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At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[An investigation on chromosome aberration of SO-Rb50 cloned cell strains].

PURPOSE: To compare the differences of chromosome aberration among 3 cloning cells (MC2, MC3 and MC4) of SO-Rb50 cell line. METHOD: G-banding and karyotype analysis were performed on the 11th passage cells of MC2, MC3 and MC4 cell strains. RESULTS: Both numerical abnormal and structural aberrations of chromosomes could be observed in these 3 cloned cell strains. Diploid cells had the preponderance over the aneuploid cells. However, some cells showed pseudiploid karyotypes. Several kinds of structural chromosome aberrations were observed. The chromosome aberrations in the same passage of different cell strains were different. Aberration of chromosome 13 was rare and the aberration feature were different in 3 cloned cell strains. Five marker chromosomes were identified. M1, t(1;1) qterp35::q24-ter could be found in all cell strains. Other markers were seen in different cell strains respectively. In our experiment, two marker chromosome in chromosome 2, M4 and M5, were found in SO-Rb50 cell line for the first time. CONCLUSION: Chromosome aberrations were different with different cloned cell strains. Combined with formerly study in SO-Rb50 cell line, we found the chromosome aberration had dynamic changes during the long-term culture in vitro. We suggest that aberration of chromosome 13 is not the only cause of Rb; aberration of chromosome 1, a common event in some neoplasias as well as in SO-Rb50, plays a meaningful role in the immortalization of this cell line; other aberrations observed in our experiment could be considered as evidences of genomic instability of the cell strains and presumably enhance the growth potential of the cells in which they develop.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1998

[Morphological observation of the endogenous endophthalmitis of cryptococcus neoformans].

PURPOSE: To observe the pathologic change of the endogenous endophthalmitis of cryptococcus neoformans. METHODS: Light and electron microscope were used. RESULT: The choroid was focally tumor-like by an inflammatory cells infiltrate, which consisted of multinucleated gicant, epithelioid cells and lymphocytes. Special stains (Grocott's methnamine silver, PAS, alcian blue) and electron microscope disclosed the budding form of cryptococcus neoformans. CONCLUSION: The morphologic examinations are only an effectivel method of diagrosing the endogenous endophthalmitis of cryptococcus neoformans.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[The establishment, freezing-state preservation and resuscitation of retinoblastoma SO-Rb70 cell line].

PURPOSE: To establish a new cell line of human retinoblastoma (Rb), frozen and resuscitated to provide a Rb cell reservoir for clinical and experimental research. METHODS: The screening cells were washed and blown directly without centrifugation and then inoculated. Based on the cell-frozen principle, the Rb cell line was collected and established, then frozen in liquid nitrogen and resuscitated. RESULTS: SO-Rb70 cell line was established successfully. 8 groups of cells were frozen. The resuscitation experiment was carried out for 6 times, 4 times being successful. CONCLUSION: The preserved human Rb cells in liquid nitrogen grew normally after resuscitation with the maintenance of previous bioactivities and characteristics. This research helped to provide abundant material for further study of Rb.

Cell Line↗
PubMed2003

Expression of cone photoreceptor cGMP-phosphodiesterase alpha' subunit in Chinese hamster ovary, 293 human embryonic kidney, and Y79 retinoblastoma cells.

PURPOSE: A functional protein is required for structure/function analysis of cone photoreceptor cGMP-phosphodiesterase alpha' subunit (PDEalpha'). The purpose of this study was to express enzymatically active PDEalpha'. METHODS: Three expression vectors were constructed for transient and stable expression of PDEalpha': pC57 (transient) was obtained by subcloning bovine PDEalpha' cDNA into the pCIS2 expression vector; pNC57 (stable) was constructed by inserting the neo gene controlled by the mouse phosphoglycerate kinase-1 gene promoter into the pC57 vector; and pFC57 (transient) was generated by fusing the sequence encoding the FLAG peptide to the 5' end of the coding region of PDEalpha' cDNA. The recombinant plasmid DNAs were introduced into HEK293, CHO, or Y79 retinoblastoma cells using the calcium phosphate-mediated transfection procedure or lipofectamin. Northern and western blot hybridizations were used for RNA and protein analysis, respectively. RESULTS: Northern blots of both HEK293- and CHO-transfected cells showed strong expression of a 3 kb transcript corresponding to PDEalpha'. cGMP-PDE activity measured in homogenates of transiently and stably transfected cells ranged between 1.5 and 2.2 nmol cGMP hydrolyzed/min x mg total protein, a level of PDE activity slightly greater than that previously reported for the individual rod-photoreceptor PDE subunits transiently-expressed in HEK293 cells. Western blots of these cell homogenates showed a low level of expressed PDEalpha'. Transfection of Y79 retinoblastoma cells, that have been shown to express rod and cone PDEs endogenously, with the construct containing cone PDEa' cDNA fused to the FLAG peptide resulted in a protein with no enzymatic activity. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that both HEK293 and CHO cells are capable of expressing functionally active cone PDEalpha'. High level of mRNA transcription and relatively low protein synthesis efficiency indicates the presence of a post-transcriptional control mechanism regulating overall expression of PDEalpha' in HEK293 and CHO cells.

