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Results for “HANDEDNESS”

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At least 1,225 records · Page 68Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Fifty centuries of right-handedness: the historical record.

A survey of more than 5000 years of art work, encompassing 1180 scorable instances of unimanual tool or weapon usage, revealed no systematic trends in hand usage. The right hand was used in an average of 93 percent of the cases, regardless of which historical era or geographic region was assessed.

Art↗
PubMed1994

Handedness: basic physics.

In the News & Comment article "Genetic testing set for takeoff" by Rachel Nowak (22 July, p. 464), Michael Liskay of Oregon Health Sciences University in Portland should have been named as the senior scientist on one of the teams that identified MLH1. The test for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease detects the duplication of the PMP22 gene, not a deletion, as stated in the table accompanying the article (p. 466).

Magnetics↗
PubMed1993

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of motor cortex: hemispheric asymmetry and handedness.

A hemispheric asymmetry in the functional activation of the human motor cortex during contralateral (C) and ipsilateral (I) finger movements, especially in right-handed subjects, was documented with nuclear magnetic resonance imaging at high field strength (4 tesla). Whereas the right motor cortex was activated mostly during contralateral finger movements in both right-handed (C/I mean area of activation = 36.8) and left-handed (C/I = 29.9) subjects, the left motor cortex was activated substantially during ipsilateral movements in left-handed subjects (C/I = 5.4) and even more so in right-handed subjects (C/I = 1.3).

Brain Mapping↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Left handedness.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Functional Laterality↗
PubMed1993

Genetic variation in paw preference (handedness) in the mouse.

Lateralization of paw preference in laboratory mice in a single-paw reaching task has been used as a model system for left- and right-hand usage. Given a set number of paw reaches for food from a centrally placed food tube, an individual mouse will exhibit a reliable number of left and right paw reaches. Within any single inbred strain, there are approximately equal numbers of left-pawed and right-pawed mice. Nevertheless, significant strain differences have been reported for the degree of lateralization of paw preference. We report here a systematic survey of paw preference in 12 inbred strains of the mouse in which the degree of lateralization falls into two groups of weakly lateralized and highly lateralized paw preference. The genetic inference is that a single major gene may control some function, and alternate alleles at this locus are expressed as weakly and highly lateralized paw preference. Reciprocal crosses indicate the trait is additive with no maternal or X-linked effects. The direction of paw preference has previously appeared to be genetically neutral, but in some strains there is evidence of significant deviation of the numbers of mice to the left and right of equal paw usage, independent of degree of lateralization, and this suggests that direction of left-right paw usage may be a separate genetic trait in the mouse model.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Handedness: dominant arm advantages in control of limb dynamics.

Recent findings from our laboratory suggest that a major factor distinguishing dominant from nondominant arm performance is the ability by which the effects of intersegmental dynamics are controlled by the CNS. These studies indicated that the dominant arm reliably used more torque-efficient patterns for movements made with similar speeds and accuracy than nondominant arm movements. Whereas, nondominant hand-path curvatures systematically varied with the amplitude of the interaction torques transferred between the segments of the moving limb, dominant hand-path curvatures did not. However, our previous studies did not distinguish whether dominant arm coordination advantages emerged from more effective control of dynamic factors or were simply a secondary effect of planning different kinematics. The purpose of this study was to further investigate interlimb differences in coordination through analysis of inverse dynamics and electromyography recorded during the performance of reaching movements. By controlling the amplitude of intersegmental dynamics in the current study, we were able to assess whether systematic differences in torque-efficiency exist, even when differences in hand-path shape were minimal. Subject's arms were supported in the horizontal plane by a frictionless air-jet system and were constrained to movements about the shoulder and elbow joints. Two targets were designed, such that the interaction torques elicited at the elbow were either large or small. Our results showed that the former produced large differences in hand-path curvature, whereas the latter did not. Additionally, the movements with small differences in hand-path kinematics showed substantial differences in torque patterns and corresponding EMG profiles which implied a more torque-efficient strategy for the dominant arm. In view of these findings we propose that distinct neural control mechanisms are employed for dominant and nondominant arm movements.

Adult↗