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At least 1,225 records · Page 68Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Surgical treatment for ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the cervical spine.

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a degenerative disease of the spine, usually found in the cervical vertebrae. Most symptomatic patients present with a myelopathy or myeloradiculopathy. Surgical decompression is the preferred treatment. The choice of operative approach, anterior or posterior, is still controversial. From January 1986 to June 1992, 20 patients with this condition received operations at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. The clinical manifestations and the results of treatment are analysed. The ideal surgery seems to be the anterior approach with bone fusion. If, however, the OPLL involves more than three segments, the posterior approach with an expansive laminoplasty would be the better alternative technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Prevention of heterotopic ossification (HO) after total hip replacement: randomized high versus low dose radiotherapy.

In a prospectively randomized study 60 hips at high risk for heterotopic ossification (HO) received prophylactic radiotherapy (RT). Randomization was performed between a low dose (LD-RT) of 5 x 2 Gy (arm A: 32 patients) and a high dose (HD-RT) of either 10 x 2 Gy (arm B1; 8 patients) or 5 x 3.5 Gy (arm B2; 20 patients). Relevant patient and risk factors were equally distributed in both treatment arms. 4 (7%) patients developed treatment failures. A short delay of RT after postoperative day (POD) 4 was significantly correlated with failure (p < 0.001). The results suggest no difference in prophylactic efficacy between LD-RT and HD-RT treatment. 2/19 (11%) patients receiving additional diphosphonates and 2/18 (11%) on no medication failed RT treatment, but none on indomethacin did so. In conclusion, immediate postoperative RT has been shown to be an effective prophylactic treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Heterotopic ossification in a finger following head injury.

A case of digital periarticular heterotopic ossification is described. Such cases are extremely rare and diagnosis may be delayed. Spasticity, possibly in association with minor trauma, may contribute to the development of the process. Little experience exists of the management of such problems and a mobile joint may be difficult to achieve.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1985

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

Two non-Japanese patients with ossification of the cervical posterior longitudinal ligament were described. This abnormality is very common in Japan, but rare in non-Japanese people. The reason is unknown. Although the disease appears to be generally asymptomatic, it can cause a myelopathy. The clinical picture, the diagnostic important X-ray examinations and the histopathological findings are revealed. The similarity to the vascular pattern in the lumbar spine in cases of intermittent neurogenic claudication is noted.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Manifestation of multifocal heterotopic ossifications with unusual locations as a complication after severe burn injury.

Heterotopic bone formation is a well-known but rare complication after burns and other traumatic injuries. Pathology, aetiology, progression and management remain controversial. Joint immobilization in concert with an altered metabolism and aggressive physical therapy are suspected to be the cause of heterotopic bone formation. The most frequent sites of manifestation are major joints and large muscle groups. The formation of disseminated large ossifications in soft-tissue and juxta-articular bone bridges of small joints is barely mentioned in the literature. A case of most unusual, massive heterotopic bone formation as a complication after severe burn is presented. In this patient serious complications after the severe burn injury primarily attracted clinical attention, so that diagnostic measures were delayed. Four months later after successful weaning from ventilation, the patient could describe his sites of pain. The therapeutic options were limited because of extensive and unusual localizations. This case emphasizes the necessity of an early and specific radiological diagnosis in long-term ventilated patients to avoid this serious complication.

Burns↗
PubMed1992

Heterotopic para-articular ossification of the proximal interphalangeal joint.

A 24-year-old woman sustained a closed head injury. She regained consciousness over a 2-month period but heterotopic ossification developed around both elbows and the proximal interphalangeal joints of her left ring and long fingers. The new bone was allowed to mature and was subsequently resected from both elbows and the fingers with substantial improvement in function. There is no clear explanation for the formation of such heterotopic bone.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Indomethacin for prevention of heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Twenty-four patients (29 hips) undergoing total hip arthroplasty were routinely given 75 mg of indomethacin daily for 4 weeks after operation and reviewed radiographically for heterotopic ossification (HO) for a minimum of 6 months. A comparison group of 25 patients (27 hips) without indomethacin treatment was formed and studied in the same manner. This group of patients received the usual postoperative analgesic treatment, which is diclofenac sodium twice daily parenterally for 5-10 days. The indomethacin group also received the same treatment. In the indomethacin group no patient had grade II, III, and grade IV HO and the incidence of grade I HO was 31% (nine patients). In the comparison group one patient (3%) had grade I, three (11%) grade II, and eight (30%) grade III HO. These findings suggested that indomethacin effectively prevented higher grades of HO following total hip arthroplasty. Two patients not included in the study had gastrointestinal bleeding and recovered after withdrawal of the drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Heterotopic ossification in total hip arthroplasty. The influence of the approach.

