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At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Sitting or supine stereotaxic core biopsy of the breast? A comparison based on a randomized, prospective study].

UNLABELLED: OBJECTIVE/MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a prospective randomized study, the techniques of stereotactic breast biopsies in prone and sitting position were compared. Part of the data has already been published. A total of 103 women underwent stereotactic breast biopsies, either prone (n = 51; using TRC-Mammotest, Sweden) or in the sitting position (n = 52; using Stereotix 2, General Electric Medical Systems, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA). With the help of pre- and post-biopsy questionnaires, anxiety, pain, and subjective experience were recorded in all patients. Vasovagal reactions were scored from 0 to 2 according to their severity. All biopsy results were verified by surgery. The specificities and sensitivities for the two positions were calculated and statistically compared. RESULTS: With regard to overall tolerance no statistically significant difference between biopsies performed in the sitting or the prone position was noted. Significantly more patients (p = 0.04) in the prone position stated they would prefer premedication prior to a repeat biopsy. Three patients (prone; n = 1; sitting; n = 2) fainted during the procedure. There was no statistically significant difference between the two biopsy positions regarding sensitivity (95%) and specificity (100%). CONCLUSIONS: More attention should be paid to patient care and, especially, preintervention information. Biopsies in the prone or sitting position are equally well tolerated. Somatic reactions are not a major problem during breast biopsy. Success and validity are independent of the biopsy position.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Biometry of the radial head: biomechanical implications in pronation and supination.

The aim of this study was to perform biometry of the proximal extremity of the radius and to characterize the shape of the radial head. Knowledge of the size and shape of the radial head is necessary for the creation of a radial head prosthesis that is anatomically and biomechanically correct. Twenty-seven measurements, focused on the proximal extremity, were done on 96 radii. The shape of the radial head was determined by the difference between the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter. We considered the shape to be circular when the difference was less than 1 mm, and elliptical when the difference was greater than 1 mm. The shape of the radial head was compared with the neck/diaphysis angle. Fifty-seven percent of radial heads were elliptical and 43% were circular. When the head was elliptical the maximum diameter was 22 mm +/-2.9 and the minimum diameter was 20 mm +/-2.8 ( P<0.001). When the head was circular the maximum diameter was 21.2 mm +/-2.4 and the minimum diameter was 20.4 mm +/-2.4 ( P<0.14). The angle between the neck and the diaphysis varied with regard to the shape of the radial head. It was 166.75 degrees +/-3 for the circular heads and 168.62 degrees +/-3.2 for the elliptical heads ( P<0.01). The biomechanics of the circular shape and the elliptical shape are different, involving an adaptation of the angle between the neck and the radial diaphysis. This difference must be taken in consideration in the design of a radial head prosthesis.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed2002

Impingement syndrome of the ankle following supination external rotation trauma: MR imaging findings with arthroscopic correlation.

Our objective was to identify MR imaging findings in patients with syndesmotic soft tissue impingement of the ankle and to investigate the reliability of these imaging characteristics to predict syndesmotic soft tissue impingement syndromes of the ankle. Twenty-one ankles with chronic pain ultimately proven to have anterior soft tissue impingement syndrome were examined by MR imaging during January 1996 to June 2001. The MR imaging protocol included sagittal and coronal short tau inversion recovery (STIR), sagittal T1-weighted spin echo, axial and coronal proton-density, and T2-weighted spin-echo sequences. Nineteen ankles that underwent MR imaging during the same period of time and that had arthroscopically proven diagnosis different than impingement syndrome served as a control group. Fibrovascular scar formations distinct from the syndesmotic ligaments possibly related to syndesmotic soft tissue impingement were recorded. Arthroscopy was performed subsequently in all patients and was considered the gold standard. The statistical analysis revealed an overall frequency of scarred syndesmotic ligaments of 70% in the group with ankle impingement. Fibrovascular scar formations distinct from the syndesmotic ligaments presented with low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and remained low to intermediate in signal intensity on T2-weighted MR imaging. Compared with arthroscopy, MR imaging revealed a sensitivity of 89%, a specificity of 100%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 93% for scarred syndesmotic ligaments. The frequency of scar formation distinct from the syndesmotic ligaments in patients with impingement syndrome of the ankle was not statistically significantly higher than in the control group. In contrast to that, anterior tibial osteophytes and talar osteophytes were statistically significantly higher in the group with anterior impingement than in the control group. Conventional MR imaging was found to be insensitive for the diagnosis of syndesmotic soft tissue impingement of the ankle. Fibrovascular scar tissue distinct from syndesmotic ligaments is suggestive for the diagnosis of soft tissue impingement, but the reliability of these findings is still questionable.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Detection of left ventricular functional reserve by supine exercise hemodynamics in patients with severe, chronic heart failure.

Hemodynamic changes during exercise were evaluated in 20 patients with severe, chronic congestive heart failure. Two groups were identified by their stroke work response to maximal exercise. Group I (eight patients) showed an increase in stroke work index. This occurred because the stroke volume increased and the difference between mean systolic pressure and left ventricular filling pressure increased. Group II (12 patients) showed a decrease in stroke work index. This occurred because stroke volume decreased while the difference between mean systolic pressure and left ventricular filling pressure did not change. Despite hemodynamic differences, the groups could not be distinguished by the usual clinical criteria for heart failure including etiology, New York Heart Association functional class, heart size on chest X-ray film or duration of heart failure. Clinical criteria are relatively insensitive in predicting the exercise hemodynamics of any given patient with chronic severe heart failure. Determining the exercise hemodynamics may be helpful as a means of assessing left ventricular functional reserve in heart failure. Prognostic implications, drug therapy and prescription of activities may require adjustment based on this spectrum of hemodynamic response to exercise in patients with chronic heart failure.

Adult↗