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[Penetrating wounds of the chest].

The authors report on 116 chest wound cases. The initial death rate is very high--47.41%. A knife wound is the most common cause (83.64%). Among casualties brought in alive, pure thorax wounds predominated (67.21%) followed by thoraco-abdominal wounds (26.23%) and cervico-thorax wounds (6.56%). Post-mortems attribute death to the seriousness of visceral lesions with the heart wounded in over 41.81% of the cases. The seriousness of chest wounds is stressed, as is the need for full and rapid therapy.

Abdominal Injuries↗

A case of left hypoglossal neurapraxia following G exposure in a centrifuge.

Isolated hypoglossal (XIIth cranial nerve) neurapraxia is a rare clinical presentation. We present a case of an isolated hypoglossal neurapraxia following exposure to +7.2 Gz in a human centrifuge. Although a variety of cervical spine injuries have been reported as a result of G exposure in an aircraft, no cranial nerve injuries have been reported. A review of the literature of isolated hypoglossal neurapraxia is presented with discussion of the probable cause of this nerve injury.

Adult↗

An analysis of the nature of injury in fractures of the neck of the femur.

The nature of the injury was prospectively studied in 216 consecutive patients with femoral-neck fractures. Of the 77.8% of injuries which occurred at 'home', 62.9% were the result of tripping or losing balance, and most (60.9%) occurred while walking on a level surface. Patients in whom the femoral neck fractured at home while getting up or sitting down, and those who tripped or lost their balance had greater mental impairment and less capacity for self-care. It is suggested that more emphasis should be placed on safety in the home and in the provision of simple aids to those at risk.

Accidental Falls↗

Bilateral anterior cerebral artery infarction resulting from explosion-type injury to the head and neck.

A 43-year-old woman suffered a blast-type injury to the head and neck. She subsequently developed bilateral internal carotid artery occlusion and bilateral anterior cerebral artery infarction not demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging scan 24 hours after the explosion, but confirmed by a second scan 8 days after the explosion. In patients with blast-type injury to the head and neck who develop coma with a nonfocal neurological exam, the possibility of bilateral carotid artery occlusion and bilateral ischemic infarction should be considered.

Accidents, Home↗