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Results for “Occlusal Splints”

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At least 1,243 records · Page 69Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Proximal segment positioning in bilateral sagittal split osteotomy: intraoperative controlled positioning by a positioning splint.

PURPOSE: Most techniques of proximal segment positioning hinder intraoperative condyle displacement. However, merely maintaining condylar position cannot optimize the preoperative condyle-disc-fossa relationship. This study attempts to optimize condylar position in the osteotomy patient. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A study group of 23 bimaxillary operated patients had intraoperative joint positioning by positioning splint and plates (9 Angle Class II, 14 Class III). After assessing the habitual and appraising the optimized condyle position on preoperative sonograms and magnetic resonance images, positioning splints were constructed as acrylic occlusal wafers in a semi-individual articulator. Set in occlusion before adaptation of positioning plates, they were intended to move the condyles into the calculated position. Eighteen bimaxillary operated control patients had conventional plate positioning according to the habitual occlusion (9 Angle Class II, 9 Class III). Clinical follow-up, axiography, or sonography was maintained for 24 months. Preoperative lateral cephalograms were scrutinized for horizontal and vertical joint spaces and compared with the immediate postoperative radiography. RESULTS: Postoperative Class II study group patients had less dorsal and more vertical joint space and Class III patients more dorsal and vertical space compared with the controls. The study group exhibited significantly less postoperative dysfunction compared with the control group (2-way analysis of variance: P <.021, F = 9.2, alpha =.05 significance level), disc dislocation prevalence was lower (P <.07, F = 9.2), postoperative changes in condylar translation were smaller (P <.014, F = 4.9), and 8% skeletal relapses versus 22% in the controls were seen. CONCLUSIONS: A proximal segment-positioning splint effectively positioned the condyle in the desired direction, but with considerable relapse, significantly reduced postoperative dysfunction, disc dislocations, changes to the condylar translation, and incidence of skeletal relapse at 24-month follow-up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Tooth-supported telescope restorations.

Entirely tooth-supported removable dentures with telescope crowns may be considered a good alternative to a fixed restoration of the whole dental arch. They provide a rigid splinting and stable occlusion and offer a better safety factor owing to their removability and their lesser dependence on each single abutment. Also they are applicable when parallelism among the abutments does not permit making a fixed restoration. Furthermore they can be cemented in stages, decreasing the risk of washout later. Psychologically, they are well tolerated by patients.

Crowns↗
PubMed1996

The effect of stomatognathic treatment: a clinical follow-up study.

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are common but complex problems in dentistry. Most patients can be treated using relatively simple methods, such as counselling, splint therapy, and occlusal adjustment. Patients who do not respond to conservative treatment may benefit from surgical treatment. Ninety-two patients (68 women, 24 men, mean age 36 years, range 14-74 years) were treated between 1988 and 1990 in the Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology. Sixty-two patients of which 15 were surgically treated, attended for clinical follow-up in 1994. Success of treatment was evaluated using the anamnestic and clinical dysfunction indices of Helkimo. All patients reported that they had benefitted from their treatment. Symptoms of TMD were also noted to be clinically less than before. The results of the study reported show that the effects of stomatognathic treatment are beneficial in long-term, i.e. the patients were subjectively satisfied, and symptoms recorded clinically on follow-up were statistically significantly less than before.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Influences of tooth contact patterns during mandibular retrusion on the terminal jaw relation of habitual closures].

Influence of tooth contact patterns during mandibular retrusion on the terminal jaw relation (TJR) of habitual closures were investigated on five subjects. A maxillary stabilization splint with steep retrusive contacts was fabricated and applied to each subject for one week in the first series of this experiment. In the second series, steepness of the retrusive contacts was reduced and the splint with flat occlusal surface was applied. After each series, subjects were asked to perform habitual closures with an intraoral central bearing device and their TJR was recorded. The results as follows: 1. TJR was influenced by the tooth contact pattern during mandibular retrusion. 2. TJR recorded after the second series tended to be more posterior than that after the first series. 3. It was suggested that the position of the condyle might change posteriorly with flatter retrusive contacts. 4. These results suggest the necessity of appropriate tooth guidance during mandibular retrusive movements for the dentulous subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Management issues of neuropathic trigeminal pain from a dental perspective.

