Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Information Retrieval Systems”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,243 records · Page 69Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

EMBASE remains EMBASE--on every host? A comparative analysis of EMBASE on the hosts DATA-STAR, DIALOG, DIMDI, and STN.

Differing results of the same search request processed on different hosts led the authors to investigate this issue more thoroughly. Two authors, two journal titles, two drug names, and two topics of a general medical nature were retrieved under identical circumstances and conditions on the hosts DATA-STAR, DIALOG, DIMDI, and STN. Comparing the figures revealed that none of the nine search request produced an identical result on all hosts. Some of the search results differed only slightly, while the searches in the basic index produced considerable discrepancies.

Databases, Bibliographic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Digital image archiving: challenges and choices.

In the last five years, imaging exam volume has grown rapidly. In addition to increased image acquisition, there is more patient information per study. RIS-PACS integration and information-rich DICOM headers now provide us with more patient information relative to each study. The volume of archived digital images is increasing and will continue to rise at a steeper incline than film-based storage of the past. Many filmless facilities have been caught off guard by this increase, which has been stimulated by many factors. The most significant factor is investment in new digital and DICOM-compliant modalities. A huge volume driver is the increase in images per study from multi-slice technology. Storage requirements also are affected by disaster recovery initiatives and state retention mandates. This burgeoning rate of imaging data volume presents many challenges: cost of ownership, data accessibility, storage media obsolescence, database considerations, physical limitations, reliability and redundancy. There are two basic approaches to archiving--single tier and multi-tier. Each has benefits. With a single-tier approach, all the data is stored on a single media that can be accessed very quickly. A redundant copy of the data is then stored onto another less expensive media. This is usually a removable media. In this approach, the on-line storage is increased incrementally as volume grows. In a multi-tier approach, storage levels are set up based on access speed and cost. In other words, all images are stored at the deepest archiving level, which is also the least expensive. Images are stored on or moved back to the intermediate and on-line levels if they will need to be accessed more quickly. It can be difficult to decide what the best approach is for your organization. The options include RAIDs (redundant array of independent disks), direct attached RAID storage (DAS), network storage using RAIDs (NAS and SAN), removable media such as different types of tape, compact disks (CDs and DVDs) and magneto-optical disks (MODs). As you evaluate the various options for storage, it is important to consider both performance and cost. For most imaging enterprises, a single-tier archiving approach is the best solution. With the cost of hard drives declining, NAS is a very feasible solution today. It is highly reliable, offers immediate access to all exams, and easily scales as imaging volume grows. Best of all, media obsolescence challenges need not be of concern. For back-up storage, removable media can be implemented, with a smaller investment needed as it will only be used for a redundant copy of the data. There is no need to keep it online and available. If further system redundancy is desired, multiple servers should be considered. The multi-tier approach still has its merits for smaller enterprises, but with a detailed long-term cost of ownership analysis, NAS will probably still come out on top as the solution of choice for many imaging facilities.

Capital Expenditures↗
PubMed2004

Caseview_HUN: easy DRG overview.

Several hospital management tools are currently used by the DRG financial system. Each case is classified into a DRG group, so it is necessary to know the distribution of hospital or departmental cases into DRG groups, and to follow the variances of this distribution. The DRG's properties include the income and expenses related to each case. There are differences in the profitability of the cases, depending on their DRG. It is important to know own expenses and the recuperated costs for every case. There are several systems for data collecting and analysis in hospitals, depending on existing hospital information systems and management. We can, however, be sure, that a DRG data collection system works in every department, because it is the basis of assessing income. The tool, which is shown in this article, facilitates an overview of the DRG, presenting the hospital's or other healthcare provider's own data. These services are supported by a platform-independent, accessible Internet application.

Diagnosis-Related Groups↗
PubMed1995

Evaluation of an object-based data model implemented over a proprietary, legacy data model.

Most computerized medical information today is contained in legacy systems. As vendors slowly move to open systems, legacy systems remain in use and contain valuable information. This paper evaluates the use of an object model imposed on an existing database to improve the ease with which data can be accessed. This study demonstrates that data elements can be retrieved without specific programming knowledge of the underlying data structure. It also suggests that underlying data structures can be changed without updating application code. Programs written using the object model were easier to program but ran greater than one order of magnitude slower than traditionally coded programs. In this paper, the legacy information system is introduced, the methods used to implement and evaluate the object-based data model are explained, and the results and conclusions are presented.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed2002

A simple method of capturing PACS and other radiographic images for digital teaching files or other image repositories.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to develop an easy-to-use method of capturing and storing radiographic images. CONCLUSION: The method that we developed can capture any digital image-including an image from a picture archiving and communication system (PACS)-using widely available, inexpensive software. Our method is easy to learn, simple to use, and inexpensive to implement. It is adaptable in a wide range of networking environments and can capture and store images rapidly for a variety of uses. It can be used without interfering with clinical workflow at the PACS workstation.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

[JPIP-based wireless transmission and display of high resolution DICOM medical images].

