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At least 1,243 records · Page 69Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Parasitological studies at a new breeding area of Oncomelania hupensis chiui in Taipei county, Taiwan.

Oncomelania hupensis chiui was found at the Jui-Ping area, Linkow District, Taipei County, Taiwan, which is located on the north coast of the island approximately 10 km of the mouth of the Tamasui River. The habitat of the snails at this area is similar to the type locality at Alilao, on the slope of the hills along of coast. The snails from this new breeding area, are similar to the Alilao snails, and are highly susceptible to the infection with geographic strains of Schistosoma japonicum including the Changhua, Ilan, Japanese, Philippine and Chinese strains. Examinations of 7,758 snails and intradermal tests on 736 inhabitants along with stool examinations of 622 people indicated that there was no evidence of the presence of Schistosoma japonicum at this area. Results obtained from stool examination demonstrated high prevalence of hookworm infection (53.4%) and relatively low infection rates of Asearis lumbricoides (37.0%) and Trichuris trichiura (14.1%). The protozoan infections were low in general. A single Scotch-tape technique for Enterobius vermicularis among 499 school children yielded a 55.7% infection rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Anaphylactoid reaction to dibucaine during spinal anesthesia].

A 71-year-old man with a history of allergic rhinitis for 6 years received spinal anesthesia using 2 ml of 0.3% dibucaine for transurethral prostatectomy. Two months previously he had undergone prostate biopsy and cystoscopy under spinal anesthesia with isobaric bupivacaine uneventfully. Forty five minutes after injection of dibucaine he complained of itching in the periorbital area, and developed tremor and muscle rigidity followed by loss of consciousness. Soon after, his blood pressure decreased to 40 mmHg, and erythema appeared over his body. Symptoms were relieved by epinephrine, hydrocortisone and antihistamine agents, but ten minutes after the treatment he again developed hypotension and erythema. Continuous infusion of epinephrine was needed for complete relief of symptoms. An intradermal test with 0.3% dibucaine carried out 6 days after surgery demonstrated a 12 x 8 mm wheal with flare. Although anaphylactic reaction to an amide local anesthetic has been reported to be quite rare, this is the 7th case report of anaphylactic reaction to dibucaine used for spinal anesthesia in Japan.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Successful management after cardiopulmonary bypass without administration of protamine in a patient with severe food allergy--beneficial result with the use of heparin-coated bypass circuit].

We experienced the anesthetic management for cardiac surgery without the administration of protamine in a patient with severe food allergy. The patient, a 15-year-old boy, who had been avoiding many kinds of food including fish due to severe food allergy, received a correction of ventricular septal defect under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). To detect intraoperative drugs, including protamine, which might induce allergic reaction, we performed intradermal tests and prick tests. We used heparin-coated bypass circuit to minimize the amount of heparin necessary for anticoagulation during CPB. After CPB, hemostasis was achieved without the administration of protamine, and the patient received neither transfusion nor blood product throughout the perioperative period. Avoidance of protamine is advisable if the patient is allergic to food especially fish. The use of heparin-coated bypass circuit should be considered to establish hemostasis without protamine after CPB and to reduce blood products.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1957

Influenza vaccine, Asian strain; reactions following its use in adults.

A study of reactions following influenza vaccine inoculation of 327 employees of Peralta Hospital, 55 men and 272 women, showed a very low value for significant or severe reactions. The reaction rate as observed with the present monovalent vaccine containing 200 CCA units of Asian strain, Type A influenza virus, was considerably lower than that reported with previous polyvalent vaccines containing up to 1,400 or 1,500 CCA units of total virus content. The absenteeism rate was 1.1 per cent for women, nil for men. The incidence of reactions was much greater in women than in men. Local reactions such as pain, swelling, or redness at the site of injection occurred in 29.1 per cent of men and 35.7 per cent of women. The incidence of systemic reactions-fever, aching, chilliness, headache, nausea and vomiting-was 3.6 per cent in men and 8.8 per cent in women. About 9 per cent of men and 30 per cent of women had both local and systemic reaction. Some 58 per cent of men and 25 per cent of women had no reaction. The greater majority of reactions appeared within five hours after inoculation with influenza vaccine. In adults the prevention of anaphylactic reactions due to the small amount of egg protein in influenza vaccine, can be accomplished by screening for history of hypersensitivity to egg, chicken or chicken feather. In questionable cases, intradermal testing can be done. The reaction rate observed in this study for the present influenza vaccine was so low that it ought not deter immunization.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Cutaneous alternariosis in association with scabies or iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome.

