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At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Student and community outcomes in service-learning: part 1--student perceptions.

Service-learning has a long and distinguished history of providing valuable experiences to students across all academic levels. Professional disciplines are well situated to provide students with opportunities related to service-learning while also providing needed health care services to communities. This article and Part 2 on pages 516-518 of this issue describe a service-learning initiative implemented in a bachelor of science in nursing program. Part 1 details students' perceptions of outcomes realized from the program, and Part 2 describes community outcomes. The purposes of the program were to enhance students' skills in history-taking, blood pressure and heart rate assessment skills, and beginning counseling skills, as well as provide the university community with blood pressure screening and counseling in a convenient and accessible location. Data on students' perceptions were collected for each semester of the program and for 1 year after students' participation in the program. Students perceived gains in blood pressure and heart rate skill performance, beginning counseling skills, their understanding of tailored client action plans, and their professional commitment to the health of the community.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed2006

Student and community outcomes in service-learning: part 2--community outcomes.

This article is the second of a two-part series reporting outcomes from a service-learning program implemented in a bachelor of science in nursing program. Part 1 (on pages 512-515) described students' perceptions of outcomes realized from the program, and Part 2 describes the community outcomes. The purposes of the program were to provide students with history-taking, blood pressure, and heart rate assessment skills, and beginning counseling skills, as well as to provide the university community with blood pressure screening and counseling in a convenient and accessible location. Data on community outcomes were collected on a continual basis during the hypertension screening and counseling program implementation. Clients were anonymously surveyed on health behavior actions taken after their screening and on the screening process. More than 700 client screenings were performed over 2 years, with positive health behavior changes being reported by clients.

Clinical Clerkship↗
PubMed2005

[Experience with electronic files in a university neonatology unit].

The electronic file is a reality in medical practice nowadays. We have a decade of experience with electronic files in a neonatology unit. We use a local network that consists in one server and 8 connected computers, distributed in the hospital. Filemaker Pro is used as database administrator and access to data is protected with passwords. Data entry is made by health care professionals in charge of the patients. Patient's reports and statistical information are based on data entered to the system. This methodology allows to have update clinical data, indexing of information, to maintain track of pharmacological indications, prescribe parenteral nutrition and obtain information for research purpose. It is possible therefore, with a minimal computing expertise, to devise electronic files that can improve the quality of health care.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2002

Listeria monocytogenes virulence and pathogenicity, a food safety perspective.

Several virulence factors of Listeria monocytogenes have been identified and extensively characterized at the molecular and cell biologic levels, including the hemolysin (listeriolysin O), two distinct phospholipases, a protein (ActA), several internalins, and others. Their study has yielded an impressive amount of information on the mechanisms employed by this facultative intracellular pathogen to interact with mammalian host cells, escape the host cell's killing mechanisms, and spread from one infected cell to others. In addition, several molecular subtyping tools have been developed to facilitate the detection of different strain types and lineages of the pathogen, including those implicated in common-source outbreaks of the disease. Despite these spectacular gains in knowledge, the virulence of L. monocytogenes as a foodborne pathogen remains poorly understood. The available pathogenesis and subtyping data generally fail to provide adequate insight about the virulence of field isolates and the likelihood that a given strain will cause illness. Possible mechanisms for the apparent prevalence of three serotypes (1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b) in human foodborne illness remain unidentified. The propensity of certain strain lineages (epidemic clones) to be implicated in common-source outbreaks and the prevalence of serotype 4b among epidemic-associated stains also remain poorly understood. This review first discusses current progress in understanding the general features of virulence and pathogenesis of L. monocytogenes. Emphasis is then placed on areas of special relevance to the organism's involvement in human foodborne illness, including (i) the relative prevalence of different serotypes and serotype-specific features and genetic markers; (ii) the ability of the organism to respond to environmental stresses of relevance to the food industry (cold, salt, iron depletion, and acid); (iii) the specific features of the major known epidemic-associated lineages; and (iv) the possible reservoirs of the organism in animals and the environment and the pronounced impact of environmental contamination in the food processing facilities. Finally, a discussion is provided on the perceived areas of special need for future research of relevance to food safety, including (i) theoretical modeling studies of niche complexity and contamination in the food processing facilities; (ii) strain databases for comprehensive molecular typing; and (iii) contributions from genomic and proteomic tools, including DNA microarrays for genotyping and expression signatures. Virulence-related genomic and proteomic signatures are expected to emerge from analysis of the genomes at the global level, with the support of adequate epidemiologic data and access to relevant strains.

Consumer Product Safety↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Knowledge, conduct and opinions of health professionals concerning confidentiality at a hospital].

BACKGROUND: To analyse the knowledge, conduct and opinions concerning confidentiality of the medical and nursing personnel who attended the 13 seminars given on this subject at the Virgen del Camino Hospital in Pamplona in the year 2002. METHODS: Distribution before the start of each seminar of a survey of 11 closed questions to be completed anonymously. RESULTS: Ninety-three percent (93.0%) of the 244 professionals attending the seminars responded to the survey (128 doctors and 99 nurses). Ninety-two point one percent (92.1%) of the professionals understand what privacy is, but 58.1% do not know any of the laws that regulate it. Eighty-seven point five percent (87.5%) know when it is legitimate to access the data on a patient, but contrary conduct is recognise in a percentage that increases with age, from 12.5% in the group under 31 years old to 51.9% in those over 50 years of age. More correct practices were recollected amongst nursing personnel even when they show less theoretical knowledge about these questions. Forty-nine point seven percent (49.7%) of the professionals would join another centre if they wanted their diagnosis not to be divulged amongst their colleagues, and 92.2% consider informal comments made in the corridors to be the most frequent way of breaking confidentiality in the hospital. CONCLUSION: It seems timely to call attention to ethical and legal responsibility in our hospital and to encourage reflection amongst professional about this questions of confidentiality in order to improve this key dimension of health care.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Selecting an HIS direction for the future.

