Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “PROGESTATIONAL HORMONES”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Comparative contraceptive efficacy and mechanism of action of the norgestimate-containing triphasic oral contraceptive.

Norgestimate (NGM), a derivative of 19-nortestosterone with very specific affinity for the progesterone receptor, has been used in combination with ethinyl estradiol (EE) at low doses in both monophasic and triphasic oral contraceptives (OCs). An open-label comparative clinical trial was conducted with 4,234 healthy women using comparative clinical trial was conducted with 4,234 healthy women using triphasic levonorgestrel (LUG)/EE and NGM/EE through a total of 22,312 menstrual cycles. Contraceptive (LUG)/EE and NGM/EE through a total of 22,312 menstrual cycles. Contraceptive efficacy was excellent with both preparations, with no statistically significant between-regimen differences in pregnancy rates. The theoretical Pearl index was the NGM/EE triphasic, and 0.34 for the LNG/EE triphasic. Adverse experiences in groups were typical of those that may occur among women taking low-dose OC agents. was similar with the two preparations: 8.6% for the NGM/EE triphasic and 6.8% for the LNG/EE triphasic. In a separate mechanism of action study, specific endocrine parameters were investigated in 20 subjects using the NGM/EE triphasic for 4 cycles. Ovulation suppression was demonstrated in statistically significant decreases from pretreatment values in serum levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, progesterone, and estradiol. Significant on-treatment increases in serum levels of sex hormone binding globulin evidenced minimal androgenicity. All hormonal values returned to or toward normal in the post-treatment cycle. The study results support those obtained in large noncomparative studies of the NGM/EE triphasic. This phased-dose combination suppresses ovulation and is a very effective, minimally androgenic contraceptive agent with a good safety profile.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Hormonal and menstrual changes after laparoscopic sterilization by Falope-rings or Filshie-clips.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of laparoscopic sterilization by Falope-rings (Cabot Medical Corp., Langhorne, PA) or Filshie-clips (Femcare, Nottingham, United Kingdom) on menstrual pattern and ovulatory function. DESIGN: A prospective, nonrandomized study of women sterilized by Falope-rings (n = 6) or Filshie-clips (n = 5). Menstrual charts were kept. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) were measured by means of radioimmunoassay in one cycle before and 3, 6, and 12 months after the sterilization. Blood samples were drawn on day -6, -2, 0, +6, +10 of the menstrual cycle, ovulation corresponding to day 0. The women sterilized by Filshie-clips had abdominal ultrasonography of the ovaries measuring the leading follicle on day -6, -2, 0, +6 of the menstrual cycle. PATIENTS: Twelve women, 25 to 38 years old, with regular menstrual cycles and no use of oral contraceptives or intrauterine contraceptive device at least 6 months before sterilization. One woman was excluded. RESULTS: After the sterilization, all women reported unchanged menstrual pattern. The follicular rise in E2 unchanged, and FSH levels fell accordingly. Progesterone levels were ovulatory, but the midluteal P peak 3 months poststerilization was significantly decreased. Serial abdominal ultrasonography in women sterilized by Filshie-clips confirmed ovulation in all cycles except in one woman, who had an unruptured follicle in one cycle before and in the sixth cycle after sterilization. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic sterilization by Falope-rings or Filshie-clips does not seem to interfere with menstrual pattern or ovulatory function.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Radioimmunoassay of serum medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera) in women following oral and intravaginal administration.

A radioimmunoassay (RIA) method for measuring medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA, Provera) in serum has been developed utilizing benzene:iso-octane extraction, 3H-MPA to assess procedural losses, goat anti-MPA-3-(0-carboxymethyl) oxime-bovine serum albumin serum and dextran-coated charcoal separation. Control serum blanks were undetectable, 200 pg/ml of MPA was measurable with a high reliability, and intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were 6 and 13 percent, respectively. MPA added to control serum was quantitatively recovered. Serum MPA levels measured in 2 women after ingestion of 10 mg MPA rose to 3.4 to 4.4 ng/ml within 1 to 4 hours after oral intake and fell rapidly thereafter to 0.3 to 0.6 ng/ml within 24 hours. Insertion of Silastic intra-vaginal rings (IVRs), containing 100 or 200 mg of MPA, into 4 women for periods of 3 weeks resulted in a rapid rise of serum MPA after insertion, rather stable MPA levels of 0.9 to 1.6 ng/ml while the IVRs were in place, and a rapid decline of serum MPA following IVR removal. Serum estradiol-17beta and progesterone concentrations, measured about 3 times a week in these patients, indicated that ovulation was consistently inhibited. The serum MPA levels observed in this study were approximately 5 times lower than those reported by other investigators using a double-antibody RIA of MPA in unextracted serum.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Clinical use of oestrogens and progestogens.