Cutaneous alternariosis is rare. Most infections occur in immunocompromised hosts. We report the first three cases in Taiwan. The patients were elderly farmers residing in Tainan. They developed indolent, erythematous, ulcerated or crusted papules, plaques or pustules over the extensor aspect of the forearms or hands. Pure colonies of Alternaria sp were isolated from biopsy specimens in each case. The diagnosis was confirmed by detecting pleomorphic fungal elements in the dermis within suppurative, granulomatous infiltrates. All three patients were immunocompromised. They showed a negative reaction to an intradermal test of seven common antigens. Cases 2 and 3 had iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome. Cases 1 and 3 had extensive scabies, which in Case 1 was of the Norwegian type. To the best of our knowledge, scabies associated with alternariosis has not been reported previously. The infection showed spontaneous regression in Case 1; in Case 2, it resolved after seven weeks of intralesional amphotericin B at a dose of 1 mg/mL twice a week.

Aged↗
PubMed1958

Stability of purified tuberculin in high dilution.

The authors have investigated the effect of storage on the potency of 5 TU dilutions (5 TU per 0.1 ml) of the purified tuberculin RT 19-21 (Statens Seruminstitut, Copenhagen).Dilutions stored at 2-4 degrees C, 20 degrees C and 37 degrees C for different periods up to 18 months were compared by intradermal testing. About 900 BCG-vaccinated schoolchildren were given duplicate tests and in addition 500 tests were made in BCG-vaccinated guinea-pigs.The results showed unexpected variability. It appeared that this variability was due to unsystematic variations in potency both between dilutions prepared at different times and between ampoules of the same dilution.Because of this variability only limited conclusions could be drawn. At 2-4 degrees C the effect of storage seemed to be very slight, the potency of the dilutions being reduced by less than 25% after 18 months. At the higher temperatures, the decrease in activity was more rapid. Nevertheless, the dilutions could be stored at room temperature (20 degrees C) for some months without any practically significant loss of potency.

Guinea Pigs↗
PubMed1955

TUBERCULIN reaction size on five consecutive days.

The present paper gives the results of a study on tuberculin reaction size-erythema and induration-at different intervals after intradermal testing with 1 TU.In the course of tuberculin-testing some 18,000 textile workers in Mehalla el Kobra, Egypt, the tuberculin reactions of 417 men were read daily for five days after the tests had been given. The successive readings were made by the same observer without reference to his previous readings.No difference of any practical significance was found between the results of readings made on the second through the fifth day. Almost all the reactions of over 6 mm of induration on any one day (except the first) remained above 6 mm on the subsequent days, and those measuring 0-6 mm did not exceed 6 mm on the later days. Thus, whether the reactions had been read on the second, third, fourth, or fifth day, essentially the same persons would have been classified as positive and negative according to the induration-reaction size.Erythema could have served as well as induration for separating the study population into the same two groups, had 0-8 mm of erythema been defined as negative and erythema of 9 mm or more as positive for reactions read on the second through the fifth day.In tuberculin surveys of the population under study there would thus have been no need to adhere to a fixed reading interval.The material included in the present paper illustrates how the results of a relatively small and inexpensive preliminary study may serve to simplify and rationalize subsequent large-scale work.

Egypt↗
PubMed1992

[Brucella vaccination in professionally exposed subjects. Prospective study].

