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Results for “Lymphatic Abnormalities”

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At least 1,243 records · Page 69Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Case report of a complete regression of para-aortic lymph node metastasis from bladder cancer by oral administration of UFT].

We report a case in which para-aortic lymphnode metastasis from bladder cancer regressed completely by administration of UFT. The patient was a 72-year-old male who had undergone a total cystectomy for bladder cancer. Since para-aortic node metastasis was recognized in abdominal CT 1 year after the operation, we treated this patient by oral administration of UFT at a dose of 600 mg per day, and the metastatic lesion regressed completely 2 months later. After the complete regression, UFT was administered for one year. At present, 6 months after the discontinuation of UFT, para-aortic lymphnode swelling is not observed. Although adverse effects such as pigmentation and nail degeneration was found, there was no abnormal finding in blood analysis and chemistry. It is suggested that UFT may be effectively used for bladder cancer.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Disorder in ultrastructure of basement membrane and mechanical junction in human esophageal cancer.

The ultrastructure and clinical significance of the basement membrane (BM) are still unclear in esophageal cancer. In this report, we examined the ultrastructure of the BM and microstructures related intercellular adhesion in squamous cell carcinoma of human esophagus using a transmission electron microscope, and investigated their clinical significance. BM was absent in 38% of the examined cases and the frequency or the presence of the microstructures of cancer cells of the infiltrating margin (CCIM) was negatively related to the presence of BM (BM-P); CCIM of BM-P tumors often had smaller number per cell of desmosomes and cytoplasmic processes. These results indicate that CCIM of BM-P tumor are in an 'inconvenient status' for tumor cells to form a firm group. In the intercellular space between CCIM and BM or surrounding stromal cells, all of the CCIM of BM-P tumors had hemidesmosomes, but not those of BM absent (BM-A) tumors. Though no statistical significant difference was found in our clinical observation between BM-P and BM-A tumors, the present study suggested that a considerable proportion of cancer cells have abnormal intercellular adhesiveness via a mechanical mechanism related to the presence or absence of BM.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMedDate not supplied

DNA content of prostatic cancer measured by flow cytometry in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy.

The biological behavior of prostatic cancer is influenced by many host and tumor factors. The proliferative activity of the malignancies can be one of those parameters which serve as the basis to estimate prognosis and design treatment. Here, DNA content and S-phase fraction of prostatic cancer samples obtained by radical prostatectomy from 46 patients were related to other known tumor characteristics (PSA, staging, grading). Nuclei from the paraffin embedded materials were isolated with overnight trypsin-ribonuclease mixture digestion. DNA content and cell cycle distribution were determined by flow cytometry. A correlation was found between the PSA concentration, grading and staging on the one hand and S-phase fraction on the other. DNA content correlated with grading. No kinetic parameter correlated with the nodal involvement. Due to the association between abnormal DNA content plus SPF > 5% with advanced stage and less differentiated appearance of the tumor, we can conclude that these parameters are useful to estimate prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Chromosome aberrations in patients with papillary thyroid cancer and other neoplasms].

Cancer is essentially a genetic disease resulting from congenital or acquired alterations in some cells of the patient. Such changes may occur in particular oncogens and are responsible for the tumour phenotype of the affected population of cells. In contrast, unaltered tumour-suppressor genes are responsible for suppressing the neoplastic phenotype, and their inactivation by deletion or mutation permits cancerous development in the affected cells. The genetic model of carcinogenesis is based on the idea mutations at the DNA level, what creates a functional imbalance between the oncogenes and the tumour-suppressor genes, resulting in uncontrolled clonal proliferation. The ret/PTC oncogene is unique to papillary thyroid cancer. The paper presents a correlation analysis between chromosomal changes in papillary thyroid cancer and abnormalities of chromosomes in patients with breast cancer and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

[Lymphangioma with epithelial hyperplasia included in a Bardet-Biedl syndrome].

INTRODUCTION: The Bardet-Biedl syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, which associates obesity, pigmentary retinopathy, hexadactyly, hypogenitalism, renal dysfunction and mental retardation. Other abnormalities can be observed in the Bardet-Biedl syndrome, but few cutaneous abnormalities have been described. CASE REPORT: A 41 year-old woman, suffering from a Bardet-Biedl syndrome diagnosed when she was 7 Years old, presented with an atypical pseudo verruca-like, dark red lesion of the interbuttock area that had developed over fifteen Years and had become a handicap. The histological examination revealed a double component: epithelial, papillomatous and acanthosic on the one hand and vascular and lymphatic on the other, suggesting a lymphangioma with epidermal hyperplasia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the sacral area revealed a median subcutaneous lesion, extending deeply to the third coccygial vertebra. DISCUSSION: Such a lymphangioma is unusual. Because it occurred during a rare polymalformative syndrome, we suggest that it may represent a new clinical sign that can be observed during the Bardet-Biedl syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1955

Studies on antibody production. IV. The role of a wax fraction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in adjuvant emulsions on the production of antibody to egg albumin.

