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Results for “Cytoprotection”

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PubMedDate not supplied

Dynamics of nonprotein and protein sulfhydryl compounds in rat gastric mucosa: possible implication for cytoprotection and ulcerogenesis.

The hypothesis that nonprotein and protein sulfhydryls in gastric mucosa may play some role in the defensive and offensive processes of gastric epithelium was tested in this study in the intact rat gastric mucosa. Both sulfhydryl compounds presented statistically significant changes during the 24-hour day. The content of nonprotein sulfhydryls was less during the dark span than during the light span, while the circadian acrophase of protein sulfhydryls occurred during dark span. These results may offer a new interpretation of the greater vulnerability to ulcerogenic agents of the gastric mucosa of rats during their usual activity span.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

ABCG2 (BCRP): a cytoprotectant in normal and malignant stem cells.

ABCG2 is a member of the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) family of cell surface transport proteins. ABCG2 is expressed in many types of primitive repopulating cells, and may be a marker of tumor stem cells. The physiologic role of ABCG2 seems to be excretion of genotoxic substances from the body and from primitive repopulating cell populations. A unifying hypothesis is presented, linking the expression of ABCG2 in normal and malignant stem cells with a physiologic role for protection of stem cells. Future studies will explore the possible role of ABCG2 in tumor stem cells and how this may influence the selection of new cancer therapeutic strategies.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Mem↗
PubMed2006

[Cytoprotective effects of heat shock protein-70 in bronchial epithelium against neutrophil elastase-induced cell injury].

BACKGROUND: Neutrophil releases several mediators during inflammation, including neutrophil elastase (NE) that impairs bronchial epithelial function. The stress response and stress proteins protect cells against a variety of cytotoxic conditions. Accordingly, we tested the hypothesis that bronchial epithelial heat shock protein (Hsp-70) would protect a NE-induced cell injury. METHODS: Bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) obtained by bronchial brushing under bronchoscopy were cultured and used for experiments. Expression of Hsp-70 in BECs was confirmed by Western blot and flowcytometric analysis. To test Hsp-70 in BECs, induction of Hsp-70 protein into BECs was carried out by liposome-based delivery system. Introduction of Hsp-70 into BECs were examined by direct fluorescence microscope examination and flowcytometric analysis. NE-induced cytotoxicity was evaluated by cell culture supernatant LDH assay and cell detachment assay. RESULTS: Higher expressions of Hsp-70 were observed in BECs, which were induced by sodium arsenite. Over expression of Hsp-70 in BECs reduced NE-induced cell injury. Introduction of Hsp-70 protein into BECs by liposomal delivery decreased LDH release, and inhibited necrosis and apoptosis of the cells by NE as compared to untreated control. CONCLUSION: These data suggested that Hsp-70 in BECs may inhibit NE-induced airway epithelial damage. Liposomal delivery of Hsp-70 into BECs may be a possible means of protecting bronchial epithelium against inflammatory airway diseases including acute and chronic bronchitis.

Bronchi↗
PubMed2006

Expression and inducibility of cytoprotective heat shock proteins in the bone marrow of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome: correlation with disease progression.

We determined the intracellular expression and inducibility of heat shock proteins (Hsps) 72, 73 and 27 in the bone marrow of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and controls. Hsps were overexpressed in MDS marrow especially in advanced disease, providing resistance to induction of apoptosis. These data suggest that Hsps could be implicated in the progression of MDS to acute myeloid leukemia.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1991

Early graft injuries after pancreatic transplantation in syngeneic rats. Cytoprotective effects of gabexate-mesilate.

Failures in experimental and human pancreatic transplantation are mainly attributable to rejection, graft thrombosis, and technical problems. There are, however, problems related to other causes, such as preservation injuries, which we found to exhibit, at least within the first 6 h, the same histological patterns seen in experimental acute pancreatitis. We performed pancreatic transplantation in 110 syngeneic rats under different preservation techniques and administration of gabexate mesilate, a synthetic protease inhibitor. The results showed that antiprotease treatment reduces graft preservation injuries significantly.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Lack of vitamin E cytoprotective effects on indomethacin-induced gastric lesions.

The ability of vitamin E to protect the gastric mucosa from the ulcerogenic effect of indomethacin was assessed in male rats. A single administration of vitamin E to rats increased levels of vitamin E in fundus (80%), antrum (130%), duodenum (450%), liver (450%), and plasma (230%) in comparison to vehicle treated rats. Oral administration of 30 mg/kg indomethacin to rats previously treated with vitamin E (100 mg/kg), vitamin E-stripped corn oil (vehicle), or to sham pretreated rats induced similar cumulative length and score of gastric lesions in the three groups of animals. These results suggest that, if vitamin E functions as a chain breaking antioxidant, lipid peroxidation is not involved in the pathogenesis of acute gastric mucosal injury caused by indomethacin.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Lack of effect of verapamil and MDL 646, a cytoprotective PGE1 analogue on cyclosporin A nephrotoxicity in vitro.

Nephrotoxicity is the most troublesome side effect of cyclosporin A (CSA) therapy. In vitro studies have shown that verapamil and PGE analogues can protect human and rat kidney allografts and murine pancreatic B cells from CSA cytotoxicity. The LLC-PK.1 pig kidney cell line has recently been shown to be a use-ful in vitro model system for studying CSA nephrotoxicity. We have adopted the MTT assay to assess the effects of CSA on LCC-PK.1 cell growth and have examined the effects of verapamil and MDL 646, a cyto-protective PGE1 analogue, on CSA nephrotoxicity. The results show that neither compound prevents the cytotoxic effects of CSA on kidney cells.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1990

Computer-automated structure evaluation of gastric antiulcer compounds: study of cytoprotective and antisecretory imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and -pyrazines.

A quantitative structure-activity relationship study of a set of antiulcer compounds has been performed using the computer-automated structure evaluation methodology. Computer-automated structure evaluation identified cyanomethyl and hydroxymethyl functionalities, substituted in the 3-position of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine and -Pyrazine, as descriptors relevant to antisecretory activity. The phenoxy group at the 8-position and the methyl group at the 2-position were shown to be sterically involved in the activity. A parabolic relationship was observed between the antisecretory activity and the logarithm of the partition coefficient of the compounds. Thus, hydrophobicity is found to be a necessary criterion for the inhibition of acid secretion. An attempt has been made to provide a rationale for designing a more potent antiulcer agent in this series of congeneric compounds.

Animals↗