This prospective phase IV study on cohort concerns a vaccine made of the phenol-insoluble fraction of Brucella abortus biotype 1 (B19 strain). Three hundred and three professionally exposed subjects entered the study; 161 out of 182 subjects (88.5 percent) with negative response to an intradermal test for detection of previous contamination accepted to be vaccinated. Booster injections were given 18 and 36 months after vaccination. Local pain was observed after 45.2 percent of injections and moderate systemic reactions after 5 percent of injections. Seropositivity after primary vaccination reached 80 percent. The booster injection, justified by a major decrease of this rate after 18 months, gave exactly the same response of the thymo-independent type. This vaccinal schedule did not result in detectable hypersensitivity. The clinical effectiveness of the vaccine could not be evaluated accurately because of the insufficient number of subjects. The possibility of subclinical infection in vaccinated subjects calls for wider comparative studies of vaccinated versus non-vaccinated subjects.

Brucella Vaccine↗
PubMed2003

Cases of human immunodeficiency virus infection and tuberculosis--early experiences of different aspects.

An outpatients department based survey conducted in Calcutta amongst 1349 established cases of tuberculosis (TB) revealed 0.67% human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected cases. Those affected by HIV and TB did not show any deviation from epidemiological pattern of HIV infection in India. All contracted HIV infection by heterosexual route, mostly from Bombay (47.8%) followed by West Bengal (30.4%). In follow-up study of a cohort of 36 HIV seropositives over 3 years, 10(27.7%) developed TB. Of the 23 HIV infected cases with TB, lesions were mostly pulmonary (n = 18, 78.3%) followed by pleural effusion (n = 3;13%). Low incidence of Mycobacterium avium (intracelluarae) complex and tuberculous lymphadenopathy one case each and 52.2% positivity with 14.5 mm mean induration diameter in intradermal test with one TU PPD-RT23 are deviations from previous reports. Low incidence of cough (43.5%), marked weight loss (100%) and fever (100%) were the cardinal clinical features. TB infection on pattern suggestive of reactivation of dormant pulmonary lesions lower rate (11%) of treatment failure and infection caused by organisms other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis were other findings of the study. Importance of serosurveillance to unearth more TB cases amongst HIV infected cases for early treatment and isoniazid prophylaxis is stressed upon.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Triamcinolone acetonide and fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal sprays significantly improve nasal airflow in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Domiciliary measurement of nasal peak inspiratory flow rate (nPIFR) provides a simple, noninvasive, objective assessment of nasal patency and may be useful for determining the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. This randomized, parallel-group, investigator-blind study compared the effects of triamcinolone acetonide aqueous nasal spray (TAA AQ), 220 microg everyday (n = 19), and fluticasone propionate (FP AQ), 200 microg everyday (n = 20), for 21 days on nasal airflow in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), using domiciliary nPIFR. Patients had a > or = 2-year history of springtime SAR and positive epicutaneous or intradermal test to grass, tree pollen, or outdoor molds. nPIFR was measured three times each morning (before dosing) and at bedtime using an In-Check nPIF meter. All measurements were recorded on diary cards, and the best of the three measurements was used for data analysis. There were no significant demographic differences between treatment groups at baseline. Baseline nPIFR (+/- SE) was 106.5 L/minute (+/- 51.2) and 97.7 L/minute (+/- 45.0) in the TAA AQ and FP AQ groups, respectively (p = 0.5733). Model-based estimation of mean change from baseline with TAA AQ and FP AQ at the end of the study were 21.72 (+/- 6.04) and 16.48 (+/- 5.73), respectively. Both treatment groups showed an approximately 20% improvement in nPIFR versus baseline (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.0069 for TAA AQ and FP AQ, respectively), with no statistical difference between treatments. Weekly mean nPIFR scores indicated progressive improvement in nasal airflow with both treatments. Both TAA AQ and FP AQ were effective for improving nasal airflow as indicated by increases in nPIFR in patients with SAR.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Medicine hypersensitivity--case report].

In this paper a case of good tolerance to benzathine benzylpenicillin, but benzylpenicillin potassium allergy in subject with history of multidrug hypersensitivity was described. The same therapeutic agent is contained in both commercial drugs and dosage formulation can cause the unpredictable adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This thesis was confirmed by positive intradermal test with the same, but negative with other commercial product of benzylpenicillin potassium. Later chromatographic analysis shows drug contaminations. Thus an exclusion of allergy to drug impurities (and additives) is necessary for correct diagnosis benzylpenicillin allergy (and any active constituent). Furthermore, allergy to drug impurities (and additives) closely resemble cross-reactions or multiple chemical sensitivity syndrome (MCSS).