After injection of ovalbumin as a water-in-oil emulsion a pronounced adjuvant effect is demonstrable following the incorporation of tubercle bacillary wax into the oily phase of the mixture. With single doses of antigen (10 mg. ovalbumin) there is a 4- to 5-fold increase in the amount of antibody at the median of 3 week serum levels in animals receiving a small dose of wax (40 microg.). With a 5 mg. dose of wax there is an 8-fold increase in serum antibody levels at the median. A striking feature of the action of wax is the stimulation of a macrophage proliferation locally at the site of injection, and the production of morphological abnormalities in these cells. As judged by staining techniques for antibody content, these locally assembled cells are not active in the formation of antibody. Wax injected in mineral oil results in a remarkable systematized stimulation of the reticulo-endothelial system. The greatly increased serum antibody levels demonstrated after the use of tubercle bacillary wax in antigen mixtures is attributed to a widespread proliferation of plasma cell elements in the lymphatic glands, spleen and liver.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1991

Lymphoscintigraphy with 123I-labelled epidermal growth factor.

We have used 123I-labelled epidermal growth factor (EGF) scans to study 14 patients with advanced cervical cancer. Abnormal lymph node imaging was seen most clearly 6-8 h after the injection and revealed abnormal uptake by pelvic lymph nodes in 11 patients. 4 of these 11 had abnormal computerised tomographic and ultrasound scans; in the other 7 conventional radiology did not confirm the presence of disease.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1996

[A case of unilateral hilar lymphadenopathy resembling lung cancer due to mycoplasmal pneumonia in an adult].

A case of unilateral hilar lymphadenopathy due to mycoplasmal pneumonia in an adult patient is presented. A 54-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of high grade fever and abnormal shadows on chest roentgenograms. She did not have any respiratory symptoms before admission. Chest roentgenograms on admission revealed a tumor-like shadow in the right hilus resembling lung cancer. On the seventh day after admission, abnormal shadows on chest roentgenograms spontaneously improved without therapy. The patient was diagnosed as having mycoplasmal infection based on the serological tests.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

The spectrum of Evans' syndrome.

Eleven patients (10 boys, one girl) with Evans' syndrome with a median follow up time of 8.0 years were evaluated retrospectively. Six patients had either persistent hepatosplenomegaly or generalised lymphadenopathy, or both. In five patients, an increase in lymph node and/or spleen size was observed during the exacerbations of cytopenias. Seven patients had quantitative serum immunoglobulin abnormalities at the time of presentation. There were associated systemic manifestations in nine patients. Various forms of treatment were used with mixed results. Four patients died from sepsis and haemorrhage; four had complete recovery--two after splenectomy. These findings show that Evans' syndrome is a heterogeneous disorder with significant morbidity and mortality. High incidence of quantitative serum immunoglobulin abnormalities, lymphoid hyperplasia, and associated systemic manifestations suggest that Evans' syndrome may represent a stage of a more broad spectrum, generalised immune dysregulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Inferior hilar window.

The authors undertook a study to determine the ability to detect mass or adenopathy in the "inferior hilar window," a normally avascular region inferior to the shadow of the right pulmonary artery and vein and anterior to the descending left pulmonary artery on lateral chest radiographs. Fifty patients with normal results of thoracic computed tomography (CT) and 25 with unilateral or bilateral hilar masses or adenopathy (defined as opacity greater than 10 mm in diameter) were selected retrospectively. Patients with concomitant pulmonary masses or consolidation at CT that might be confused with or obscure an inferior hilar mass or adenopathy were excluded from study. The 75 corresponding lateral chest radiographs were then evaluated blindly. Forty-seven of the 50 normal cases were correctly interpreted (specificity = 94%). The anterior walls of the right and left lower lobe bronchi were seen in 36% and 84% of normal cases, respectively; the average thickness was 2 mm. Of the 25 patients with inferior hilar masses, 22 were recognized as having abnormalities (sensitivity = 88%); two of the three patients with false-negative results had right hilar masses. Overall accuracy was 92%. For only eight (32%) of the 25 patients was the laterality of abnormality correctly diagnosed. Evaluation of the inferior hilar window on lateral chest radiographs is accurate in assessing the presence or absence of inferior hilar mass or adenopathy.