Neuropathic trigeminal pain conditions are more common than is generally appreciated. Sites inside the mouth as well as involvement of extraoral tissues are common manifestations of these disorders. There is a general lack of recognition of the complex characteristics of neuropathic trigeminal pain that frequently lead to mischaracterization of the nature of the complaint. Dentists are in an excellent position to detect the presence of neuropathic trigeminal pain and help to provide a rational diagnosis. The high prevalence of orofacial pain of dental origin and the dramatic similarities between neuropathic orofacial pain and odontogenic and other pathologic pains in the region frequently lead to incorrect diagnoses and, more importantly, inappropriate treatments that are frequently invasive and irreversible. The records of patients presenting with neuropathic pain at our university pain clinic were reviewed to gain insight into dental factors as they related to the etiology, presentation, diagnosis, and management of neuropathic pain of the trigeminal system. Relative to etiology, the records review revealed that most onsets were associated with a specific dental treatment or odontogenic symptom that resulted in a dental diagnosis or treatment. Initial treatment modalities that either caused the pain or were used to address painful symptoms commonly included replacement of restorations, endodontic therapy, apicectomy, extraction, splint therapy, and occlusal equilibration. Correct diagnosis, and particularly early definitive diagnosis, of neuropathic trigeminal pain is crucial to avoid invasive and potentially more damaging forms of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the stress of mandibular incisor with different level of alveolar bone].

By three-dimensional finite element analysis,the present research inquired about the stress on the surface of alveolar bone of mandibular incisor with different level of bone loss under different loadings. For the mandibular incisor without bone loss, the maximums of the von Mises stress under vertical and 15 degree oblique loading were 13.171 and 14.315 MPa respectively, both located in the apical region, and the lingual displacement of the tooth were 0.056 and 0.197mm respectively; under 30 degree oblique loading, the maximum of the von Mises stress was 15.262 MPa, located not only in the apical region but also on the crest, and the lingual displacement of the tooth was 0.324 mm. However, when vertical loading was applied on the mandibular incisor with half of the alveolar bone loss, the maximum of the stress increased significantly, located in the apical regions. And under oblique loadings, the value of the stress of this model increased dramatically,being three to five times over that of mandibular incisor without bone loss. Both of them concentrated on the crest. The scope of its distribution decreased from area to point. The significant lingual displacement happened, amounting to 2.850 mm. So when the loss of alveolar bone is not less than half,occlusal adjustment and splinting should be considered during the initial treatment of periodontal disease in order to avoid the significant change of the stress and alleviate the damage to the periodontal tissues.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1994

[Effects of occlusal position on masticatory muscle activity].

The effects of different occlusal position on the masticatory muscle function were investigated on 5 subjects. Two types of maxillary stabilization splints were fabricated in order to change the occlusal position. One type of the splints was to increase the occlusal height and the other was to shift the occlusal position laterally. The EMG activities of the masseter (M) and the anterior and posterior temporal muscles (AT, PT) were measured in various occlusal positions at 50% of maximal voluntary activity of the M and AT. The results were as follows: 1. When the occlusal height was increased. 1) The activity of the PT decreased in most subjects. 2) Asymmetry index (AI) of each tested muscle did not always indicate a similar value. 2. When the occlusal position was shifted laterally, 1) The activities of the ipsilateral AT and PT were higher than those of the contralateral side. 2) The AI of the AT and the PT changed gradually when the occlusal height was large while they changed greatly near the intercuspal position (IP) when the occlusal height was smaller. Therefore, the symmetry of the temporal muscle activity was thought to be influenced sensitively by the lateral shift of jaw position near the IP.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Effect of unilateral bite splint on mastication in the miniature pig.