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-angiogenic activity of convallamaroside, the steroidal saponin isolated from the rhizomes and roots of Convallaria majalis L.

Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in tumor growth and represents a key target for chemopreventive intervention. Despite the large number of existing angiogenesis inhibitors, there is still a great demand for new anti-angiogenic compounds. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of administration of convallamaroside, a steroidal saponin isolated from the lily of the valley (Convallaria majalis L.) to mice on tumor angiogenesis reaction induced by tumor cells. Angiogenic activity was evaluated by mice intradermal test. Convallamaroside showed a significant inhibitory effect on the number of new vessels induced in mice by human kidney tumor cells (p < 0.001). Similarly, administration of convallamaroside to mice decreased the number of new vessels induced by sarcoma mice cells (p < 0.001).

Angiogenesis Inhibitors↗
PubMed2004

Chronic autoreactive urticaria at six years of age.

A case of chronic urticaria in a child 6 years old is described. The strong skin reactivity upon intradermal injection of autologous serum suggested an autoreactive pathogenesis; however, patient's serum was unable to induce histamine release from basophils in-vitro, indicating the presence of a histamine-releasing factor specific for mast cells, and possibly other than an anti-FcepsilonRI or anti-IgE antibody. Intradermal test with autologous serum may be useful in revealing the autoreactive nature of chronic urticaria and can avoid a frustrating search for other causes of the disease. In children presenting with chronic or recurrent urticaria the diagnostic workup should include the autologous serum skin test.

Child↗
PubMed2005

[Clinical analysis on hepatic hydatid disease in Yili river valley].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical diagnosis and treatment of hepatic hydatid disease and its epidemiological characteristics in Yili river valley. METHODS: Retrospective investigation was carried out on 2049 cases collected in 1993-2003. Clinical diagnosis was made by ways of intradermal test, serological test, ultrasound, X-ray, CT and/or MRI, majority of them received surgical operation. RESULTS: Among the 2049 cases, cystic hydatidosis occupied 96% (1965/2049), while 4% (84/2049) were alveolar hydatidosis. 99% (2034/2049) accepted surgery including hepatolobectomy, endocystomy and hydatidostomy in 302 cases (14.7%) without relapses. 754 cases (36.7%) received chemotherapy (praziquantel, albendazole) after surgical operation. The disease distributed in agri-pastoral areas along the valley. Local residents from different minorities had a close contact with dogs, 54% of the cases were females and 48% of the cases were in the group of 25-49 years old. The incidence tends to decline in the years. CONCLUSION: Hydatidosis is still an important health problem in the region. Further practices for improving treatment especially surgical intervention and for epidemiological investigation are needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Immediate hypersensitivity to quinolones: moxifloxacin cross-reactivity.

INTRODUCTION: Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to quinolones are rare. Moxifloxacin is an quinolone chemically different from other fluoroquinolones. We report 6 patients diagnosed with hypersensitivity to different fluoroquinolones in whom the response to moxifloxacin and cross-reactivity with other quinolones was studied. MATERIAL-METHODS: An allergenic study was made by prick and intradermal test with different fluoroquinolones, in all the patients. Single blind oral challenge tests were performed with moxifloxacin in all the patients, with ciprofloxacin in five patients, with levofloxacin in three patients and with ofloxacin in one patient. RESULTS: The skin test performed with moxifloxacin was positive in five patients, and the oral challenge test was positive in all six patients. All the patients had at least one positive skin test with some of the other fluoroquinolones. CONCLUSION: The skin test with different quinolones seems to be sensitive at showing group hypersensitivity, but not at predicting specific tolerance of each drug. We found a high degree of cross-reactivity among fluoroquinolones, so we currently recommend to avoid the group. We did not find that moxifloxacin differed from other fluoroquinolones so we cannot recommend it as a valid therapeutic alternative in patients sensitized to other quinolones.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hymenoptera sting arthropathy as an occupational injury: a case report].