False Negative Reactions↗
PubMed1984

Mediastinal Hodgkin's disease and thymic cysts.

2 cases of nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease with apparent mediastinal recurrence following mantle irradiation are described. In both cases the abnormal mass was found at thoracotomy to be a benign thymic cyst. The possible aetiology of thymic cysts in this context and the importance of obtaining repeat biopsies in cases of suspected relapse are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in the detection and staging of lung cancer.

Glycolysis is increased in tumor tissues. [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) is a glucose analogue radiopharmaceutical used in positron emission tomography (PET) to trace glucose metabolism. We investigated the sensitivity and specificity of FDG-PET imaging in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. One hundred and seven patients who had abnormal chest roentgenograms underwent whole-body PET imaging using FDG. PET scan results were classified as positive or negative based on the presence or absence of increased FDG uptake in the lung and/or in the mediastinum. All 82 patients with lung cancer had increased FDG uptake in the lungs, whereas only 12 of 25 patients with nonmalignant diseases had increased FDG uptake. Sixteen lung cancer patients with mediastinal metastases had increased FDG uptake in the mediastinum, of whom three had no lymphadenopathy on computed tomography of the chest. Sixteen lung cancer patients without mediastinal nodal involvement had no FDG uptake in the mediastinum. Seven of these patients had lymphadenopathy on computed tomography. FDG-PET imaging is 100% accurate in predicting mediastinal involvement in patients with lung cancer. It is 100% sensitive and 52% specific in predicting the malignant nature of a chest radiographic abnormality.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

CT of the pulmonary hilum.

Histologic examination of the lymph nodes is the only 100% accurate method of detecting metastatic disease. Even the pathologist encountering a lymph node cannot predict from the macroscopic appearance whether a lymph node is involved with tumor. Because enlarged lymph nodes may be free of tumor, and nodes of normal size may contain metastases, the accuracy of CT in the detection of hilar involvement by tumor is limited. The primary role of imaging procedures in the preoperative staging of patients with bronchogenic carcinoma is to determine the need for further prethoracotomy assessment. Decisions regarding operability of lung cancer should be based on tissue verification. Recognition of hilar abnormality requires a thorough understanding of normal bronchial and pulmonary vascular anatomy. The administration of intravenous contrast material can facilitate the distinction on a CT scan image of enhancing pulmonary vessels from nonenhancing hilar lymph nodes.

Bronchography↗
PubMed1990

Association of the 323/A3 surface glycoprotein with tumor characteristics and behavior in human breast cancer.

We have earlier described a monoclonal antibody (323/A3) against a Mr 43,000 surface glycoprotein of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells which shows considerable specificity for primary and metastatic breast tumors (Cancer Res., 46: 1306-1317, 1986). Here we report the occurrence of the 323/A3 antigen in a large cohort of primary breast tumors (m = 384) and its interrelationship with several clinically important variables. Frozen, stored tumor tissues were examined by a Western blot procedure, and the level of 323/A3 protein in individual tumors was calculated in arbitrary units based on the integrated Mr 43,000 signal in tumors compared with an MCF-7 internal standard. Thirty-six % (139 of 384) of tumors were found to be positive for 323/A3. Higher frequencies of 323/A3 protein were found in tumors larger than 2 cm (P = 0.03), tumors with infiltrated lymph nodes (P = 0.01), and tumors without estrogen receptor (P = 0.006). No significant relationship was found with patient age, menopausal status, or progesterone receptor status. Of the newer clinical determinants proliferative rate (% S phase), DNA ploidy, and the lysosomal protease cathepsin D, but not the HER-2/neu oncogene protein, were significantly correlated with 323/A3. The presence of 323/A3 protein was also related to increased recurrence (P = 0.003) and mortality (P = 0.036) after primary treatment. As an exposed surface antigen, this glycoprotein might be a useful target in radioimaging and immunotherapy of some human breast tumors, especially those having large size, infiltrated lymph nodes, deficient estrogen receptor, high proliferative rate, abnormal DNA content, and high levels of cathepsin D, all of which are ominous indicators of tumor behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Usefulness and limitation of computed tomography in the diagnosis of rectal cancer].

