Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “VASCULAR DISEASES”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Activated protein C resistance, factor V Leiden and peripheral vascular disease.

Activated protein C resistance caused by factor V Leiden is an important thrombophilia disorder which predisposes to venous thromboembolism. Some studies also suggest a role in the pathogenesis of arterial thrombosis and atherosclerosis. The authors have investigated the prevalence of activated protein C resistance and factor V Leiden in a series of 45 patients with peripheral vascular disease. Twelve patients were receiving warfarin. The activated protein C resistance ratios were significantly lower in the group of 33 non-warfarinized patients with peripheral vascular disease (median 2.82 (range 1.36-3.83)) compared with 33 age- and sex-matched controls (median 2.97 range 2.24-4.11); P<0.005; Wilcoxon rank sum). Eight patients (24%) had activated protein C resistance (ratio <2.2). The prevalence of factor V Leiden in patients with peripheral vascular disease was 17.8% (8/45). This is significantly increased compared with the local population and UK published frequency of 3.5% for this genotype. The presence of factor V Leiden did not affect the late outcome of arterial reconstructive surgery in terms of graft patency (P=0.5, Fisher's Exact test).

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Peripheral vascular disease as a mode of presentation of pseudoxanthoma elasticum.

Two men presenting with premature peripheral vascular disease and minimal risk for atherosclerosis were found to have pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). Fluorescein angiography was found to be of potential value in the early recognition of angioid streaks and pseudoxanthoma elasticum. There was evidence of disruption of arterial elastic tissue which may contribute to atherogenesis in PXE. Management is presently limited largely to minimizing risk factors for atherosclerotic vascular disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent self-propagation of hydrogen peroxide and vascular disease.

Excessive production of reactive oxygen species in the vasculature contributes to cardiovascular pathogenesis. Among biologically relevant and abundant reactive oxygen species, superoxide (O2*-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) appear most important in redox signaling. Whereas O2*- predominantly induces endothelial dysfunction by rapidly inactivating nitric oxide (NO*), H2O2 influences different aspects of endothelial cell function via complex mechanisms. This review discusses recent advances establishing a critical role of H2O2 in the development of vascular disease, in particular, atherosclerosis, and mechanisms whereby vascular NAD(P)H oxidase-derived H2O2 amplifies its own production. Recent studies have shown that H2O2 stimulates reactive oxygen species production via enhanced intracellular iron uptake, mitochondrial damage, and sources of vascular NAD(P)H oxidases, xanthine oxidase, and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). This self-propagating phenomenon likely prolongs H2O2-dependent pathological signaling in vascular cells, thus contributing to vascular disease development. The latest progress on Nox functions in vascular cells is also discussed [Nox for NAD(P)H oxidases, representing a family of novel NAD(P)H oxidases].

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1996

[Development of collagen vascular diseases and production of autoantibodies in HTLV-I env-pX transgenic rats].

Human T lymphocyte virus type I (HTLV- I) is now known to be associated with a number of diverse clinical disorders, not only adult T cell leukemia but also HTLV- I associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis, HTLV- I -associated arthropathy, HTLV- I uveitis, and probably Sjögren's syndrome, T cell alveolitis, polymyositis, and infective dermatitis. To investigate virus-host interactions and pathogenetic mechanisms in these diverse disorders, inbred rat, which is susceptible to HTLV- I infection and develops HAM/TSP-like disease by HTLV- I infection, was used as a host of HTLV- I gene transfer model. HTLV- I LTR-env-pX-LTR construct was injected to rat ova, and two lines of the transgenic rat (env-pX rat) were established. Both lines of env-pX rats expressed HTLV- I env and pX genes in various tissues, and developed a wide spectrum of collagen vascular diseases, including chronic destructive arthritis similar to rheumatoid arthritis, necrotizing arteritis mimicking polyarteritis nodosa, myositis, myocarditis, and chronic sialoadenitis and dacryoadenitis resembling Sjögren's syndrome in humans. Thrombosis and thymic atrophy were also observed. These rats showed hyper-gamma globulinemia and a number of autoantibodies, including high titered rheumatoid factors, anti-dsDNA antibodies and anti-cardiolipin antibodies were presented in the serum. Results suggest that the HTLV- I env-pX gene may play a pathogenic role in development of collagen vascular diseases associated with autoimmune phenomenon. The env-pX rat appears to be a suitable animal model for elucidating pathogenetic mechanisms implicated in HTLV- I -induced diseases and also in various collagen vascular diseases of unknown etiology in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Increased risk for coronary vascular disease in children with developmental coordination disorder.

