Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ADENOIDECTOMY”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,225 records · Page 68Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The underdeveloped palate in ear, nose and throat practice.

The purpose of this study is to assess the incidence of palatal underdevelopment in children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Signs of underdevelopment were found in 24 out of 1,500 consecutive children admitted for tonsil and adenoid surgery (1.6%). Bifid uvula was found in 15 children (1%). Five palates showed deficiency in length or thickness (0.33%) and submucous cleft palate was found in 4 children (0.27%). The palatopharyngeal sphincter was often compensated and adequate. Middle ear diseases attributable to Eustachian tube dysfunction, with or without infection, was found in the majority of the children with underdeveloped palate. Tonsil and adenoid surgery was modified according to the palatopharyngeal condition.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A radiological study of the nasopharynx].

Since the difficulty to objectively assess the adenoidal tissue and the nasopharyngeal airway in children, it is necessary to find out an accurate method of measuring these structures. The present work studied the efficacy of the cavum lateral X-ray to measure the adenoidal tissue and to assess the obstruction in causes in the nasopharynx. With this purpose, different radiological measurements were carried out in 90 children who were going to undergo adenoidectomy. A significant correlation between these measurements and the volume and weight of the removed tissue was found. Also, a postadenoidectomy radiological control showed a significant decrease of the adenoidal tissue and a significant increase of the nasopharyngeal airway. The authors conclude that the lateral cavum X-ray is a good procedure to measure the adenoidal tissue and the nasopharyngeal airway.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1994

[Recurrent secretory otitis media and adenoidism. A retrospective study of the results observed with the medical and surgical therapy of 1250 children].

A retrospective study, between 1982 and 1993, on 1250 children with otitis media with effusion and hypertrophic adenoids was carried out. 1150 children were selected from those who had been administered S-carboxymethylcysteine-lysine for three months period, and antihistaminics, decongestants and anti-inflammatory drugs as concomitant treatment and 100 children from those who had undergone adenoidectomy. ORL-examination, audiometry and tympanometry, before and after the period of the therapy, were performed. No significant differences were found between the two groups with a percentage of successful outcome of 77-79%. On the basis of the data obtained, the tendency of avoiding surgical management by using the appropriate pharmacological therapy is underlined, particularly taking into consideration the safety profile of the medical treatment.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1993

[Situations and procedures with risk of bacterial endocarditis (intracardiac surgery excluded)].

Situations which can be considered at risk for infective endocarditis are those causing a bacteremia, which is necessary for the development of an endocarditis. Such situations can be identified by clinical studies evaluating the rate at which a bacteremia occurs after some procedures or because of lesions, then the risk of endocarditis after such a bacteremia. Without considering preexisting cardiac lesion and age, some situations seem to be at risk of subsequent endocarditis: acute bacterial infection for which antibiotherapy is necessary; procedures involving the mouth with the exception of superficial caries and bloodless supragingival prosthetic preparations; oesophageal dilatation, laser endo-oesophageal procedures, sclerosis of oesophageal varices; colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy for cancer lesions, gastrointestinal procedures on a potentially infected gastrointestinal tract (cholecystectomy, colectomy...); tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy; naso-tracheal intubation; instrumental procedures involving the ureter or kidney, and prostatic or urinary tract biopsies and surgery; procedures performed on infected skin. In cardiac patients at high risk, in addition to the above retrograde cholangiography, colonoscopy and rectosigmoidoscopy, lithotripsy. In these situations the risk of endocarditis is probably linked to the rate of bacteremia, the size of inoculum, and the bacteria, compared with spontaneous bacteremia without any procedure, where the inoculum is low and bacteria is considered as non pathogenic. A prophylaxis has to be discussed in such situations, which are probably involved in less than 10% of endocarditis.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1978

[Bacteremia and tonsillectomy].

A comparative study on the course of bacteremia and the postoperative behavior in 132 patients requiring tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy has been conducted. A control group including 33 patients was compared to three groups of an even number of cases treated with either doxycycline or amoxycyllin, or receiving gamma globulin immunotheraphy. Choice was guided by (1) the occurrence of bacteremia during surgery and the search for the various microbial strains involved, and (2) the confirmation of the advantages of the drug used within the first week of treatment.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1994

Postoperative respiratory compromise in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: can it be anticipated?