This paper uses JPIP protocol to transmit and display high-resolution medical images through the wireless network. JPIP server extracts medical images from PACS system, transforms the format of medical images, and parses and recomposes the JPEG2000 codestream. Wireless PDA access and display DICOM medical images through accessing the JPIP server.

Computers, Handheld↗
PubMed1999

Transparent image access in a distributed picture archiving and communications system: the Master Database broker.

A distributed design is the most cost-effective system for small-to medium-scale picture archiving and communications systems (PACS) implementations. However, the design presents an interesting challenge to developers and implementers: to make stored image data, distributed throughout the PACS network, appear to be centralized with a single access point for users. A key component for the distributed system is a central or master database, containing all the studies that have been scanned into the PACS. Each study includes a list of one or more locations for that particular dataset so that applications can easily find it. Non-Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) clients, such as our worldwide web (WWW)-based PACS browser, query the master database directly to find the images, then jump to the most appropriate location via a distributed web-based viewing system. The Master Database Broker provides DICOM clients with the same functionality by translating DICOM queries to master database searches and distributing retrieval requests transparently to the appropriate source. The Broker also acts as a storage service class provider, allowing users to store selected image subsets and reformatted images with the original study, without having to know on which server the original data are stored.

CD-ROM↗
PubMed2005

[KIS-RIS-PACS integration: the Marburg approach].

When describing the development of data processing at the Department of Radiology at the Philipps University of Marburg, three phases can be identified covering the areas of patient care, education, and research as well as administrative and organizational aspects. The first phase (1987-1995) was centered on radiology and characterized by the early implementation of the radiology information system (RIS) and installation of a picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The experiences gained during this phase led to intensive discussion on application-oriented information processing. The second phase (1996-2000) describes the changes in the general framework brought by Internet technology and international standards. The course was set for the future of data processing in the hospital setting. The phase ended with implementation of a clinical workplace system (KAS) as the basis for a comprehensive electronic patient record and the switch in radiology to an integrated RIS solution. The third phase (2001-2006) addressed further implementation and development of clinical data management in which both regular documentation of patient data and information processing not related to patients are optimized by making use of Intranet/Internet technology. It includes the hospital wide implementation of PACS and the forthcoming phase of information processing increasingly shaped by workflow and decision support.

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed1993

CORDAT II: a new program for data acquisition and on-line calculation of hemodynamic and regional myocardial dimension parameters.

The present paper describes a new computer program for data acquisition and on-line evaluation of hemodynamic parameters. The hardware setup is based on a standard i486 personal computer equipped with an analog to digital converter and an additional display controller. During data acquisition the multitasking program automatically detects the beginning and the end of a cardiac cycle. Immediately after the recognition of a cardiac cycle the program calculates and displays user-defined hemodynamic parameters and mean values over a given time or a given number of beats. There is a high correlation between manually determined hemodynamic parameters and the parameters determined automatically by CORDAT II.

Aorta↗
PubMed1994

The professional workstation as enabler: conference recommendations. International Medical Informatics Association.

This paper reports on the Working Conference on Healthcare Professional Workstation sponsored by the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) and held in Washington DC, 14-16 June 1993. It sets forth the vision of a health care infostructure in which the workstation acts as enabler, giving professionals access to information when, where, and how it is needed. The paper explains upon the conference methodology and provides the conference cochairs' summary recommendations, both short- and long-term. These recommendations are based upon the work of five breakout groups, which addressed Functional Requirements, User Interfaces, Data and Knowledge Management, Processing, and Sharing and Communications. Presented in detailed and display formats, these summary recommendations address issues in the areas of architecture, linkages, evaluation, security, standards, education, and training. The paper also sets forth immediate next steps for the workstation initiative, including the formation of a formal IMIA Working Group on Workstations.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1994

Design and processing issues for the health care professional workstation: summary and recommendations.

The health care professional workstation is a window to a heterogeneous set of functions that need to be ported to various types of hardware for different types of users. Processing aspects, which belong with the interface, storage and communication, to the architectural dimension of the workstation should not be considered outside of a more comprehensive model including the user, function and time dimensions. Several recommendations, which could provide the appropriate environment for development and help maintain a viable approach as the variables change along the four dimensions of the workstation model, are proposed. They concern the adaptation of the enterprise infrastructure to integrate workstations, the need for a reference architecture for health care workstation development and recommendations for the evaluation and dissemination of results.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2002

HOWDY: an integrated database system for human genome research.