PURPOSE: Physical activity (PA) is compromised in children and adolescents with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). The purpose of this study was to test a theoretical model linking DCD with 2 factors associated with increased risk for coronary vascular disease: (1) cardio-respiratory fitness (CF), and (2) relative body fat (BF), through physical activity. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was implemented using 571 elementary school students (313 males, 258 females). Evaluation of body fat using bioelectric impedance, cardio-respiratory fitness using Léger 20-meter Shuttle Run, and physical activity level was determined using the Participation Questionnaire. The short-form version Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency was used to verify DCD. We tested to see how much of the association between DCD and factors associated with increased risk for coronary vascular disease (percentage body fat and cardio-respiratory fitness) using multivariate ordinary least squares regression analysis. RESULTS: Regression modeling demonstrated that DCD was associated with increased body fat and low cardio-respiratory fitness. Physical activity was a significant mediator in the DCD-CF relationship. Physical activity was also a mediating factor in the DCD-BF relationship, albeit to a lesser extent. CONCLUSIONS: Developmental coordination disorder is related with factors associated with increased risk for coronary vascular disease, including decreased cardio-respiratory fitness and increased body fat through the mediating influence of physical activity in children.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1989

[Chronic treatment of vascular diseases with indobufen].

The effects of chronic treatment with indobufen, an inhibitor of platelet aggregation, was studied in a group of 1428 patients with vascular problems treated in a period of about 6 years in our Units. Venous problems were the major vascular problem in 313 patients, peripheral vascular diseases in 553 and cerebrovascular problems in 562. In patients with venous problems the range of the treatment period in different groups of patients varied from 2 to 42 months. The range was from 1 to 48 months in the group of patients with peripheral vascular diseases and from 2 to 48 in patients with cerebrovascular diseases. An analogic score was used to evaluate the efficacy of indobufen, which was also compared for the occurrence of side-effects with ASA (acetylsalicylic acid) and dipyridamole. Results obtained in this large, chronic open study confirmed the efficacy of indobufen in preventing (or reducing the occurrence) of vascular problems which was significantly greater than that observed with the other two drugs used for comparison. Indobufen also resulted in a lower incidence of side-effects (particularly gastrointestinal disorders) and it was better tolerated than both dipyridamole and ASA.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

The osteoprotegerin/RANK/RANKL system: a bone key to vascular disease.

Owing to the common coincidence of osteoporosis and vascular disease, pathophysiological links between both disorders have long been sought. The osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK)/receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) cytokine network, a key regulatory system in bone homeostasis, has been implicated recently in vascular calcification, changes in matrix composition and diabetic macroangiopathy, aortic aneurysm development, heart failure and, most importantly, advanced atherosclerosis, plaque destabilization and manifestation of cardiovascular diseases. The concept of an active role of RANKL and OPG in vascular pathophysiology is intriguing and is gaining increasing support from both epidemiological and basic research. OPG serum level is considered to be a stable and reliable indicator of the overall activity of the OPG/RANK/RANKL axis and may find application as a biomarker of vascular risk and prognosis. RANKL in turn may be a suitable target for novel therapies. Pharmacological strategies for specific interference with the OPG/RANK/RANKL axis are currently being developed and evaluated in osteoporosis therapy.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1992

[Comparison between radiograph and hemodynamics in obliterative pulmonary vascular disease].

A radiologic-hemodynamic comparitive study was made in 51 cases of obliterative pulmonary vascular disease. The results showed that the pulmonary arterial pressures were all elevated when their radiologic parameters (RDB, RDB/B, PL/T, C/T, DPA/DHT) had abnormal changes, and they had higher sensitivity (76.5-92.2%), specificity (100%) and accuracy (81.8-93.9%) except for DPA/DHT, and there were certain correlations between radiologic parameters and pulmonary arterial pressures (r = 0.36-0.63, P < 0.05-0.01) except for PL/T. In conclusion the radiologic parameters can be used as qualitative diagnostic parameters for pulmonary hypertension in obliterative pulmonary vascular disease, and some parameters might be helpful for evaluating the level of pulmonary hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis associated with peripheral vascular disease: a prospective study.

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of symptomless internal carotid artery stenosis in consecutive patients presenting with peripheral vascular disease. Duplex ultrasound screening of the carotid arteries was used to determine the degree of stenosis. Co-morbidities were recorded together with age, sex and tobacco use. Internal carotid artery stenosis of > 50% was found in 35% of patients. Among these there was > or = 70% stenosis in 18% of patients and of this group 5% had an occluded carotid vessel at first presentation. Males presented with peripheral vascular disease and associated carotid stenoses at a younger age than females. Male smokers had a higher prevalence of stenosis (P = 0.036) but all smokers had developed stenoses 3-5 years before non-smokers. Females with abdominal aortic aneurysms had a greater prevalence of carotid stenosis (P = 0.037), and male aneurysmal disease diminished stenosis prevalence (P = 0.023). Men with an elevated serum creatinine were more likely to have a stenosis (P = 0.019), but not women. The other co-morbidities were not specifically associated with carotid artery stenosis.

Adult↗