Oestrogens cure climacteric complaints and prevent the late sequelae of oestrogen deficiency. Prevention of myocardial infarction and of osteoporosis is now the main argument for long-term substitution of oestrogens and progestogens in the post-menopause and leads to a reduction of overall morbidity and mortality in users. Indications, contraindications, some side effects, risk-benefit and cost-benefit considerations are discussed and practical advice for oestrogen medication with regard to doses, preparations and the addition of progestogens is given.

Climacteric↗
PubMed1977

Effect of progestins on glucose and lipid metabolism.

Gestamimetic amounts of progesterone enhance basal and glucose-stimulated insulin production. Contraceptive doses of synthetic progestins cause a moderate increase or no change in glucose-stimulated insulin production, depending on route of administration and species tested. Estrogens potentiate the insulinotropic effects of progesterone and the synthetic progestins. Basal serum triglyceride concentrations are generally unaffected by progesterone or 17 alpha-acetoxyprogesterone treatment but may decrease during 19-nortestosterone administration. Glucose tolerance does not change during treatment with gestamimetic doses of progesterone alone but may improve in rats and monkeys during concurrent estrogen administration. By contrast, deterioration of glucose tolerance is observed in women treated concurrently with synthetic estrogen plus 19-nortestosterone derivatives and, occasionally, with 19-nortestosterone derivatives alone. No consistent changes in glucose metabolism have been observed after treatment with 17 alpha-acetoxyprogesterone derivatives alone. The cause of the species-related differences in glucose metabolism during 19-nortestosterone treatment is obscure.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Attenuation of mild hyperandrogenic activity in postpubertal acne by a triphasic oral contraceptive containing low doses of ethynyl estradiol and d,l-norgestrel.

The effect of a low dose triphasic oral contraceptive (OC) was evaluated during a 6-month treatment period in 41 patients (mean age, 25.4 +/- 0.7 yr) who had grade I-IV postpubertal acne and normal menses. The OC contained three dose levels of ethynyl estradiol and dl-norgestrel. Acne lesions were assessed, and serum androgen levels were measured during a control cycle and between days 17-21 of treatment cycles 1, 2, 3, and 6. Four patients dropped out after 3 months of treatment. Acne was significantly improved after the first OC cycle. After six cycles, the number of comedones had decreased by 79.6 +/- 3.2% (range, 50-100%) in 69.4% of the patients. Mean baseline levels of testosterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate were in the upper third of the normal range, with elevated individual values in 18.9%, 36.5%, and 26.8% of the women, respectively. Mean baseline levels of androstenedione, free testosterone (T), and 3 alpha-androstanediol glucuronide (3 alpha-diol-G) were above the normal range, with elevated individual values in 51.2%, 75.0%, and 85.4% of the patients, respectively. Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels were below the normal range in 26.8% of the cases. At the end of the first OC cycle, there was a significant (P less than 0.01) decrease in all androgen precursors and a 2-fold increase in SHBG. Androstenedione and free T decreased into the normal range during OC intake. Serum 3 alpha-diol-G levels remained elevated, but had decreased by 34.5% at cycle 6 (P less than 0.05). These results show that the triphasic OC has significantly improved acne in postpubertal women for whom acne was the main manifestation of mild hyperandrogenic activity. The improvement in acne corresponded to a decrease in adrenal/ovarian androgens and free T, which led to a decreased metabolism to 3 alpha-diol-G, presumably by the sebaceous glands. The increase in SHBG is considered an estrogenic effect, and the triphasic formulation containing low dose dl-norgestrel is not androgenic but, rather, an estrogen-dominant formulation; as such, this product is recommended in women requiring contraception who also have idiopathic acne.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1982

Plasma progesterone levels during long-term treatment with levonorgestrel silastic implants.

Plasma progesterone levels were measured in 113 women using a subdermal implant containing 200 mg levonorgestrel (NORPLANT) in an attempt to assess the roles of anovulation and inadequate luteal function in the contraceptive action of this method. Twenty-two women using an IUD (Copper T 200) served as a control group. Blood samples were taken twice a week for 6 consecutive weeks. This was done one to four times in each subject during the first 7 years after insertion of NORPLANT. Plasma progesterone was measured by a specific RIA and criteria based upon normal values in this laboratory were used to define each set of samples as ovulatory, uncertain or anovulatory. The rate of anovulation varied between 25 and 80% throughout the 7 years. The highest rate was observed during the first year of treatment of treatment. The rate of anovulation was significantly correlated with the plasma levels of levonorgestrel. Varying degrees of inadequate corpus luteum function were detected among NORPLANT users. All sets of samples in the control group were ovulatory and compatible with normal luteal function. These results clearly show that continuous administration of levonorgestrel by means of NORPLANT interferes with ovulation and/or luteal function in a significant proportion of cycles throughout the first 7 years of use.

Adult↗