Hymenoptera (Apid and Vespid) sting reactions represent a specific occupational risk factor for beekeepers, farmers, floriculturists, forestry workers, gardeners, greenhouse workers, fruit dealers, fire-fighters, street sweepers, outdoor workers. As a consequence of the Hymenoptera stings it can appear: acute toxic or allergic reactions and sub-acute symptoms that involve various body systems including the joints in which a Hymenoptera Sting Arthropathy (HSA) may occur. We describe the case of a 54-year-old male farmer beekeeper who developed in 1998 a systemic reaction due to multiple bee stings while he was collecting honey. He was hospitalised at the Policlinico Gemelli in Rome because skin (prick and intradermal test) and in vitro tests had shown evidence of an allergic reaction and had required a venom immunotherapy. During the years the patient had been victim of various episodes of acute arthritis on his interphalangeal joints) and, in one occasion, on his right elbow. The symptoms were localized intense pain and a severe impairment of joint function with inability to perform the work. After 7-14 days of corticosteroid treatment the arthritis subsided. In literature there are similar cases described that, at times, assume a greater severeness and lead to significant functional outcomes. The HSA's aetiology includes pharmacologically active substances (melittin, phosfolipase A2, leukotrienes present in venom), infection, or foreign body synovitis. The relative gravity of the symptoms and the possibility of outcomes all indicate that further attempts must be made in order to prevent HSA.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

[Familial infestation of Paragonimus westermani with peritonitis and pleurisy].

Human paragonimiasis was endemic in Korea until the 1960's, and nowadays, the prevalence is decreasing. However, it is still one of the important helminthic diseases. Though it is essentially a pulmonary disorder, it may involve brain, muscle, mesentery, genital tract, pleura, peritoneum, spinal cord, spleen, and liver. We experienced two cases of paragonimiasis in a family who had ingested raw crabs together for 7 months. A 57-year-old female patient was admitted due to abdominal pain, diarrhea and tenesmus for 6 months. And, her 35-year-old son complained of cough, chest discomfort and dyspnea. The definite diagnosis for paragonimiasis could be made by the detection of the egg and adult worm from stool, sputum and involved lesion. Neither an egg or worm was detected. However, they were diagnosed based on the food history, laboratory data including serum eosinophilia, ELISA for specific IgG, pleural and peritoneal fluid examination, radiological findings, and intradermal tests. They were treated with praziquantel and their symptoms improved rapidly over 2 days. Both patients were asymptomatic at a follow-up visit 2 months later.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of immunotherapy with Parietaria judaica: clinical efficacy and tolerance.

Allergy to Parietaria causes significant morbidity in most Mediterranean areas. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and tolerance of Parietaria depot extract at 25 BU/mL (1.5 microg/mL Par j 1). We performed a multicenter double-blind, placebo-controlled study in rhinitic patients with/without asthma, sensitized to Parietaria. 42 patients followed 20-month immunotherapy. Clinical efficacy was based on symptom and medication scores and the percentage of healthy days (days without symptoms or medication). Severity of asthma/rhinitis scales, visual analogue scale, evaluation of the treatment by doctors and patients, immediate and delayed cutaneous response and quality of life questionnaires were also studied. The active group showed a sustained decrease in symptoms (p = 0.008), medication (p = 0.009) and both (p = 0.001), and an increase in healthy days (p = 0.001) throughout the study, with a threefold increase of healthy days and almost a three time reduction in medication only after one year of treatment. Asthma and rhinitis severity scales also decreased after immunotherapy, and blinded clinical evaluation by physicians confirmed efficacy in 85% and 77% of the active patients. Patient's self-evaluation returned similar results. None of these changes were observed with placebo. Immediate cutaneous response was significantly reduced at the maintenance phase in the active group and remained reduced throughout the study. Late-phase response after intradermal testing also showed a statistical decrease in actively treated patients. Immunotherapy was well tolerated and every systemic reaction reported was mild. In conclusion, immunotherapy with Parietaria 25 BU/mL is an effective and safe treatment for patients with respiratory allergies.

Adolescent↗