The effects of lateral approaches for total hip arthroplasty on heterotopic bone formation were studied in 264 patients with primary osteoarthritis. The Hardinge approach was used in 82 patients, the transtrochanteric approach in 94, and the Liverpool approach in 88. The incidence of heterotopic ossification was 42%. A severe form of bone formation occurred five times more in the Liverpool approach than in other two approaches.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Heterotopic ossification following uncemented total hip arthroplasty. Effect of the operative approach.

A consecutive series of 112 primary uncemented total hip arthroplasties using the same type of prosthesis was reviewed for the incidence and severity of heterotopic ossification (HO). Sixty-three of these patients underwent a posterior approach (group 1) and 49 underwent an anterolateral approach (group 2). The two groups were virtually identical when risk factors, such as age, sex, estimated blood loss, length of surgery, and diagnosis were compared. Patients in group 1 had a significantly lower incidence and severity of HO than those in group 2. The overall incidence of class III or IV HO was very low (8%), indicating that uncemented total hip arthroplasty in itself is not predisposed to moderate or severe degrees of HO. Patients undergoing uncemented total hip arthroplasty through an anterolateral approach had a higher incidence of HO than those undergoing a posterior approach in this series.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Heterotopic ossification in Guillain-Barré syndrome: incidence and effects on functional outcome with long-term follow-up.

OBJECTIVE: To define the incidence, effects on functional abilities, and possible causation of heterotopic ossification (HO) in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) patients admitted for inpatient rehabilitation. DESIGN: Long-term prospective study on neurologic and functional outcome of GBS patients admitted for rehabilitation. SETTING: Rehabilitation department, inpatient and outpatient, within a university-affiliated medical center. PARTICIPANTS: All GBS patients admitted for rehabilitation and followed for a minimum of 3 years. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Presence of HO, factors that may be etiologically significant, and effects on functionality. Data included: medical interventions, Disability Grading Scale, need for assisted ventilation, electrodiagnostic findings, autonomic function, standard neuro-musculo-skeletal evaluation, and hospital length of stay. RESULTS: Four (6%) of 65 patients had HO, 24 of whom required mechanical ventilation. All had decreased range of motion in the involved hips that affected mobility. CONCLUSIONS: Even though it has been rarely reported, HO does occur in GBS and affects functional outcome.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2006

External beam radiation helps prevent heterotopic bone formation in patients with a history of heterotopic ossification.

The aim of this study was to determine if radiation prevents heterotopic ossification (HO) in HO-forming patients after total hip arthroplasty (THA) or HO excision alone. Patients with HO in the ipsilateral hip (63 treated with THA revision and 25 treated with HO excision alone) and HO in the contralateral hip (36 treated with primary THA) were termed HO-forming patients. They underwent radiation to prevent HO. After excluding patients with inadequate follow-up, 84 patients were studied to determine if radiation prevents significant HO (Brooker Grade 3-4). For patients with ipsilateral hip HO, 12.3% developed significant HO. In patients with contralateral hip HO, 10.5% developed significant HO after THA. Sixty percent who received 6 Gy in 3 fractions after excision of ipsilateral HO developed significant HO, which was higher than for all dose-fractionation schemes combined (P = .01). In contrast, patients who received 7 Gy in 1 fraction developed significant HO 13.8% of the time, which was equivalent to all dose-fractionation schemes combined (P = not significant). Radiation prevents HO in HO-forming patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

The incidence of heterotopic ossification after cementless total hip arthroplasty.

The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of heterotopic ossifications (HOs) after total hip arthroplasty in Japanese patients and the predisposing factors associated with this condition. One thousand hips of 885 patients undergoing cementless total hip arthroplasties were examined with respect to the incidence and severity of HO; the data analysis was conducted by using the univariate and multivariate methods. The overall incidence of HO was 5.2%, with severe HO in 0.9% of the patients. A significant increase in the frequency of HO was observed in patients with ankylosed hips (odds ratio, 11.1; 95% confidence interval, 2.5-49.9), hypertrophic osteoarthritis (odds ratio, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-5.9), and with a particular type of prosthesis used (ceramic-on-ceramic vs ceramic-on-polyethylene) (odds ratio, 2.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-4.8).

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Heterotopic ossification in a throwing athlete after elbow arthroscopy.

