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At least 1,225 records · Page 68Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

The effect of supine and lateral positions on intra-arterial pressure in hypertensive pregnancies.

The effect of posture of blood pressure remains controversial, perhaps due to the subjective nature of indirect blood pressure measurements and the disturbing influence of environmental impulses at the time of measurement. In this study intra-arterial blood pressure was recorded directly in seven toxemic gravid women in an environment with a low impulse level. There were short-term fluctuations of up to 25 mm. systolic and 15 mm. diastolic. The effect of changes in position on blood pressure was not constant and the differences were small. The effect on blood pressure of changing the environment by talking to the subject was impressive and the difference was more than twice the largest posture-induced difference.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1995

Plasma neurotransmitters, blood pressure, and heart rate during supine-resting, orthostasis, and moderate exercise conditions in major depressed patients.

Major depressed patients showed greater heart rate, noradrenaline, and free-serotonin values than normal. Conversely, platelet-serotonin values in major depressed patients were significantly lower than normal. Patients registered the normal differential blood pressure reduction during orthostasis. They also revealed progressive and significantly higher heart rate rises during orthostasis and exercise periods, when compared to normals. Whereas noradrenaline showed maximal rises during the two last periods, adrenaline only showed small but significant increase during exercise. The analysis of correlations, together with the above data, suggests that major depressed patients register maximal neural sympathetic activity as well as adrenal glands sympathetic hypoactivity. In addition, these patients show hyperparasympathetic activity, as reflected by the free-serotonin profile. Finally, the fact that both the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the self-rating Beck Depression Inventory correlated positively with noradrenaline/adrenaline ratio and free-serotonin values strongly suggests that both neural sympathetic and cholinergic mechanisms are involved in major depression.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1977

A comparison of central venous pressure and pleural pressure in supine dogs.

Respiration induced changes in central venous pressure were analyzed and compared with intrapleural pressure changes in dogs. During normal breathing intrapleural pressure changes were transmitted to the vena cava with distortion consisting of attenuation, addition of cardiac and mean pressure components, and a slight temporal delay. Attenuation and temporal delay increased in a regular manner as mean central venous pressure increased. Cardiac components could be removed by electronic filters. The presence of these distortions suggest the need for caution in interpreting intrapleural pressure changes from central venous pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

An experimental study of instability during supination and pronation of the fractured scaphoid.

Rotatory instability of scaphoid fractures was studied by a method not used previously. On two fresh specimens the scaphoid bone was fractured by osteotomy, and the fracture was fixed by a Hoffmann apparatus extending from the distal radius to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd metacarpals. This permits free rotation in the forearm. The scaphoid fragments were marked by Kirschner wires. No movement occurred between the fragments when supination/pronation was kept within the normal range of movement.

Cadaver↗
PubMed2004

Supine orientation of a murine MHC class I molecule on the membrane bilayer.

Structural studies of cellular immune receptors such as MHC molecules, T cell receptors (TCR), and TCR/MHC complexes have been carried out with recombinant, soluble forms of the extracytoplasmic domain of these glycoproteins. The important role of the membrane bilayer in T cell recognition and antigen presentation has become increasingly obvious with the description of lipid microdomains. These rafts appear to regulate recognition and signaling by clustering receptors and facilitating the formation of the immune synapse. However, the interactions and orientation of these receptors at the lipid bilayer are unknown. We have used H-2K(b), a major-histocompatibility (MHC) class I molecule, and tethered its soluble domain to a lipid bilayer via a surrogate connecting peptide to reveal the disposition of MHC molecule on the membrane surface. We demonstrate that the long axis of the MHC molecule is approximately parallel to the plane of the membrane with the peptide binding pocket close to the membrane surface. This result was determined by analyzing 4.5A resolution electron crystallographic projection data from frozen-hydrated 2-dimensional crystals. Ionic interactions between the lipid headgroup and the protein appear to be responsible for this orientation, which could establish a "fourth dimension" during MHC/T cell receptor interactions critical for activation.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Catch-up growth of supine length/height of very low birth weight, small for gestational age preterm infants to adulthood.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze linear growth of very low birth weight (VLBW), small for gestational age (SGA; < 10th percentile) preterm infants from birth as to catch-up or no catch-up growth. STUDY DESIGN: VLBW SGA preterm infants (n = 46) with primarily symmetric intrauterine growth restriction from the Bonn Longitudinal Study were compared with 62 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) VLBW preterm and 73 term infants and with their parents. RESULTS: Forty-six percent of VLBW SGA (21 of 46) had complete height catch-up by adult age, and most became taller than target height (TH) (15 of 21; 71%). The others did not catch up; most of them remained shorter than TH (18 of 25; 72%) after initial catch-up followed by catch-down growth. Mean adult height z-score was lower than that for birth length. Mean body mass index was similar in the catch-up and no catch-up groups (21.8 and 21.3, respectively) and lower than in the controls (23.2). Approximately 1/2 of the head circumference (HC) catch-up children achieved height catch-up as well. CONCLUSIONS: Height catch-up extended beyond age 6 years, independent of HC growth. We could not predict height catch-down or successful catch-up.

Adolescent↗