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research was to describe the postoperative respiratory complications after tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy (T and/or A) in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), to define which children are at risk for these complications, and to determine whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is an effective strategy for dealing with these complications. METHODS: The data for this study were gathered through a retrospective chart review of all children 15 years of age or younger with polysomnographically (PSG) proven OSAS who had a T and/or A at Hennepin County Medical Center between January 1985 and September 1992. Particular attention was paid to factors that contributed to the OSAS, postoperative respiratory complications, and intervention strategies for dealing with these complications. RESULTS: The charts of 37 children with OSAS documented by preoperative PSG who later had a T and/or A were reviewed retrospectively. Ten of these children had significant postoperative respiratory compromise secondary to OSAS that prolonged their hospital stay from 1 to 30 days and caused symptoms ranging from O2 desaturation < 80% to respiratory failure. These children were younger and had significant associated medical problems that contributed to or resulted from their OSAS in addition to large tonsils and adenoids. The associated medical problems included craniofacial anomalies, hypotonia, morbid obesity, previous upper airway trauma, cor pulmonale, and failure to thrive. The children with postoperative respiratory complications also had more severe apnea on their preoperative PSG. One child had a uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) in addition to the T & A. Taken together, the history, physical and neurological examination, and the PSG were able to identify successfully the children who subsequently developed respiratory compromise secondary to OSAS after a T and/or A. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and bilevel CPAP was used successfully to manage the preoperative and/or postoperative upper airway obstruction in five of these children. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these findings, overnight observation is recommended with an apnea monitor and oximeter for patients undergoing a T and/or A who have OSAS and meet any of the following high-risk clinical criteria: (1) < 2 years of age, (2) craniofacial anomalies affecting the pharyngeal airway particularly midfacial hypoplasia or micro/retrognathia, (3) failure to thrive, (4) hypotonia, (5) cor pulmonale, (6) morbid obesity, and (7) previous upper airway trauma; or high-risk PSG criteria: (1) respiratory distress index (RDI) > 40 and (2) SaO2 nadir < 70%; or undergoing a UPPP in addition to the T and/or A. Nasal CPAP/bilevel CPAP can be used to manage the preoperative and/or postoperative upper airway obstruction in patients with OSAS undergoing a T and/or A.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical audit: is day-case adenotonsillectomy safe?

The trend towards day-case procedures is growing, as a consequence not only of improved medical care but the increasing importance of economic considerations in today's healthcare environment. In the largest worldwide study to date to assess the safety of day-case adenotonsillectomy, we reviewed the records of 4386 patients at the otolaryngology department of the Bradford Royal Infirmary. We found a reactionary haemorrhage rate of 0.57%. All patients who underwent surgery in the morning session had presented with haemorrhage and returned to the operating theatre before the end of the afternoon session. We discuss the implications of these findings, and consider that with careful monitoring day-case tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy may safely be introduced.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1993

[Sleep apnea in hyperplasia of the pharyngeal lymphatic tissue. Polysomnographic studies in children].

BACKGROUND: Hyperplasia of tonsils and adenoids is a common finding in early childhood. Breathing difficulties caused by hyperplastic lymphatic tissue represent an indication for adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy. It was examined, whether a polysomnographic recording is a useful tool to assess the severity of obstructive sleep apnea in children with hyperplasia of tonsils and adenoids. METHODS: In 15 patients (10 boys, 5 girls), 1.0 to 6.6 years of age, with a history of breathing difficulties during sleep a thorough clinical evaluation was performed. Additionally, a polysomnographic recording was carried out, including thoracic and abdominal breathing movements, nasal and buccal thermistor, ECG and transcutaneous blood gases. RESULTS: Before therapy, severe obstructive apnea was demonstrated by polysomnography in all patients. This finding disappeared almost completely after surgery. Hyperplasia of adenoids was diagnosed in 3 patients, hyperplasia of tonsils in 3 patients, hyperplasia of tonsils and adenoids in 8 patients, and other kind of lymphatic hyperplasia in 1 patient. CONCLUSION: Hyperplasia of tonsils and adenoids contributes to the development of sleep-apnea-syndrome in childhood. A polysomnographic recording seems to be a useful tool to describe the severity of obstructive sleep apnea in children with hyperplasia of tonsils and adenoids.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1993

Sudden cardiac arrest during adenotonsillectomy in a patient with subclinical Duchenne's muscular dystrophy.

We describe a four-year-old boy of Indian descent who had elective adenotonsillectomy for chronic sore throat and partial airway obstruction. About 10 minutes into the procedure, the patient suddenly developed cardiac asystole. After prolonged cardiac resuscitation, recovery was achieved. No permanent neurologic deficits resulted. The child was later found to have a strong family history of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD) and an elevated serum creatine kinase level documented since shortly after birth. We reviewed several case reports substantiating the risk for cardiac arrest during general anesthesia in DMD patients, and we concluded that DMD is a little-known risk for cardiac arrest during general anesthesia. The otolaryngologist must be aware of this potential complication, because tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy are commonly indicated for children at an age when DMD may be subclinical.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1993

Obstructing adenoids in adolescents: changing trends?

The number of adolescents undergoing surgery for obstructing adenoids has increased significantly in our practice in recent years. Over an 11-year period during which 539 adenoidectomies were performed, the mean age of patients increased progressively from 4.6 years in 1980 to 7.88 years in 1990. The median age gradually increased over the same period from 4 to 7 years, and the standard deviation from 4.95 to 19.38. Enlarged adenoids should be considered in the differential diagnosis of adolescents suffering from nasal obstruction, snoring or obstructive sleep apnea.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1995

Laryngeal mask airway in paediatric otolaryngologic surgery.

The laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is a relatively recent development that fills the gap in airway management between endotracheal intubation and the use of a face mask. The device is inserted blindly into the pharynx, forming a low-pressure seal around the laryngeal inlet permitting gentle positive-pressure ventilation. It allows the administration of inhaled anaesthetic agents through a minimally stimulating airway. This factor, combined with its ease of insertion, suggested that the laryngeal mask airway might offer some distinct advantages in otolaryngologic paediatric surgery. Our experience in utilizing the laryngeal mask in tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy, and in myringotomies with insertion of ventilating tubes is described, and its advantages and disadvantages are discussed.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1996

Morbidity and mortality in children associated with the use of tobacco products by other people.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of adult tobacco use on the health of children. DESIGN: A literature review identified relevant research reports. Meta-analysis was used to compute a pooled risk ratio for each condition studied. The risk ratios were combined with data on exposure rates to produce estimates of the population-attributable risk. RESULTS: Each year, among American children, tobacco is associated with an estimated 284 to 360 deaths from lower respiratory tract illnesses and fires initiated by smoking materials, more than 300 fire-related injuries, 354,000 to 2.2 million episodes of otitis media, 5200 to 165,000 tympanostomies, 14,000 to 21,000 tonsillectomies and/or adenoidectomies, 529,000 physician visits for asthma, 1.3 to 2 million visits for coughs, and in children younger than 5 years of age, 260,000 to 436,000 episodes of bronchitis and 115,000 to 190,000 episodes of pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: The use of tobacco products by adults has an enormous adverse impact on the health of children. Although more research is needed in several areas, action to reduce the morbidity and mortality among children should not be delayed. New laws and policies are needed to grant children protection from bodily injury and death attributable to use of tobacco products by others.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1977

Hypoventilation during sleep in children who have lymphoid airway obstruction treated by nasopharyngeal tube and T and A.

Three children with sleep apnea, alveolar hypoventilation, apparent mental retardation, and poor growth associated with chronically enlarged tonsils and adenoids were treated with the use of a nasopharyngeal tube followed by tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. The effectiveness of this therapy was documented by polygraphic recording of sleep stages and respirations, and by correlation with serial arterial blood gases and pH. The nasopharyngeal tube was well tolerated, easy to use, and effective in diagnosis and treatment. We suggest that its use be further evaluated in patients with obstructive apnea.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1996

Education, practice reviews needed to reduce surgical intervention, Quebec report says.

Clinical uncertainty may be the reason for large variations in the rates of tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy and myringotomy in Quebec, a report prepared for the provincial government states. Methods used in other jurisdictions, such as informing physicians about geographic differences in intervention rates and developing clinical practice guidelines, could reduce the variations and save millions of dollars, researchers suggest.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1996

Parental knowledge and experiences after surgery for chronic otitis media.

Sixty-four parents completed questionnaires pertaining to their knowledge, attitudes and experiences both before and two months after their children underwent adenoidectomy and grommet insertion. Although a positive image of and high satisfaction with both procedure and inpatient stay were demonstrated, many parents failed to appreciate the existence, nature and frequency of possible complications. Parents should be given quite explicit descriptions of the most common postoperative problems.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1996

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in children: diagnostic challenges.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is increasingly recognized in the pediatric population. It is characterized by a combination of partial upper airway obstruction and intermittent obstructive apnea that disrupts normal ventilation and sleep. It is estimated to occur in 1-3% of children with a peak age of 2 to 5 years. Common symptoms include habitual snoring, difficulty breathing during sleep, restlessness, and witnessed apnea. Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the most common associated condition in otherwise normal children, but cranialfacial abnormalities, neuromuscular diseases, and obesity are also predisposing factors. Severe OSAS can have serious neurobehavioral and cardiorespiratory consequences including excessive daytime sleepiness, growth failure, school failure, behavioral problems, cor pulmonale, or even death. Diagnosis is based on data from the history, physical exam, and laboratory studies that confirm the presence and severity of the upper airway obstruction. Polysomnography has been the diagnostic tool of choice. Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and the underlying anatomic and physiologic abnormalities. Since childhood OSAS is usually associated with adenotonsillar hypertrophy, the majority of cases are amenable to surgical treatment. However, there is increasing pediatric experience with CPAP therapy when tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy are either unsuccessful or inappropriate.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1997

Massive blood loss during tonsillectomy in a child with congenital venous malformation.

Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy have become frequently performed outpatient procedures and are generally considered to have a low morbidity profile. Postoperative haemorrhage remains a rare but important complication, while intraoperative uncontrollable bleeding is extremely uncommon. A child with congenital vascular malformation of the lip and oropharynx undergoing tonsillectomy experienced massive blood loss, subsequent resuscitation and significant perioperative morbidity including a prolonged intensive care unit stay. Preoperative/preanaesthetic nasopharyngoscopic exam and magnetic resonance imaging did not reveal vascular prominence of the tonsils. Preoperative consideration of angiography or magnetic resonance angiography may be prudent to avoid this potentially fatal complication.

Adenoidectomy↗