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At least 1,225 records · Page 68Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Dermatological manifestations of synovial cysts of the lower limbs (author's transl)].

Two cases of synovial cysts of the knees are reported. Thier emergeing point located far away from the joint they originate from can make the diagnosis be difficult. Puncture allows to remove synovial fluid and to inject a radio-active iodine compound to realise a cystography. The radiography of the joint demonstrates an already existing joint disease. The atypical aspects of synovial cysts are emphasized on the basis of then two cases such as pseudo-phlebitic, pseudo-arteritic, inflammatory and fistulised. The presentation of synovial cysts of the legs is frequently dermatological. The diagnosis must be suspected in order to avoid a dermatological biopsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Molecular basis of dermatologic disease.

Dermatology is evolving from a discipline based on morphologic observation and empiric treatments to a more creative, active medical specialty that emphasizes specific treatments based on a growing collection of cellular an molecular information about skin and skin disease. Sound, respectable work is being done. We should do whatever is possible to encourage further productivity. A recent meeting sponsored by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization provided a forum for the scientist-dermatologist to summarize and survey what is known about the molecular basis of the function of skin and pathophysiologic disorders of skin. The meeting necessarily included articles on inflammation, connective tissue, immunology, photobiology, and other disciplines woven into dermatology research. We are beginning to understand the integument, and our modest success shows that much more is to be done an that we are enlisting impressive tools and good people to pursue the work.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Dermatologic uses of interferons.

Interferons are members of the cytokine family, with diverse antiviral, antiproliferative, antifibrotic, and immunomodulatory activities. Over the past 10 years, interferon use in clinical dermatology has extended beyond its historical antiviral efficacy. In this article, FDA-approved indications and non-FDA-approved dermatologic uses of interferons are reviewed.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Dermatological manifestations in a tropical training environment: emphasis for the general medical officer.

Cutaneous disease in the tropical training environment will be of concern for the medical officer assigned to ensure the health of soldiers participating in training. A review of all "sick calls" recorded during deployment to the Jungle Operations Training Center at Fort Sherman, Panama showed that 50% of the medical complaints were dermatologically related. This should emphasize the need for medical officers to have significant dermatologic knowledge and appropriate supplies.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

[Glucocorticoids for dermatologic disorders].

It is a characteristic feature in the dermatologic field that topical corticosteroid is one of the most important treatments in addition to systemic corticosteroid therapy. Therefore, physicians who try to treat dermatologic disorders must understand the principles for the choice of therapy and basic methods of topical usage. Basic schedules to use corticosteroids for the treatment of autoimmune bullous diseases, collagen diseases including systemic lupus erythomatodes and related diseases, and vasculitis are described. Practical aspects of topical corticosteroids for various skin disorders are also introduced. Although corticosteroid therapy is the most effective for inflammatory skin diseases, it must be kept in mind that this therapy is only anti-symptomatic and the true cause for the skin disorder must be found.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1994

Lasers used in dermatology.

This review introduces the various lasers available for the treatment of dermatological conditions. The applications of various lasers used in dermatology, including the carbon dioxide, argon, Q-switch Nd:YAG, ruby, dye and metal vapour lasers are discussed. We present our experience with the use of the carbon dioxide laser, flashlamp pulse-dye laser and Q-switch Nd:YAG laser in the National Skin Centre, Singapore. Our experience indicated that the lasers if used selectively are useful tools in the management of numerous skin disorders. The carbon dioxide laser is a versatile tool, useful for vaporizing or destroying skin lesions. The treatment of vascular or pigmented (melanin) lesions requires lasers that emit wavelengths corresponding to the absorption spectrum of haemoglobin or melanin respectively. Choosing the right laser gives optimal cosmetic result whereas the wrong lasers can lead to a less satisfactory result and even severe scarring. It is important to note that there is no single laser system that is versatile enough to be used to treat all skin disorders. To provide full coverage in the treatment of skin disorders, a laser centre has to be equipped with many different laser systems. This makes using lasers in the treatment of skin disorders very expensive.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Why don't we use vitamin E in dermatology?

OBJECTIVE: To review the possible uses of topical and systemic tocopherols as therapy for skin conditions in light of the widespread use of vitamin E by patients. DATA SOURCES: Index Medicus was searched for articles published from 1922 (when vitamin E was discovered) to 1966 (the beginning of MEDLINE). MEDLINE was searched for articles in English and French on vitamin E or tocopherol in relation to dermatology. Additional original articles were identified from the reference lists of the review articles. STUDY SELECTION: Only well-designed controlled studies were accepted; anecdotes and open studies are cited for completeness and as direction for future research. DATA SYNTHESIS: There was some weak or conflicting evidence that vitamin E is of value in yellow nail syndrome, vibration disease, epidermolysis bullosa, cancer prevention, claudication, cutaneous ulcers, and collagen synthesis and wound healing. It was of no use in atopic dermatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, psoriasis, subcorneal pustular dermatosis, porphyrias and skin damage induced by ultraviolet light. CONCLUSIONS: After 44 years of research there is still scant proof of vitamin E's effectiveness in treating certain dermatologic conditions. Further research in well-designed controlled trials is needed to clarify vitamin E's role.

