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At least 1,225 records · Page 68Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Scleral stretch incision for cataract surgery. A technique for no-suture closure and control of astigmatism.

The scleral stretch incision for cataract surgery by phacoemulsification is a three-plane, multiwidth corneal incision. It is a refinement of the scleral pocket incision. It uses the elasticity of scleral tissue for insertion of a standard (6.0 mm) poly(methyl methacrylate) intraocular lens (IOL) through a smaller (4.5 mm) incision. The technique also allows spontaneous wound closure without a suture. Advantages of the scleral stretch incision technique are an efficient, watertight entry into the eye for phacoemulsification and IOL insertion and no-suture closure. Early clinical observations indicate that the scleral stretch incision minimizes surgically induced corneal astigmatism.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed1991

Combined relaxing incisions and epikeratophakia for the correction of aphakia and high postkeratoplasty degree astigmatism.

A combined surgical procedure consisting of corneal relaxing incisions and epikeratophakia was used to correct high-degree postkeratoplasty astigmatism and aphakia in two patients. Both patients achieved their final refractive result as soon as 1 month after suture removal (2 and 3 months after surgery, respectively). Keratometric readings showed a reduction of approximately 20.00 diopters in one case and 10.00 D in the other, while the spherical equivalent changed from +10.00 D to +0.50 D in one eye and from +7.50 D to +1.75 D in the other. Spectacle correction was prescribed for both patients. At the last follow-up visit, about 2 years after surgery, these values were unchanged. The main advantage of the combined technique over two separate procedures was that postoperative visual rehabilitation was faster. Equally important was the stability of the refractive result over a long period of time after surgery, as well as the absence of negative effects on the preexisting corneal graft. In spite of the technical complexity of a combined surgical procedure, this approach probably represents the best choice in rare cases such as the ones reported here.

Aphakia↗
PubMed1990

[Results of transverse incisions in surgical correction of severe post-keratoplasty astigmatism].

Results of a clinical study concerning 40 consecutive cases of high post-keratoplasty astigmatism corrected by the transverse keratotomy technique are presented and analysed. The protocol was determined for each case by keratometry and a qualitative analysis of the anterior corneal topography. The mean preoperative cylinder was 8.60 +/- 2.31 D. The mean postoperative cylinder was 4.79 +/- 1.82 D. The mean cylinder change was 4.40 +/- 2.92 D. In a majority of cases the corrected visual acuity (for distance and reading vision) was improved. There was no change in the spherical equivalent value. The main drawback of the procedure is its poor predictability. The procedure is effective in this indication and relatively safe.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Epidemiology of myopia, astigmatism, anisometropia].

Elements of epidemiology concerning myopia, astigmatism and anisometropia are still uncertain. Meanwhile, a certain number of means concerning the evolution presence and the importance of these ametropias can be proposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Blindness following retrobulbar anesthesia for astigmatic keratotomy.

Retrobulbar anesthesia has become the most common form of anesthesia used in ophthalmic surgery. Acute blindness is a rare but known complication of retrobulbar anesthesia given for intraocular surgery. I report a case of acute, permanent blindness caused by direct trauma to the optic nerve when retrobulbar anesthesia was used for an astigmatism correction procedure. Complications, sometimes probably too incidental or insignificant to be noticed, probably occur far more frequently than a review of the literature would indicate. Using dull shorter needles, proper eye positioning, and injection technique will minimize risk of injury to the optic nerve. Another alternative under review is the use of peribulbar anesthesia. Perhaps the best way to prevent a complication from a retrobulbar injection, however, is to carefully and judiciously consider whether any injection at all is needed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Radial keratotomy as the method of choice in the optical correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism].

The paper analyses literature data and personal observations concerning the usage of radial keratotomy as a method of choice for correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism. It is pointed out that till now some rather important aspects of the usage of this operation are not yet comprehensively elucidated. To these aspects belong contraindications to the operation, its late sequelae, peculiar manifestations of age pathology in the eyes after keratotomy and a number of other questions. The author considers that such patients should receive a rather detailed information on the possible complications and outcomes of the operation, in particular on those negative points which are already known. The traditional and surgical methods available in ophthalmology should be regarded not as alternative ones, but as supplementing each other, i.e. as methods of choice.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed1978

Repair of corneal wounds and the elimination of astigmatism.