3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed2003

[Diode laser thermotherapy and chemothermotherapy in the treatment of retinoblastoma].

INTRODUCTION: The use of transpupillary thermotherapy alone or associated with systemic chemotherapy is a therapeutic modality of ocular retinoblastoma that allows ocular preservation without external beam irradiation of the eye. We present our experience with thermotherapy in the treatment of selected cases of retinoblastoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This paper reports a retrospective case series of patients treated for retinoblastoma by thermotherapy or chemothermotherapy (carboplatin IV followed by thermotherapy) in a single institution from October 1994 to December 2000. Data collected include general characteristics of the treated children, tumor characteristics, and the results of the treatments on local tumor control. Transpupillar thermotherapy was delivered with a diode laser through an operating microscope. Each tumor was treated separately and laser intensity, spot size, and duration were adapted to the size of the tumor and the clinical response. Chemothermotherapy consisted in thermotherapy delivered shortly after an intravenous injection of carboplatin (560 mg/m(2)) at day 1, followed by thermotherapy alone at day 8 if the lesion was 6mm or more in diameter. This cycle was administered every 28 days. The choice between thermotherapy and chemothermotherapy depended on the initial size of the lesions. Thermotherapy was used when the lesion measured 3mm or less. Lesions measuring more than 15 mm, or associated with substantial vitreous seeding, retinal detachment, or optic nerve head involvement are not suitable for these techniques. RESULTS: During the study period, 239 children were treated in our institution and 109 of them (147 eyes, 372 tumors) could be treated conservatively without external beam radiation. The median tumor diameter at the moment of thermotherapy or chemothermotherapy was 2mm (range, 0.2-15.0mm). One hundred and ninety-four tumors were treated by chemothermotherapy and 18 by thermotherapy alone. In 75% of the cases, the treatment was administered after two courses of chemotherapy (etoposide and carboplatin). After a mean follow-up of 55 months (range, 16-89 months), tumor control was obtained in 87.1% of lesions after chemothermotherapy and 77.8% after thermotherapy. Salvage enucleation was necessary for seven lesions (seven eyes) but none in the cases where thermotherapy was used alone. No severe systemic side effects were noted. DISCUSSION: Diode laser delivers hyperthermia on the tumor bed and its use alone or in association with systemic administration of carboplatin makes it possible to preserve the eye without external beam irradiation, with few side effects and less cumulative doses of chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: Thermotherapy and chemothermotherapy provide excellent local tumor control and eye preservation in selected cases of retinoblastoma.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2003

[Retinoblastoma in monozygotic twins].

Retinoblastoma is one of the most frequent ophthalmological tumours in children. It is an embryonic tumour originating in the retina. It is caused by abnormalities in the RB1 gene and deletions in the region 13q14. The authors present a bilateral non-hereditary retinoblastoma in monozygotic twins, associated with deletion in the region 13q14, stigmatization, psychomotor and somatic retardation.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Eyelid and scleral necrosis following bare iridium-192 seed for retinoblastoma.

A 2 1/2-year-old girl with a history of bilateral retinoblastoma underwent primary enucleation of the right eye and was referred for further management of persistent tumor in the fellow eye. Previous treatment of the left eye included external beam radiotherapy, systemic chemotherapy, laser photocoagulation, cryotherapy, and direct scleral application of a bare iridium-192 radioactive seed. Examination revealed focal full-thickness necrosis of the left upper and lower eyelid and a large inferonasal viable retinoblastoma tumor with overlying retinal detachment. Systemic chemotherapy and direct laser photocoagulation were administered. Four months after presentation, the patient developed focal scleral necrosis with 360 degrees hemorrhagic choroidal detachment. Enucleation was performed and histopathologic examination demonstrated full-thickness scleral necrosis with adjacent viable retinoblastoma tumor cells. Follow-up examinations showed no evidence of recurrent or metastatic tumor. This case is the first report of scleral necrosis following combined modality treatment of retinoblastoma.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Identification of DNA sequences and viral proteins of 6 human papillomavirus types in retinoblastoma tissue.

PURPOSE: To detect DNA and proteins of human papillomavirus (HPV) in paraffin-embedded retinoblastoma (RB) tissue, to identify the viral types present and to describe a possible association between the presence of HPV and a particular form of RB. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-one samples from ocular tissues of RB patients and of six controls enucleated for non-neoplastic reasons were obtained and analyzed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with consensus primers to detect HPV. Viral type identification was performed by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLP) analysis. To corroborate the presence of HPV, immunohistochemical analysis with a polyclonal anti-HPV antibody was performed in 10 RB cases and in all controls. RESULTS: Forty-two (82.3%) of the 51 samples were HPV-positive. HPV 6 was detected in 40 cases (95.2%), HPV 33 in 16 (38.1%), HPV 11 in 4 (9.5%) and HPV 31, 35 and 51 each in one case (2.3%). All controls were negative for HPV-DNA. The positive samples were PCR-tested for HPV 16 and 18 using specific primers, and were all negative. For immunohistochemical analysis, 7 out of 10 PCR-positive samples randomly chosen were positive; all six controls were negative. CONCLUSION: No differences in the HPV type distribution were found between the groups formed according to the tumor presentation or to the mode of inheritance.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retinoblastoma: care and support of the pediatric patient and family.