Connective Tissue Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Echography applied in dermatologic diseases. A comparative preliminary study of the use of high-frequency transducers].

Ultrasonography (US) was first used in dermatology in 1979. During the last few years, US has evolved thanks to technological progress and its use has been on the increase, in dermatology, to study both localized and diffuse skin diseases. In this paper, the authors review and compare the results obtained with a 20 MHz transducer with those obtained with 7.5 MHz and 10 MHz transducers in the study of skin alterations. Three parameters were considered: lesion identification, spatial evaluation and US structure. Fifty-eight cases of localized and 48 of diffuse skin diseases were examined. The localized forms were benign in nature in 18 patients (3 nevi, 2 seborrheic keratoses, 3 ulcus cruris cases, 6 sebaceous and 2 liquid cysts). The other 40 patients had malignant neoplastic lesions (16 epitheliomas, 13 primitive melanomas, 1 metastatic melanoma, 8 lymphomas and 2 Kaposi's sarcomas). The 48 cases of diffuse conditions included 27 systemic sclerosis, 18 psoriasis and 3 lichen planus cases. The comparative analysis of the results obtained using the different types of transducers in the study of localized dermatoses showed no differences in lesion identification and in the depiction of their US features. On the other hand, the 20 MHz transducer was much more accurate than the others as regards the spatial evaluation of the lesions measurable in millimeters, whereas it poorly demonstrated the lesions > 1.5 cm. However, only the 20 MHz transducer could demonstrate the US features of diffuse conditions.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1977

[Photoallergy: results of photo patch testing in dermatological patients (author's transl)].

150 patients with light sensitivity of unknown aetiology were photo patch tested at the 2nd Department of Dermatology University of Vienna. 22 patients showed photoallergy. The identified photoallergens were mostly halogenated salicylanilides and other phenolic compounds. These substances are used as antimicrobials in soaps and cosmetics and as antimycotics in dermatological preparations. Four of the patients showed allergic contact photosensitivity to chlorpromazine. In two patients a new photoallergen has, perhaps, been discovered, namely a derivative of phthalic acid which is employed as fungicidal pesticide. The problems and consequences of photoallergy are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Isotretinoin in dermatologic practice].

In dermatology Isotretinoin has been used for 16 years in cases of serious clinical forms of acne resistant to common therapy. This paper presents actual knowledge on pharmacokinetics of isotretinoin, mechanisms of its action, side effects, the newest clinical indications for its application in acne therapy and other possible indications in the contemporary dermatology.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

Dermatological presentation of disease associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: a report of two contrasting cases and a review of the literature.

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated disease (AAD) constitutes a pathological disease spectrum of a necrotizing vasculitis of small- and medium-sized vessels, extravascular granuloma formation, and necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis, and also a clinical disease continuum which ranges from renal-limited disease to a widespread systemic vasculitis, including Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis. In the latter, circulating ANCA are an aid to diagnosis and also may play a pathogenic part. Two contrasting patients with AAD are described, both of whom presented primary with dermatological features. These included a cutaneous purpuric vasculitis, orogenital ulceration, infarction of the fingertip, and pyoderma gangrenosum-like ulceration. These cases will familiarize dermatologists with both the concept and dermatological features of AAD.

Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic↗
PubMed1996

[Use of argon laser in dermatology].

The authors have been using an argon laser at the Department of Dermatology of Pécs Medical University School for two years. They summarise their cosmetically good therapeutical effects on the 373 patients treated with different dermatological diseases. They refer to that the different laser instruments have their own indications, in well defined diagnoses, but slight coincidences are known. After the correct diagnose and so the correctly chosen type of the laser instrument good result could be reached.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Psychiatry and dermatologic neoplasms: results of an experimental study].

Psycho-oncology has developed during the past decades in the area of medical oncology directly involved in the study of the psychological aspects of cancer. In this study the authors focused in particular on the psychopathological complications of dermatological cancer, the discovery of a possible history of psychiatric disorders prior to the diagnosis of the tumour, the predictive value of the latter concerning further psychiatric complications during cancer, and lastly the possible correlations between stress and the onset of cancer and between religious belief and adaptive strategies. A total of 30 patients suffering from dermatological neoplasia were examined within the setting of a Psychiatric Liaison Service. HDRS and STAI X-1 and 2 were used as psychodiagnostic aids to evaluate the level of depression and anxiety, together with an interview for the clinical evaluation of the patient ad possible life events of particular importance. It was found that 10% of patients conformed to the criteria for the diagnosis of dysthymia and 10% for adaption disorders, and that there was also a high rate of pathological values for status anxiety (66%). These results show that this type of disease is particularly subject to risk for psychiatric complications.