Computed tomography (CT) was useful to evaluate the rectal cancer about not only the diagnosis of extracanal invasion to other organs and/or the pelvic wall, but also the diagnosis of its recurrence and pelvic lymph nodes metastases. Cancerous lesions were easily recognized as the localized thickness of the rectal wall when air was injected into the rectal lumen. But the screening and the differential diagnosis of rectal abnormalities with CT were limited, because rectal mucosal pattern can not be imaged in detail. So, CT should be carried out after the differential diagnosis and the location of rectal abnormalites can be obtained by the barium enema or the endoscopy.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1982

Two-dimensional echocardiographic recognition of coronary artery disease in Kawasaki disease. A case report.

Two-dimensional echocardiography (2-DE) was used to demonstrate bilateral coronary artery disease in a 2-month-old child presenting with a mucocutaneous lymph node disease. The classic clinical and laboratory signs of this illness, now known as Kawasaki disease, were reviewed. Identification of the high risk patient prone to developing pericarditis and coronary perivasculitis with subsequent congestive heart failure or myocardial damage is essential for lowering morbidity and mortality rate. The 2-DE successfully demonstrated a large right coronary aneurysm and a markedly abnormal left coronary artery. The 2-DE should be used in every patient suspected of having Kawasaki disease not only to determine coronary artery involvement but also to guide medical management.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed2006

Serum TIMP-1 in gastric cancer patients: a potential prognostic biomarker.

Tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) is over-expressed in many human malignancies, including gastric cancer, and is associated with poor outcome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and prognostic significance of preoperative serum TIMP-1 levels in gastric cancer patients. One hundred and seventy gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy between 1996 and 2001 were enrolled in this study. The serum concentration of TIMP-1 protein in these patients and in 116 healthy controls was determined using an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). When a serum TIMP-1 level >95 percentile of healthy controls was set as the upper cut-off value (348.8 ng/ml), abnormally high serum TIMP-1 were observed in 29 (17.1%) of the gastric cancer patients vs 4.3% of healthy controls (p<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of serum TIMP-1 as a diagnostic tumor marker were 17.1% and 97.7%, respectively. Serum TIMP-1 was positively associated with morphologic appearance (Borrmann type), tumor size, depth of wall invasion, lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis, and peritoneal seeding. It was also positively associated with lymphatic invasion, perineural invasion, and pathological stage. It was not significantly associated with age, gender, tumor location, or histological type. A higher serum TIMP-1 group was significantly associated with lower survival rates than the lower serum TIMP-1 group (cut-off value at the median; 5-yr survival rate: 32.3% vs 55.6%, log-rank p = 0.0011). When the patients were divided into 2 groups using the 95 percentile TIMP-1 level of controls as the cut-off value, 5-yr survival rates were 24.6% and 47.5% respectively for the higher and lower TIMP-1 groups (log rank p = 0.0147). An elevated preoperative level of serum TIMP-1 was significantly associated with progressive disease, advanced stage, and worse survival in gastric cancer patients. Although it is not a good marker for diagnosis, elevated serum TIMP-1 level shows promise as a marker for prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The clinical use of intravenous gammaglobulin.

The availability of safe and effective preparations of human immune globulin that can be administered intravenously has revolutionized replacement therapy for patients suffering from hypogammaglobulinaemia. Of equal importance and greater interest, however, has been the recognition that super physiological doses of IgG can manipulate an abnormal immune system. Future prospects for the use of immunoglobulin preparations to supply specific antibodies includes the standardization of procedures, whereby patients with acute sepsis may receive antibiotics and immunoglobulin simultaneously. Already there is in vitro evidence that suggests that opsonized bacteria are more readily affected by aminoglycosides. It seems certain that gamma globulin will be used routinely in the management of patients with a number of immunomalignancies, such as chronic lymphatic leukaemia and multiple myeloma that feature hypogammaglobulinaemia, especially when chemotherapy is being administered. Control trials are underway to determine whether gamma globulin given intravenously to premature babies will satisfactorily correct their immuno-deficient state and improve their chances of survival. The immunomanipulative capacity of immunoglobulin is yet to be fully realized. Success in ideopathic thrombocytopenic purpura had led to a trial of gamma globulin in a number of autoimmune conditions. Success has been reported in myasthenia gravis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, patients with circulating antibodies to factor VIII and Kawasaki's disease. The mechanism of action is unknown but almost certainly multifactorial. Two proven mechanisms that will be added to in the future, include blockade of the Fc receptors on cells of the reticulo-endothelial system and manipulation of immunoregulatory T cells by the presence of anti-idiotypic antibodies in the preparation.

Autoimmune Diseases↗