Pigmentation pattern of a black-and-tan (a1) in equilibrium black chimera.
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Animals↗
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Gene frequencies in the domestic cats of Reno, Nevada: confirmation of a recent hypothesis.
On the basis of a sample of 156 animals, allele frequencies for the cat population of Reno, Nevada have been estimated. Comparison of this population with populations of 22 other cities shows that Reno's cats are more similar to those of northeastern North America than to those in the southwest. This is consistent with a recent hypothesis that suggests there were two distinct European sources of North American cats, and that present gene pools in North American cities depend primarily on their history of early settlement.
Animals↗
Linkage group IV in the Syrian hamster: spontaneous seizure and jute.
It was shown that sz and J are closely linked and that the recombination frequency between these two genes is 7.41 +/- 2.91. It was also shown that J is not linked with markers in linkage groups I and III, and that sz is not linked with a marker in linkage group II. Therefore, linkage between sz and J is a new linkage group. Since only three linkage groups have so far been established in the Syrian hamster, linkage groups I, II and III, this new linkage constitutes linkage group IV.
Animals↗
Linkage group V in the Syrian hamster: cardiomyopathy and lethal gray.
It was shown that the cm and Lg genes, which are relatively closely linked, are not linked with markers in any of the four established linkage groups in the Syrian hamster. Therefore, the linkage between these two genes constitutes a new linkage group, LGV.
Animals↗
Melanin inhibitor: a dominant gene in the domestic cat.
Melanin inhibitor (symbol I) is shown to be inherited as a dominant to the wild type and independent of the albino locus. The gene inhibits the formation of melanin in the less intensely pigmented regions of the coat, namely, the agouti areas between the tabby pattern and the proximal portion of the hair. The only regions of the coat to retain pigment are the distal hair of the agouti areas and the tabby pattern. There is considerable variation in the expression of I, particularly upon a nonagouti background.
Animals↗
Genetic analysis of the black pigment mutation in the Mongolian gerbil.
The black pigment mutation of the Mongolian gerbil is inherited as an autosomal recessive and is not linked to the pigment mutation spotted (Sp). Black gerbils have deep glossy black coats, yellow perineal hairs, and small white patches under the chin and across the front feet. The black hairs are pigmented entirely with eumelanin including numerous cortical granules. The similarities between the black gerbil mutant and various black pigment mutations in mice area discussed.
Animals↗
Age-related pigmentation changes in the coats of allophenic mice.
Hair pigmentation and patterns of pigmentation change with age in the coats of BALB/cByJ in equilibrium C57BL/6J allophenic mice. These changes are particularly evident on the dorsum where there is an increase in the proportion of white areas at the expense of agouti and black areas. The most plausible explanation for these changes is that they represent a continuous selection for one of the two genotypes of cells from which the melanoblasts and hair follicles of these animals are derived.
Aging↗
XXY-trisomy identified by banding techniques in a male tortoiseshell cat.
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Animals↗
Inherited activation-inactivation of the star gene in foxes: its bearing on the problem of domestication.
A frequency of more than 10(-2) of the de novo appearance of piebald spotting (star) was established in silver-black foxes selected for domestic behavior. The star phenotype is determined by the autosomal semidominant gene S. Ten genealogical groups of foxes, in which star arose independently, were analyzed. Of these, the star character is determined by S alleles in at least seven groups. The S gene is located in a linkage group other than the earlier described W (Georgian white) locus. The star gene is incompletely penetrant, but its penetrance is significantly higher in offspring from tame mothers than from aggressive ones, or when S is received from a heterozygous vixen (Ss). There was a notable shortage of homozygous (SS) offspring from Ss X Ss crosses, which cannot be adequately explained by selective embryonic mortality, differential zygotic and gametic death, or transgression of homozygous and heterozygous phenotypes. Some foxes, proven carriers of a homozygous (Ss) genotype, showed the phenotype and mode of inheritance characteristic of heterozygotes (Ss). Presumably, the mechanism responsible of these observations is a heritable functional activation-inactivation of the star gene. Some implications of this concept in terms of destabilizing selection are discussed.
Animals↗
Association of megacolon with a new dominant spotting gene (Dom) in the mouse.
A new semidominant mutation in the mouse is described. In heterozygotes it produces white spotting and a deficiency of myenteric ganglion cells in the colon and, in homozygotes it is lethal prior to 13 days of gestation. The mutation, called dominant megacolon, symbol Dom, is located on chromosome (chr) 15, 20.6 +/- 1.6 units proximal to Ca. Hairy ears, Eh, a semidominant gene also on chr 15 is shown to have a suppressing effect on crossing over in this section of chr 15.
Animals↗
Mutant allele frequencies in domestic cats of Portugal and the Azores.
The genetic profiles of cat populations of mainland Portugal are basically similar to those of the adjacent Atlantic littoral. The profiles of Azorean populations, while relatively homogeneous among themselves, are strikingly different from the mainland. It is tentatively concluded that some form of selective migration was the most important contributing factor in establishing the differences.
Alleles↗
Coat variants in cats. Gametic disequilibrium between unlinked loci.
Examination of the extent and pattern of gametic disequilibrium between nine pairs of unlinked loci in four large samples of cats revealed large and consistent values. These observations appear inconsistent with either genetic drift or gene flow as causes of the disequilibrium. On the other hand, the extent of epistatic selection necessary to generate the majority of these values appears reasonable.
Animals↗
Similar pigmentation characteristics in the specific-locus and the mammalian spot test. A way to distinguish between induced mutation and recombination.
Animals with the same genetic constitution have similar pigmentation characteristics in both the specific-locus and the mammalian spot test. By microscopical analysis it is possible to distinguish between the following genotypes: a/a, p/p--light gray spots; a/a, d/d--gray spots; a/a, cch/c--light brown spots; a/a, b/b--brown spots; a/a, p cch/p cch--near-white spots; a/a, P C/P C--black spots. Near-white and black spots are presumed products of reciprocal recombination, especially if appearing simultaneously as a twin spot.
Animals↗
Gametic disequilibrium in cats: epistasis is an unlikely cause.
The cause of the statistically significant gametic disequilibrium observed between cat coat variants by Hedrick is unclear. Based on the analysis by Hastings, epistatic selection does not appear to be the primary explanation for the observed associations as I had previously concluded.
Animals↗
Equine linkage group II: phase conservation of To with AlB and GcS.
Blood type analysis of 29 foals in a paternal half-sib family verified linkage of five LGII loci (Es, E, To, Gc, Al). Population and parentage data from other tobiano-spotted horses suggested conservation of a tightly linked (To:GcS:AlB) marker complex.
Animals↗
Dominant white spotting in the Chinese hamster.
An autosomal dominant white spotting mutant is described for the Chinese hamster. The mutant gene is designated as dominant spot (symbol Ds). The homozygote DsDs is a prenatal lethal while the heterozygote Ds + displays white spotting. The expression of white is variable, ranging from a white forehead spot to extensive white on the body. The venter is invariably white. Growth appears to be normal and the fertility of both sizes shows no impairment.
Animals↗
Tabby pattern alleles of the domestic cat.
The status of genetic variation of tabby pattern in the domestic cat is reviewed. Three alleles of the tabby locus (T) have been identified, namely, Abyssinian (Ta), striped (T), and blotched (tb). Additional data are presented for the assortment of these alleles. The Abyssinian is incompletely dominant to the striped and blotched alleles, whereas striped is completely dominant to the blotched.
Alleles↗
Linkage of the satin and umbrous loci in the Syrian hamster.
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Animals↗