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At least 1,225 records · Page 68Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Obstetric conjugate diameter (conjuata vera obstetrica). New results obtained via ultrasonic measurements during pregnancy (author's transl)].

The obstetric conjugate diameter can be measured by means of ultrasonic devices, particularly those with slow production of the ultrasonic image (Kretz and others). The mean value of the conjugata vera obstetrica was 11.7 cm in the 382 measurements conducted by the authors. With 7.85% of the measurements, the obstetric conjugate diameter was below 11.0 cm. This means that a narrowed pelvis due to a shortened obstetric conjugate diameter was a relatively frequent occurrence, basing on a biparietal pelvic diameter of 10 cm at the time of delivery. During pregnancy and repeat pregnancy, no clinically significant increase of the obstetric conjugate diameter can be found. Ultrasonic examination is very suitable as a screening method to detect and identify complications in the mechanism of birth well in time before the onset of labour. The technique can be acquired relatively easily. Measurements are reproducible at any required rate, and will not disturb or molest the pregnant women. It does not involve any radiological load. Nevertheless, ultrasonic examination cannot be considered as the full successor to the x-ray film. In particular, lateral x-ray examination is still important in case of clinical suspicion of a "long pelvis" (according to Kirchhoff) or the rare forms of contracted pelvis, if a complication of the birth mechanism cannot be excluded despite normal obstetric conjugate diameter.

Dystocia↗
PubMed1978

Management of breech presentation and delivery.

Vaginal delivery of a fetus in breech position carries a risk three times that of vertex delivery. Patients must be carefully selected for vaginal delivery. The position should be that of a frank breech; the child should not be excessive in size; the mother's pelvis should be normal, and there should be no other complications of pregnancy. The fetal heart rate should be carefully monitored throughout labor. When patients with breech position are carefully studied, about two-thirds will be delivered by cesarean section.

Breech Presentation↗
PubMed1980

Rupture of the pregnant uterus.

Ninety-three incidents of uterine rupture are reviewed. There is a distinct difference in both the fetal and maternal outcome between the group with a previously scarred uterus and the group with no previous scarring. Rupture of the unscarred uterus is a more dramatic event. The most common etiologic factors appear to be oxytocin, cephalopelvic disproportion, grand multiparity, and abruptio placentae. Abruptio placentae was diagnosed in almost half the maternal deaths. When the uterine tear is longitudinal, the maternal and fetal prognosis is relatively poor. Fetal mortality is much higher in patients with an unscarred uterus. Hysterectomy was more commonly performed in this group. Rupture of a previously scarred uterus is usually incomplete and the tear is transverse. Maternal and fetal prognosis is much better and repair of the uterus with sterilization is more often feasible in this situation.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1978

Obstetric care in a rural population.

The results of a survey of a rural population requiring obstetric care are presented. It was found that 56,6% of this population had significant risk factors which warranted hospital delivery. A plea is made for the provision of more 'waiting mothers' areas', especially by provincial hospital authorities, to overcome the problems of communication experienced in rural areas. It is concluded that 85% of patients at risk can be detected by meticulous antenatal screening and be admitted to such waiting areas before the onset of labour, with a consequent improvement in perinatal and maternal mortality rates. The need for the provision of adequate postnatal facilities is discussed, and comments are made regarding the implications of the survey with regard to staff utilization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Analysis of 100 cesarean section with indication of cephalopelvic disproportion].

A retrospective analysis on the 100 cases cesarean section with indication of cephalopelvic disproportion was carried out in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, From March to October in 1992, there were 73 cases were performed operation with correct diagnosis and management, another 27 cases were required further discussion, such as too early intervention of the delivery in laten phase in 8 cases, improper observation and management in active phase in 19 cases. Therefore we suggest that the diagnosis of cephalopelvic disproportion should be carefully after observation in labor stage and sufficiently trials of labor. It may decrease the rate of cesarean section and increase the obstetric quality.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[The induction of labor by prostaglandin F2alpha Clinical, tocographic and electrohysterographic study].

Induction of labor was performed in 65 patients by intravenous infusion of PgF2alpha. 55 patients were near term and induction made electively. 5 cases failed. No correlation was found between the stade of the cervix and the probability of success nor the length of the induction time. PgF2alpha induced labor needs to be closely monitored (electronical pumps and monitoring) because of the risk of hypertonus. With such a technique the side effects are minimal and no undesirable consequences were observed concerning either the mother or the child. During the course of this investigation a study was performed for the first time of the electrical activity of the human myometrium subjected to PgF2alpha stimulation. (26 recordings through the extra-amniotic intrauterine technique). The pattern of this activity is quite similar to spontaneously occuring alectrical activity.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1976

[The "narrow pelvis". Disproportion as a cause of complications for mother and infant during labor (author's transl)].

The modern examination methods for the recognition and supervision of high risk births in the area of perinatology have led to a real decrease in newborn morbity and mortality. Since, however, optimal conditions have not been reached at present, there is an urgent need for a wide reaching intensification of prospective diagnostic measures. The early recognition of disturbances in the mechanism of labor is the most important. The author shows on the basis of the most recent literature and his own experience that, even today, factors involved with the mechanics of labor play a chief role in disturbances during the course of labor which have unfavorable effects on the infant as well as the mother. The various irregularities were discussed in detail and supported with statistics. The importance of pelvic roentgenographic diagnosis was discussed in a separate section. The tremendous gains for mother and infant resulting from clarification were compared with the cited, but not confirmed, damage caused by these measures.

Birth Weight↗