detection of the maltreatment and neglect of children and the conclusions to be drawn.
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The authors describe 22 cases of beta-thalassaemia minor in 11 boys and 11 girls from Czech families. The children suffer as a rule mild hypochromic anaemia with marked microcytosis and rather elevated red cell values. The serum ferritin values are normal, serum iron is normal or slightly elevated. In all children the ratio of haemoglobin A2 is raised (to 4-7%) and in 40% the ratio of haemoglobin F is raised (to 1.5 to 5.9%). There are no differences between boys and girls in the investigated parameters. The boy have, as compared with adult men with beta-thalassaemia minor, significantly lower values of red blood cells and serum ferritin. There are no significant differences between girls and adult women suffering from this disease.
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Hepatitis B virus carriers were identified by a systematic screening of women during the last trimester of pregnancy. With 0.5% the HBV carrier incidence was found to be constant over years. 25 children of HBsAg positive women were followed after 2-4 years in order to define the risk of vertical transmission. One infant died due to the sequelae of a congenital malformation. In 12 of the remaining infants HBV markers were found after different intervals, in 10 of them also clinical and paraclinical symptoms of HBV infection could be diagnosed. The results are discussed in relation to the maternal serologic status and with regard to different preventive measures. Summarizing our results the following recommendations can be given: A mass screening for HBV during pregnancy is the only safe method of diagnosing HBsAg positive carriers. All newborns of HBsAg positive pregnants should be vaccinated immediately after birth, both actively and passively.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.