The modern management of corneal incisions and lacerations, in addition to their accurate repair, necessarily includes the prevention or subsequent correction of induced astigmatism and axial errors. This is yet another important aspect of the new and burgeoning field of refractive corneal microsurgery.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed1988

An evaluation of the Hyde surgical astigmatic ruler.

The Hyde Ruler, a semi-quantitative intraoperative keratometric device, was compared with the Bausch and Lomb keratometer by taking 50 paired measurements of induced astigmatism on a model cornea. The correlation between the two instruments was 0.884, and regression of the Hyde Ruler estimates on the Bausch and Lomb keratometer readings produced a slope of 0.732 with an intercept of -0.150 D. From the regression equation, a correction was applied to the Hyde Ruler estimates, resulting in 68.2% of the latter falling within 1.22 D or less of the Bausch and Lomb readings. We consider this accuracy to be acceptable for a semi-quantitative intraoperative keratometer, and should allow appropriate suture tensioning during cataract surgery to aid in early visual rehabilitation of the patient.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed1986

High degrees of astigmatism: are hydrogels the answer?

A bilateral compound hyperopic astigmat, with-the-rule, with incipient presbyopia and refractive amblyopia fitted with toric (custom) soft lenses in a monofit mode is described. Shortly after wearing the hydrogel toric lenses the patient developed a severe allergic reaction from a thimerosal based saline, which eventually resolved.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Astigmatism and the Flieringa ring.

Routine use of a Flieringa ring in conjunction with a large corneal section for intracapsular or extracapsular surgery facilitates more accurate wound closure and can significantly decrease the amount of postoperative astigmatism.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed1986

Correction of residual astigmatism on an against-the-rule cornea of moderate toricity.

The use of prism ballasting and toric base curves are both commonly cited means of stabilizing lens orientation, although it is rare that both are necessary in the same lens. Base curve cylinder has an optical effect as well as a stabilizing effect, and this can be utilized to advantage under specific circumstances. This report presents a case which emphasizes the benefit of combining these two techniques of stabilization in a rigid lens design and also illustrates the utilization of the toric base curve in compensating residual astigmatism.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Irregular astigmatism in patients with anterior membrane dystrophy (map-dot-fingerprint type).

Irregular astigmatism, the clinical manifestation of corneal warpage, was evaluated as a cause of decreased visual acuity in 24 patients with anterior membrane dystrophy (map-dot-fingerprint type). Qualitative ophthalmometry demonstrated corneal warpage in 20 of the patients. The best corrected visual acuity was improved with contact lenses over that achieved with spectacles in 14 of the 20. This appeared to confirm corneal warpage to be an important cause of decreased visual acuity in patients with anterior membrane dystrophy. Although the long-term use of contact lenses may be limited by these patients' tendency to corneal epithelial erosion, 18 of the 24 patients in this series had been wearing contact lenses and tolerating them well.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Relaxing keratotomy for post-keratoplasty high astigmatism.

Seventeen patients underwent relaxing keratotomy for post-keratoplasty high astigmatism (range 8.5 to 18.0 diopters). The mean reduction in cylinder was 7.53 (+/- 3.13 SD) diopters, with a range from 2.5 to 11.5 diopters. There was a trend toward a more myopic spherical equivalent of 1.69 (+/- 2.29 SD) diopters with a range of 0.43 diopters of flattening to 5.5 diopters of steepening. Perforations occurred in two patients, but none had a permanent negative outcome.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed1980

Relaxing incision for control of postoperative astigmatism following keratoplasty.

A new technique has been presented which provides a second surgical approach to correct excessive residual astigmatism following keratoplasty. The relaxing incision procedure has advantages over wedge resection in that it can be performed at the slit lamp, it gives no initial overcorrection, and it has a much shorter postoperative course while giving rapid results without suturing. Since this technique does not appear to produce significant hyperopia and may produce a tendency toward myopia, the corneal surgeon would thus have alternative techniques from which to choose, depending, in part, on the spherical component of the refraction.

Astigmatism↗