Current concepts in the diagnosis of systemic mycoses.
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Between July 1973 and June 1981 systemic fungal infections were found in 27 of 270 autopsies of patients with hematologic malignancies: in 16 aspergillosis, in 6 candidiasis, in one aspergillosis and candidiasis, and in 4 mucormycosis. The frequency increased from 6% during the first 6 years to 25% during the last 2 years (p = 0.025). Fever despite antibiotics and new pulmonary infiltrates were the major symptoms. In only 6 of 16 patients did microbiological findings support the clinically suspected diagnosis. Systemic fungal infections were the principal cause of death in 12 patients. Because of the difficulty of establishing the diagnosis, empiric antimycotic therapy should be started promptly on clinical suspicion in patients with neutropenia and fever despite antibiotics.
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As has become evident from an interview of 161 patients affected by vaginal mycosis, the subjective experience of the disease must be seen in relation to the sociopsychological problems involved. Assumed negative reactions to the disease in the patient's social environment as well as fear and uncertainty regarding the aetiology of the disease make it hard for the patient to accept her disease, which would surely favour a steadfast therapeutic behaviour. For the gynaecologist the finding of a "vaginal mycosis" represents an unproblematic affection since it is easily controllable with antimycotics. The result of this different approach to the disease by doctor and patient is non-compliance of the vaginal mycosis patient: the patient goes to see her doctor soon after the appearance of complaints, but tends to terminate treatment prematurely when the subjective complaints subside, in order to avoid a further confrontation with the disease. An adequate, short-term treatment of vaginal mycosis, the course of which is supervised both clinically and microbiologically, thus appears to be the right way of solving the problem of non-compliance.
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