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At least 1,243 records · Page 69Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Munchausen syndrome and necrophilia.

Munchausen syndrome and necrophilia are uncommon disorders which do not appear to be related. It is suggested, however, that both of them center on "return to the womb" fantasies and may represent variants of each other. Specifically, the Munchausen patient's symptom triad (factitious illness, peregrination, pseudologia fantastica) is seen to reflect a wish for death and reunion with the maternal object.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMed1992

[Cumulative trauma caused by continued sadistic child abuse in a patient with chronic artefact disease].

A 37-year old female with borderline personality disorder, who had experienced the cumulative trauma of a history of sadistic child abuse by her mother, developed the symptomatology of chronic factitious illness after an operation necessitated by an accident injury. Relationships between chronic factitious disease and obsession, addiction, perversion and suicidal behaviour are discussed against the background of a literature review.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

An unusual case of orbital cellulitis.

Munchausen's syndrome, an unusual disorder related to malingering and hysteria, is occasionally seen by the ophthalmologist. Munchausen patients deliberately deceive and attempt to manipulate physicians 'through factitious signs and symptoms. They know they are acting, yet appear unable to control their actions. Unnecessary medical workups and inappropriate surgical interventions are common with this perplexing syndrome. An unusual case of orbital cellulitis that illustrates a number of these features is illustrated and the syndrome is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Factitious disease caused by secret administration of the oral anticoagulant phenprocoumon: study of 16 personal cases].

BACKGROUND: It is frequently difficult to disclose covert ingestion of cumarins being the underlying cause of a bleeding disorder. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We report on 16 cases (15 patients) of phenprocoumon (Marcumar) abuse. All patients (9 females, 6 males) were admitted to the hospital because of bleeding and/or prolonged thromboplastin times. Analysis of phenprocoumon in the blood was performed by HPLC. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The clinical presentation of the bleeding was highly variable. Thromboplastin times ranged from < 5 to 58%. With the exception of two patients with hepatic dysfunctions factor V activity was normal. All but one patient denied the ingestion of Marcumar. One patient died from hemorrhage. Two types of patients emerge from our series: Type I is the young nurse (8 cases), type II the usually male patient formerly treated with phenprocoumon (5 cases). Type I patients had long medical histories and showed autoaggressive behavior including the artificial manipulation of disorders other than hemorrhage. Thromboplastin times however were within or close to the therapeutic range (10 to 25%). Type II patients did not simulate other diseases in addition to hemorrhage. Thromboplastin times were longer than in type I patients. In all instances discrimination between non suicidal and suicidal behaviour was difficult. Psychiatric consultance is indicated.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1999

Upper airway function and dysfunction in respiration.

1. The upper airway not only provides a passage for air to be breathed in and out of the lungs, but it also heats, humidifies and filters the air and is involved in cough, swallowing and speech. 2. The complex muscle structure of the upper airway that produces speech and swallowing in humans also modulates respiratory airflow throughout the respiratory cycle, but is vulnerable to functional problems that may compromise respiration. 3. Even in normals, there is some collapse of the upper airway and increased upper airway resistance during sleep. 4. A substantial proportion of people suffer from obstructive sleep apnoea, in which the collapse of the upper airway is so great that respiration is compromised to the extent that arousal from sleep is required to restore adequate ventilation; the resulting disturbed sleep and hypoxia produce daytime sleepiness and neuropsychological and cardiorespiratory morbidity. 5. Functional abnormalities of the larynx can also occur, including prolonged inspiratory laryngeal dysfunction, brief upper airway dysfunction and expiratory laryngeal dysfunction or factitious asthma.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

Dermatitis artefacta induced in a patient by one of her multiple personalities.

A young woman suffered for 5 weeks with an inexplicable, severe dermatitis limited to her left arm. During hospitalization it was found that she had multiple personalities, one of whom had been applying the leaves of the poison ivy plant each night to her left arm, using 'his' gloved right hand. The factitial nature of the dermatitis was further documented by the fact that when the 'responsible personality' was cut off from supplies of poison ivy in the hospital, 'he' produced factitious haematomas by trauma to her left hand. Although this appears to be the first report of dermatitis artefacta associated with the multiple personality disorder, it is suggested that psychiatric study of other dermatitis artefacta patients might reveal the presence of unsuspected occult multiple personalities, responsible for skin lesions that patients cannot explain.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Munchausen's syndrome.

Munchausen's syndrome is a chronic condition in which patients with factitious illness present with dramatic and sometimes self-inflicted signs and symptoms. Much investigation is needed to delineate the etiology and psychodynamics of this disorder. After other causes for the patient's condition have been ruled out and a firm diagnosis is made, cautious confrontation with long-term psychotherapy, if the patient is amenable, is thought to be the best approach.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Mental disorders associated with multiple sclerosis].

HISTORY: Findings are reported in 4 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and various mental disorders which were directly associated with the underlying disease, with disease-related increased vulnerability, were a reactive response or had occurred independently of the MS. CASE 1: A 53-year-old woman with MS for 24 years developed cognitive disorders with markedly impaired quality of life. CASE 2: A 44-year-old man with MS for 8 years had depression and felt suicidal. CASE 3: A 58-year-old woman with MS for 35 years suffered from both depression and symptoms of a compulsive-obsessive disorder. CASE 4: A 19-year-old woman with MS for 2 years was treated by a psychiatrist for the first time when she developed acoustic hallucinations and suicidal ideation during cortisone treatment. DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND COURSE: CASE 1: The progressive mental disorder was classified as manifestation of the chronic progressive MS: it was treatment-refractory. CASE 2: The patient underwent psychotherapy as both an in- and out-patient. His depression was thought to be reactive and improved well under this treatment, despite the deterioration of the MS, requiring him to use a wheel-chair. CASE 3: The compulsive-obsessive symptoms persisted during medication for depression, for which she then received behavioral treatment. CASE 4: The initial symptoms of hallucination and suicidal ideation ceased when cortisone was stopped. A diagnosis of borderline personality was made, based on her continuing symptoms of impaired impulse control, abnormal affect, distorted self-image, a feeling of inner emptiness, agitation with suicidal tendency and factitious injuries. The renewed occurrence of acoustic hallucinations and suicidal tendency occurred independently of cortisone treatment and was interpreted as expression of inflammatory disease activity, but differential diagnosis had to consider the patient s personality disorder, too. CONCLUSION: Mental disorders in patients with MS are manifold and their causes are complex. It is important to recognize these associated diseases and initiate individualized treatment, because they considerably impair the patients quality of life.

Adult↗