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PubMed1979

Elbow arthrography.

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Cartilage, Articular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extrinsic and intrinsic ligaments of the wrist: normal and pathologic anatomy at MR arthrography with three-compartment enhancement.

The ligaments of the wrist have been demonstrated with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging by many authors. Distinction has been made between the extrinsic, or radiocarpal and ulnocarpal, ligaments and the intrinsic, or intercarpal, ligaments. The stability of the wrist depends on numerous ligaments: The volar ligaments are important stabilizers of the wrist, whereas the dorsal ligaments are less crucial for wrist stability. An MR imaging protocol that demonstrates these structures with high resolution has been developed. Cadaveric wrists are imaged with a spoiled gradient-recalled-echo volume-acquisition technique with fat suppression after three-compartment enhancement with a contrast agent containing gadolinium. The specimens are then sectioned, and the anatomic and pathologic findings are correlated with the findings on the MR images. The extrinsic and intrinsic ligaments of the wrist are clearly demonstrated with this technique. This protocol was designed for anatomic study and promotes understanding of the anatomy and biomechanics of the wrist; it is not intended for clinical use.

Angiography↗
PubMed1986

Inferior joint space arthrography of normal temporomandibular joints: reassessment of diagnostic criteria.

Inferior joint space arthrograms of the temporomandibular joints of 31 healthy volunteers (62 joints) were obtained to determine normal arthrographic findings. The superior margin of the anterior recess was smooth and flat in 68% of the joints and concave in 32% with the subjects' mouths closed. The concavity was the result of the anterior ridge of the meniscus impinging on the contrast material. The concave impression could be distinguished easily from an anteriorly displaced meniscus on videotaped studies, which demonstrated a smooth transition of contrast material from the anterior to the posterior recess during opening of a subject's mouth. With the mouth open, the anterior recess decreased in size, appearing as a small, crescent-shaped collection of contrast material anterior to the head of the condyle in 52 joints (84%); it remained large in ten joints (16%) at maximal mouth opening. The configuration of the posterior recess was identical to that described previously; however, with the subjects' mouths closed, it was larger than the anterior recess, contrary to most previously reported results.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Temporomandibular joint arthrography following surgical treatment of internal derangements.

Arthrograms of the temporomandibular joint were obtained in 20 symptomatic joints that had previous reconstructive arthroplasty with disk repositioning because of internal derangements. Preoperative arthrograms were available for comparison in 18 joints. Symptoms resulting in a postoperative arthrogram included pain, limited ability to open the mouth, and clicking of the joints. Postoperative arthrographic findings included limited anterior translation of the condyle (90%), irregularity in outline of the intraarticular contrast agent (60%), a conical configuration of the posterior recess (25%), decreased size of the joint (28%), anterior displacement of the meniscus (25%), and perforated meniscus (15%). Many of these findings may have resulted from fibrosis and scarring, which may be a response to intraarticular bleeding. The mechanism by which the fibrosis causes the postsurgical arthrographic features is discussed.

Adult↗