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At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Inpatient withdrawal treatment of heroin dependence with neuroleptics--an approach to addicts].

The authors present a setting for abrupt withdrawal treatment with the following targets: 1. To facilitate the addicts the voluntary use of medical and psychiatric service. 2. To develop methods for withdrawal treatment, as riskless and easy to handle as possible. 3. To use the time of inpatient treatment for building up confidence in psychiatric services to motivate the patients for a following therapy. Drugs and dosage of peroral and intravenous neuroleptic treatment and possible complications are discussed. Peroral treatment has the advantage of lower doses, easier handling and lower complication rates. The setting and the used drugs seem to be attractive enough for many addicts to contact the clinic on their own account.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

[The value of EEG after sleep deprivation for the diagnosis of epileptic seizures, epilepsy and other cerebral disorders].

114 electroencephalographic and 49 clinical criteria of 1010 patients, including 64 healthy volunteers, were evaluated by means of a computer. In 549 patients with epileptic seizures spike wave (sw) paroxysms were seen in 13.3%. Following a 24-hour period of sleep deprivation sw paroxysms were present in 24.2% cases which represents an increase of 82.0%. The number of cases with focal discharges increased in this group from 21.3% initially to 27.5% after sleep deprivation, representing an increase of only 29.1%. The percentage increase in sw paroxysms and focal discharges following sleep deprivation was approximately as marked also in patients without epileptic seizures, so that sleep deprivation was found to be equally useful in patients with non-epileptic cerebral disorders. The rate of activation is higher in children and juveniles than in adults. Similarly, it is higher in patients with awaking epilepsy than in patients with sleep epilepsy. The influence of sleep deprivation and that of sleep, respectively, upon the provocation of EEG changes was not sharply differentiated. By counting sw paroxysms in the EEG before sleep deprivation, in the waking EEG following sleep deprivation, as well as in the subsequent sleeping EEG further evidence was obtained, however, supporting the suggestion that special significance may be attributed to sleep deprivation as a provocation method. If the activation of sw paroxysms and focal changes is related to sleep and sleep stages it can be shown that their frequency decreases from stage 1 to stage 4. In particular, the short fluctuations in vigilance, the waking reactions frequently occurring under routine laboratory conditions and the transitions between sleep stages were seen to assume trigger functions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Changes in the internal cuff pressure in intubated patients (author's transl)].

In 50 intubated patients the changes of pressure in the interior of the cuff were recorded during various methods of narcosis for 30 min. The results were evaluated statistically and interpreted with respect to the difference in the gas mixture and time. A linear increase of inner pressure in the cuff was established. Further modified experimental series are proposed.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1980

[Evaluation in vitro of the local anesthetic effect by means of the dose/stabilization effect curve].

The effect "in vitro" and "in vivo" of local anesthetics is normally evaluated at fixed time or considering the time required to obtain a per cent effect. We have attempted to estimate the dose/effect correlation at steady state using "in vitro" preparation of sciatic nerve-trunk of frog. Such an experiment is possible only if the concentrations of drugs tested are lower than those used in previous methods, so as not to inhibit the nerve fibres completely. The drugs tested were: lidocaine, procaine, promethazine and imipramine. Using linear regression analysis, it is possible to compare both the DE50 of the drugs tested and slopes of linear regression. In this manner we can better characterize the pharmacodynamic properties of local anesthetics.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed1982

Regional obstetric anesthesia and newborn behavior: a reanalysis toward synergistic effects.

The Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale was administered to 54 term, healthy infants on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 10. Infants were divided into 8 groups of maternal obstetrical medication. A separate drug factor score was computed from 4 variables: time from (1) first and (2) last drug administration to delivery, (3) number of different drugs, and (4) drug administrations. In order to determine the additive effects of drug and other obstetric factors on neonatal behavior, the drug group and drug factor score plus length of labor, parity, and the ponderal index were used in a series of multiple regression analyses to predict Brazelton scale cluster scores on each day. In a second set of multiple regressions, these variables were used to predict the infant's rate of behavioral change as estimated by the slopes of the Brazelton scale cluster scores across the 7 days. The results indicated that the combined effect of the predictor variables significantly explained 10%-28% of the variance in neonatal behavior. It was hypothesized that the effects of low levels of medication are subtle but may be unmasked when medication effects are studied in combination with other factors that may potentiate drug effects.

Alphaprodine↗
PubMed1980

The effects of scopolamine and ancillary analgesics upon the fetal heart rate recording.

Sixty-two fetal heart rate/uterine contraction recordings were examined prior to and following the administration of analgesia. Two groups, identified according to the receipt or absence of scopolamine, were evaluated concerning modification of baseline variability, beat-to-beat variability and fetal heart rate deceleration patterns. Scopolamine was found to be capable of eliciting fetal tachycardia, decreased beat-to-beat and baseline variability and decreased fetal heart rate decelerations. The mean one-minute Apgar scores for the two groups did not differ from each other nor from that of a control group that had not received any analgesia during labor.

Female↗