Unilateral premature occlusal contacts are known to alter masticatory activity levels during clenching, but whether natural chewing is similarly affected is not known. The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of a unilateral bite splint on mastication. Eleven experiments were carried out using three miniature pigs. Electromyography of the masticatory muscles and movements of the jaw were recorded during natural chewing before and after inserting a bite splint on the second and third deciduous premolars. In contrast to human clenching, the integrated activities of the jaw-closing muscles increased, especially on the contralateral side. The increases were mainly due to the prolongation of the burst durations. Jaw opening activity was increased as well. The frequency of mastication fell slightly and the animal preferred to chew food on the bite splint side. These results demonstrate the importance within the particular experimental conditions of the occlusal condition in regulating chewing behaviour.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Leveling of the occlusal plane during model surgery.

A level occlusal plane is a prerequisite for success in all orthognathic surgical procedures. Occlusal plane leveling must be obtained at the time of model surgery and splint manufacturing or an occlusal cant will be translated to the operating theater. We describe the use of a small-scale flat-line level, utilized during model surgery for two jaw procedures, to level the occlusal plane accurately and quickly.

Dental Articulators↗
PubMed1996

Immediate and long-term results of the splinting for acute closure trial.

The ability of coronary splinting to salvage acute coronary occlusion was prospectively studied in 22 patients whose coronary occlusion was refractory to a 15-min balloon dilatation. Splinting was successful in 20 patients (91%). One patient required emergency bypass surgery, and one patient was treated medically for continued coronary occlusion. There was no late ischemic events. The peak CK was 1081 +/- 733 U/L and 1,451 +/- 1,646 U/L for the study and control patients (P = NS). The peak CK-MB was 110 +/- 102 mg/dl and 78 +/- 84 mg/dl, respectively (P = NS). There were no differences in electrocardiographic changes or Q-wave myocardial infarction between the groups. At 6-month follow-up, one patient required coronary artery bypass graft surgery. There were no late myocardial infarctions or deaths.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Widespread pain and the effectiveness of oral splints in myofascial face pain.

BACKGROUND: The research literature reaches inconsistent conclusions about the efficacy of oral splints for treating myofascial face pain. This investigation hypothesizes that their effectiveness varies as a function of the presence or absence of widespread pain. METHODS: In a randomized, controlled clinical trial, 63 women with myofascial face pain were assigned to use of either an active, maxillary, flat-plane, hard acrylic splint or a palatal splint that did not interfere with occlusion. Participants also were classified according to the presence or absence of widespread pain throughout the body. After six weeks, groups were compared regarding pain on palpation, self-reported pain and functional outcome. RESULTS: Overall, the findings showed a modest tendency for subjects receiving the active vs. the palatal splint to exhibit improvement on self-reported pain and functional outcome. On further division of the sample into subjects with local vs. widespread pain, the general pattern showed that patients with widespread pain who received an active splint did not experience improvement, while patients with local pain who received the active splint did. CONCLUSIONS: The presence or absence of widespread pain may help to define the specific circumstances under which oral splints should be prescribed for patients with myofascial face pain. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Clinicians should screen patients with myofascial face pain for the presence of widespread pain, since this comorbid symptom pattern may be a contraindication for the use of oral splints.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Facial approach to stabilization of mobile maxillary anterior teeth with steep vertical overlap and occlusal trauma.

The necessity for splinting and the advantages of some types of permanent, semipermanent, and temporary splinting are given. Specific step-by-step instructions are given for a special purpose splint that can be used for stabilizing mobile maxillary teeth when the patient has thin teeth faciolingually and a steep vertical overlap. This can be the treatment of choice for such patients.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1982

A parallel tube provisional splint technique.

Splinting does not replace occlusal and periodontal therapy, but it is frequently a useful adjunct to such treatment. A parallel tube splint technique that is effective for provisional splinting and simple to place has been presented. It does not require extensive tooth reduction or restorative dentistry, nor does it result in overcontouring or problems for the periodontal tissues (Figs. 16 to 19). The splint is easy to clean and maintain; it is also inexpensive when compared to other types of splints. Clinical evaluation of this technique is continuing and will be reported at a later date.

Dental Instruments↗