A case of heterotopic ossification occurring after elbow arthroscopy in a young, healthy, throwing athlete is reported. The heterotopic bone caused a loss of motion post-arthroscopy in the patient and was confirmed with plain radiographs and bone scan. Twenty-two months after elbow arthroscopy, the patient underwent an open excision of the heterotopic bone. He returned to competitive throwing the next season. While this complication is rare after such minimally invasive procedures, this entity should be considered in the differential diagnosis in the throwing athlete who is unable to recover full range of motion after elbow arthroscopy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

BMP-2 liberated from biomimetic implant coatings induces and sustains direct ossification in an ectopic rat model.

INTRODUCTION: Using a rat model, we evaluated the kinetics and histomorphometry of ectopic bone formation in association with biomimetic implant coatings containing BMP-2. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One experimental and three control groups were set up: titanium-alloy discs coated with a biomimetically co-precipitated layer of calcium phosphate and BMP-2 [1.7 microg per disc (incorporated-BMP group)]; uncoated discs (control); discs biomimetically coated with a layer of calcium phosphate alone (control); and discs biomimetically coated with a layer of calcium phosphate bearing superficially adsorbed BMP-2 [0.98 microg per disc (control)]. Discs (n = 6 per group) were implanted subcutaneously in rats and retrieved at 7-day intervals over a period of 5 weeks for kinetic, histomorphometrical, morphological and histochemical analyses. RESULTS: In the incorporated-BMP-2 group, osteogenic activity was first observed 2 weeks after implantation and thereafter continued unabated until the end of the monitoring period. The net weekly rates of bone formation per disc were 5.8 mm3 at 2 weeks and 3.64 mm3 at 5 weeks. The total volumes of bone formed per disc at these junctures were 5.8 mm3 and 10.3 mm3, respectively. Bone tissue, which was formed by a direct ossification mechanism, was deposited at distances of up to 340 microm from the implant surfaces. The biomimetic coatings were degraded gradually, initially by foreign body giant cells alone and then also by osteoclasts. Forty percent of the coating material (and thus presumably of the incorporated BMP-2) remained at the end of the monitoring period. Hence, 60% of the incorporated BMP-2 had been released. At this 5-week juncture, no bone tissue was associated with any of the control implants. CONCLUSION: BMP-2 incorporated into biomimetic calcium phosphate coatings is capable not only of inducing bone formation at an ectopic site in vivo but also of doing so with a very high potency at a low pharmacological level, and of sustaining this activity for a considerable period of time. The sustainment of osteogenic activity is of great clinical importance for the osseointegration of dental and orthopedic implants.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed2026

Myeloma engraftment suppresses osteocytic ossification signatures rescued by loading in mice and reveals predictors of patient outcome.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell disease inducing osteolytic lesions by disrupting bone homeostasis, fostering catabolic and suppressing anabolic functions. While the impact on osteoblast generation and function is well documented, alterations of osteocyte function and extracellular matrix (ECM) are not yet fully understood. Thus, using a syngeneic mouse model of MM by injecting MOPC315.BM cells intratibially into BALB/c mice (n&#x202f;=&#x202f;95), we performed transcriptomic profiling of an osteocyte-enriched population and identified a mechanosensitive matrisomal gene signature, which was disrupted by tumor engraftment. Non-invasive tibial loading restored the expression of 94 ECM-associated genes, including collagens, fibronectin, and aggrecan. Cross-species integration with RNA-seq data from 387 MM patients revealed eight ECM-related genes whose expression correlated with overall survival (VEGFA, BCAN, FGF13, TNFSF8, SDC1, LAMC1, SEMA3A, and CCL2). Four of these genes (Vegfa, Sdc1, Sema3a, Ccl2) were also load-responsive in a murine osteocyte (IDG-SW3 cells) bioreactor model. Our findings indicate that an existing mechanosensitive osteocytic repair program is suppressed by MM cells, which can be reinvigorated via a brief single loading session. It suggests that exercise-based interventions may be beneficial to restore bone mass through endochondral ossification programs in patients with MM.

Bone disease↗
PubMed2003

[Endometrial ossification: about one case].

The ossification of the endometrium is a rare disease. The common feature in most reported cases is previous history of abortion with retention of foetal bones. However, the physiopathology is unknown. Clinical presentation may include secondary infertility as well as chronic inflammation of endometrium. About one recent observation and with help of publications, we will discuss physiopathology, symptomatology and therapeutics of this disease.

Abortion, Induced↗