HOWDY is an integrated database system for accessing and analyzing human genomic information (http://www-alis.tokyo.jst.go.jp/HOWDY/). HOWDY stores information about relationships between genetic objects and the data extracted from a number of databases. HOWDY consists of an Internet accessible user interface that allows thorough searching of the human genomic databases using the gene symbols and their aliases. It also permits flexible editing of the sequence data. The database can be searched using simple words and the search can be restricted to a specific cytogenetic location. Linear maps displaying markers and genes on contig sequences are available, from which an object can be chosen. Any search starting point identifies all the information matching the query. HOWDY provides a convenient search environment of human genomic data for scientists unsure which database is most appropriate for their search.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1988

Measuring the accuracy of diagnostic systems.

Diagnostic systems of several kinds are used to distinguish between two classes of events, essentially "signals" and "noise". For them, analysis in terms of the "relative operating characteristic" of signal detection theory provides a precise and valid measure of diagnostic accuracy. It is the only measure available that is uninfluenced by decision biases and prior probabilities, and it places the performances of diverse systems on a common, easily interpreted scale. Representative values of this measure are reported here for systems in medical imaging, materials testing, weather forecasting, information retrieval, polygraph lie detection, and aptitude testing. Though the measure itself is sound, the values obtained from tests of diagnostic systems often require qualification because the test data on which they are based are of unsure quality. A common set of problems in testing is faced in all fields. How well these problems are handled, or can be handled in a given field, determines the degree of confidence that can be placed in a measured value of accuracy. Some fields fare much better than others.

Diagnosis↗
PubMed2003

Web-based PDA downloads for clinical practice guidelines and decision support tools.

The extraordinary volume of health-related information made available on the Internet comes at a high cost for effectively storing and accessing clinical information resources. Additionally, the ability to use critical patient care information is limited to the availability of computer access. Physicians and other health care professionals have readily adopted personal digital assistants (PDAs), also known as handheld computers, because the devices provide succinct critical patient care information at the point of need. Clinical practice guidelines available through the Internet for use with PDAs present health professionals, who have little time, with powerful information already formatted for point-of-care devices. This paper will review several strategies for finding and accessing point-of-care clinical information.

Computers, Handheld↗
PubMed1999

A CORBA-based object framework with patient identification translation and dynamic linking. Methods for exchanging patient data.

Exchanging and integration of patient data across heterogeneous databases and institutional boundaries offers many problems. We focused on two issues: (1) how to identify identical patients between different systems and institutions while lacking universal patient identifiers; and (2) how to link patient data across heterogeneous databases and institutional boundaries. To solve these problems, we created a patient identification (ID) translation model and a dynamic linking method in the Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) environment. The algorithm for the patient ID translation is based on patient attribute matching plus computer-based human checking; the method for dynamic linking is temporal mapping. By implementing these methods into computer systems with help of the distributed object computing technology, we built a prototype of a CORBA-based object framework in which the patient ID translation and dynamic linking methods were embedded. Our experiments with a Web-based user interface using the object framework and dynamic linking-through the object framework were successful. These methods are important for exchanging and integrating patient data across heterogeneous databases and institutional boundaries.

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed2004

Picture archiving and communication systems.

Picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) are highly versatile data storage and retrieval systems that facilitate the transfer of digital images and patient data throughout a healthcare enterprise. Typically, they process images from diagnostic imaging modalities and are interfaced to radiology information systems (RISs) and hospital information systems (HISs) to improve overall workflow. For this Evaluation, we tested six PACS from six suppliers. Ideally, a PACS should allow the healthcare facility to achieve a fully automated workflow, in which patient image data is shared seamlessly from one system to another within a single electronic medical record (EMR). Although our testing found that this ideal has not yet been completely realized, many of the evaluated systems have taken significant steps in that direction. This Evaluation was limited to radiology PACS; however, more and more facilities are considering single PACS solutions to cover the needs of all their imaging departments.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Clinical, scholarly & campus information hypertext tools at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center.

In conjunction with other researchers at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center (CPMC) we have developed a number of hypertext and free text retrieval computer applications aimed at an extremely diverse audience which includes students and faculty in a university setting as well as health care providers and patients in hospital and clinic settings. Hypertext and free text systems offer features which make them ideal for presenting information in a wide variety of contexts; however, they also have several major weaknesses which must be addressed before these applications can be useful tools. We have learned to maximize the strengths and minimize the weaknesses to present material in a manner that is individualized to the needs of each user from the research scientist in the lab to the patient at the bedside.

Academic Medical Centers↗