This paper presents the holistic approach to the care of the pediatric patient with strabismus. It discusses preoperative management, contemporary surgical procedures including postoperative suture adjustments, complications and the care and management of the patient and family on the pediatric unit. It reviews discharge instructions including pain management, postoperative safety and the follow-up appointment with the surgeon. Methods of determining the level of knowledge of the child's primary caregiver are also a major focus.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ultrasonography of intraocular pathology in a pediatric oncology clinic].

Forty-seven children with the intraocular acoustic effect of "plus-tissue", which was preconditioned by retinoblastoma, Coats' disease, retinopathy of the scarring stage in premature newborns and differentetiology fibroses of the vitreous body, underwent ultrasound examinations, including color Doppler mapping and pulse Doppler-graphy, for the purpose of promoting the differentiated diagnostics. Determinative ultrasonographic criteria were specified for each of the mentioned pathology states; a special significance of Doppler tools is pointed out in detecting a nature of the neovascular network, in identifying a.hyaloidea present in premature newborns and also present in retinal detachment with profound vitreous changes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Retinoblastoma in Uzbekistan.

Retinoblastoma incidence and mortality rates associated with age, sex, and ethnic background between 1978 and 1999 have been studied. Statistical analysis of normal and standardised incidence rates was performed on 972 patients. For 21 years, annual retinoblastoma incidence for both sexes has increased. There was no difference in cumulative retinoblastoma incidence between males and females. Among all ethnic groups living in Uzbekistan, the highest retinoblastoma incidence occurred among Tartars and Uzbeks who frequently marry their family members. There was no difference in mortality of males and females. Over a 5-year period from the moment of diagnosis, almost every third child with retinoblastoma died of metastases. Most of retinoblastoma cases were represented by patients with late diagnosis. Before 1978, there was no information in Uzbekistan about the number of patients with malignant eye tumours, including retinoblastoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neonatal malignancies.

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Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2003

[Leukokoria. Diagnosis and treatment].

PURPOSE: Is to evaluate the importance of the imaging tests when the posterior segments of the eye cannot be visualized due the opaque ocular media. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The paper presents 50 patients with unilateral or bilateral leukokoria treated în the University Eye Hospital from Cluj-Napoca. The parameters who had been watched were: the visual acuity, ultrasonography of the eye, and the management of the lesions associated with leukokoria. The ultrasonography was indicated for the diagnosis of the conditions associated with leukokoria, using a transducer of 7.5 MHz. RESULTS: The conditions associated with leukokoria were: intraocular tumors în 8% of cases; congenital cataract în 24% of cases; persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous în 2% of cases; complicate or pathologic cataract în 27% of cases; retinopathy of prematurity în 6% of cases; vitreous opacities în 33% of cases. In 30% of cases ultrasonography of the eye was normal. Echography is also important for the differential diagnosis of secondary retinal detachment. We found exudative retinal detachment în 20% of cases; în 28% of cases there was a tumor retinal detachment, în 44% a tractional retinal detachment, and în 8% a posterior vitreous detachment. The performed management was represented by: enucleation în 12% of cases; EEC în 21% of cases; EEC + sinechiolisis în 11% of cases; sinechiolisis în 2% of cases; vitrectomy în 11% of cases; evisceration în 6% of cases; medical treatment în 20% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonography is an important imaging test for the diagnosis of the conditions associated with leukokoria. Taking into account echographic results the adequate treatment of the eye lesions can be established.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Retinoblastoma--hereditary eye cancer in children].

BACKGROUND: Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumour of the retina that occurs in early childhood. The aim of this paper is to give an updated review of the disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A review is given based on literature published over the last few years and on the authors' own experience. RESULTS: The yearly incidence of retinoblastoma is approximately one per 14 000 live births, which gives four new cases of retinoblastoma per year in Norway. The only known risk factor is heritage. Symptoms of retinoblastoma are strabismus, reduced visual acuity and red eye, but the absolutely most important sign is leukokoria (white pupillary reflex). Important diagnostic tools are ophthalmoscopy, ultrasonography, CT and MRI. The goal of treatment is to destroy all tumour tissue, but not the surrounding tissue. Treatment options are enucleation, chemotherapy, external beam radiation, radioactive isotope plaques, cryotherapy, photocoagulation, or a combination of these depending upon the size and location of the tumour. INTERPRETATION: The overall results in the treatment of retinoblastoma are favourable and have improved over the last few years because of better treatment modalities. The survival rate is approximately 95%. It is important that physicians bear in mind the signs of retinoblastoma and especially the alarming sign of leukokoria and acute strabismus in a child.

Child↗