Hoag Memorial Hospital Presbyterian, Newport Beach, CA, and The United Hospital, Grand Forks, ND, expand their data integration, access and functionality with a new hospital information system.

California↗
PubMed1991

Gaining a competitive edge through HIS technology.

Streamlined procedures, fewer errors, improved consultation on patient care, and lowered costs are among the advantages cited by healthcare facilities that are using information technology in efforts to outpace their competitors. Technology ranging from executive information systems to medical record imaging can provide improved access to data and aid strategic decision making. Even so, the perceived benefits of a particular form of technology should not outweigh sound business planning.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1995

Predicting financial risk under capitation.

As managed care proliferates, providers must understand the types of financial risks they face when providing care under capitation. There are two basic types of financial risk (which arises from uncertainties about revenues and costs): objective risk and subjective risk. Objective risk exists when financial managers can anticipate, with reasonable confidence, the expected range of revenue and cost variation. Subjective risk exists when financial managers cannot accurately predict the range of revenue and cost variation. Providers moving from a prospective payment system to a capitated system will find that objective financial risk potentially is reduced. However, subjective financial risk under capitation can be significant. To minimize subjective risk, healthcare executives must have access to data about the population covered by the capitation contract, must have sufficient numbers of covered lives, must reduce costs involved with providing healthcare services, and must reduce the volume of patients treated--for example, by implementing disease and injury prevention programs.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1995

The development of a computerized LAN-based investigational drug information database.

A computerized LAN-based investigational drug information database, IRxBase, was developed at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center to facilitate healthcare professionals' access to investigational drug information. Healthcare professionals at the medical center were surveyed to identify current problems in accessing investigational drug information. The survey reflected that before the implementation of the database, the medical center lacked a systematic approach to providing protocol-specific investigational drug information. Although investigational drug information software programs are commercially available, they provide limited information and few are protocol-specific. IRxBase offers an efficient means for the widespread provision of investigational drug information with advantages of accessibility, ongoing data entry, and preservation of confidentiality.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1996

Computerization: reengineering the lawyering process for the 21st century.

Alvin and Heidi Toffler, describe the benefits of "informationware" and how one of the most tradition-bound organizations, the armed forces, has substantially changed its operations. According to the authors, mere knowledge is not sufficient to prevail; how one manages or uses knowledge separates winners from losers. Further, the authors say "...basically add new elements or create new combinations of old elements within an existing 'game.' A true revolution goes beyond that to change the game itself, including its rules, its equipment, the size and organization of the 'teams,' their training, doctrine, tactics, and just about everything else. Even more important, it changes the relationship of the game to society itself." Application of this theory to today's litigation is obvious and compelling. The ways in which clients and defense counsel obtain, analyze, and strategically apply evidence and legal principles must change to incorporate the informationware this society uses in other lines of business. This means more extensive and appropriate usage of computer hardware in a software environment that fully supports emerging client and defense counsel needs. The computer system must provide case direction, helpful suggestions, and direct, rapid access to data bases containing information presently available only through person-to-person networking.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1997

Evaluating and negotiating a profitable capitation contract.

Evaluating the financial terms of capitation contracts and negotiating their nonfinancial provisions are becoming increasingly important responsibilities for healthcare financial managers. To evaluate the financial terms of a contract, financial managers must understand both incremental and replacement pricing strategies. They also must understand when strategic positioning objectives make a capitated plan attractive despite limited financial rewards. Before a contract is accepted, financial managers can take steps to increase its potential profitability by negotiating the nonfinancial provisions that can help control contract expenses. These provisions are related to services to be provided, payment terms, withholds and risk pools, access to data, provision of eligibility data, utilization review and quality assurance procedures, filing of grievances, contract renewal terms, and contract termination.

Capitation Fee↗
PubMed1993

Access all areas.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Architectural Accessibility↗
PubMed1997

Planning for disaster recovery.

Planning for restoring information systems in the event of a disaster is rapidly changing and growing in importance. As health care organizations become more reliant on information technology, they're taking extra steps to safeguard their investments and to ensure reliable access to data.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1987

Radiology administration: a reference list.

This useful listing of references on radiology administration covers topics from equipment selection to computerization. In addition to available written references, the authors provide information on PC-based access to data bases.

Hospital Departments↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health care executive's guidebook to automation in the 1980s: health care information systems and DRGs.

The key to effective decision-making in health care institutions--now and in the future--is data: accurate, reliable, well-understood information about your patients and about your institution's operations. Much of the data you need for decision support are now available in your financial, patient information, and departmental systems. To put it to work in ways that will meet the challenges of the 1980s, you need to develop more effective ways to use this information. A decision-support system requires, above all, integrated data, flexible access, and the capability to extract and summarize relevant information from a mass of detail. Effective decision-support systems require powerful hardware and sophisticated software. Even more, they require planning and self-education on your part. You must understand your current system and your future needs. You must also educate yourself about the computer market-place and the many systems options available to you. Read books and magazines, attend conferences, contact vendors. Above all, talk to users of any system you are considering for your institution. The resources in this Guidebook can start you on your way.

Computers↗