Female↗
PubMed1996

[Results of treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer in a dermatologic practice. A prospective study].

The study was carried out to determine the results of treatment of a cohort of patients with histologically verified non-melanoma skin cancer diagnosed and followed prospectively for two years in a private practice of dermatology. Throughout the follow-up period, any new non-melanoma skin cancers among this cohort were recorded. Six hundred and forty-six consecutive patients seen in the Dermatology Clinic, Vesterbro 99, Aalborg, Denmark, from July 1, 1990, to June 30, 1993, had a total of 768 tumours that were histologically verified as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma or Bowen's disease. Six hundred and twenty-eight tumours in 526 patients were treated in our clinic, 91% of these with curettage followed by electrocautery. Hundred and twenty patients with a total of 140 tumours were referred to a local hospital for treatment. Thirty-six of the 508 basal cell carcinomas treated in the clinic recurred during the follow-up period, and one mixed tumour (basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma) recurred. During the follow-up period, 151 new non-melanoma skin cancers were detected. In addition, 10 patients each developed 10 or more new tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Dermatology quality of life scales--a measure of the impact of skin diseases.

Patient-generated dermatology quality of life scales (DQOLS) were developed to assess the impact of skin conditions on patients' psychosocial state and everyday activities. The items were derived from the self-reported impacts of their skin condition by 50 dermatology out-patients. The resulting 17 psychosocial items and 12 activities items were assigned five-point scales and self-completed by 118 out-patients. Factor analyses grouped the items into four psychosocial subscales (embarrassment, despair, irritableness, distress) and four activities subscales (everyday, summer, social, sexual). Tests of the psychometric properties indicated that the internal consistency of responses was high, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients of 0.92 for the 17 psychosocial items and 0.83 for the 12 activity items. Assessment of reliability based on 41 psoriasis patients attending phototherapy treatment identified good short-term test-retest reliability, with intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.84 for both the psychosocial and activities scales. Construct validity was confirmed by the ability of the scales to identify clinically expected differences and their greater sensitivity to the impacts of skin problems compared with a widely used generic health status measure. The DQOLS thus form a robust measure of patient-perceived impacts. They were quickly self-completed and provide information that complements traditional clinical indicators. These scales should assist in informing treatment decisions by identifying impacts of different skin conditions and variations in responses among social and cultural groups, as well as guiding priorities for services within the specialty.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1996

Factors affecting responses on Dermatology Life Quality Index items among vitiligo sufferers.

Finlay and Khan have recently suggested that the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) can be used to measure the effects of dermatological conditions on the quality of patients' lives. The aims of this study were to assess its applicability in a nonclinic sample of vitiligo sufferers and to measure its relationship with questionnaires designed to measure a variety of psychological and demographic factors. The DLQI was completed by 614 members of the Vitiligo Society in a postal survey. The results supported the validity of the DLQI for this sample. DLQI scores were related to perceived stigma (a version of Ginsburg and Link's psoriasis stigma questionnaire), recent experiences, self-esteem (Rosenberg's scale), personal distress (both a symptom checklist and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire) and race, suggesting that levels of disability might be reduced by interventions that target these variables.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dermatologic problems in the elderly.

Age-related skin changes place older adults at risk for a variety of dermatologic problems, ranging from xerosis, or dry skin, to malignant melanoma, a life-threatening condition. Primary care providers must differentiate rashes caused by fungal infections, eczematous conditions, viral infections, drug reactions, and other common causes in this age group. Providers should be familiar with dermatologic therapy that may involve topical preparations, oral medications, and surgical methods. In addition, patient education about symptom treatments, skin hygiene, and preventive measures can greatly improve the clinical condition and quality of life of older adults.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Dermatological laser treatment. A review of therapeutic possibilities and equipment].

Laser light is monochromatic light that is delivered either in order to perform a precise thermal destruction of specific skin components or in order to ablate skin in an unspecific, but highly controlled way. Optimal dermatological laser treatment requires carefully selected laser wavelengths for specific indications. It is recommended that laser treatment of vascular lesions such as naevus flammeus and haemangiomas is carried out in early childhood. In laser treatment of benign, pigmented lesions it is important to distinguish between epidermal and dermal lesions, since treatment response as well as optimal laser wavelengths depend on this subclassification. The treatment of tattoos is undertaken by different laser types, of which the most optimal can be selected by skin reflectance measurements. Novel fields of indications for dermatological laser therapy are verrucae vulgares, erythematous hypertrophic scars, undesired hair growth, and wrinkled, photoaged facial skin.

Humans↗