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At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Certificates of added qualifications in orthopedic surgery.

The debate on the issue of certificates of added qualifications (CAQs) will continue since the arguments are strong in each direction. Unlike orthopedic surgery, the vast majority of medical specialties link certification with accreditation (CAQs with fellowship training). Differentiation in specialties and subspecialties is inevitable because of the advances in science and technology and the influence of social and economic factors. Accreditation and certification both have an important role in the definition of new and established subspecialties and the goal to genuinely improve patient care. Constant and repetitive reassessment of these issues is critical.

Accreditation↗
PubMed1990

Lasers in podiatry and orthopedics.

Laser use in podiatry has proved very beneficial for many conditions of the foot. Laser use in orthopedics is beginning to evolve as the benefits that can be derived from the this technology are being realized. The CO2, Nd:YAG, and argon systems are being used and investigated, and new applications are being introduced.

Foot Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[Prophylactic antibiotic therapy using oxacillin (Bristopen) in pediatric orthopedic surgery].

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of oxacillin in the prophylaxis of bone infections in orthopaedic surgery in children. Staphylococcus is the usual pathogen in orthopaedics. This is the reason of our choice: oxacillin. 420 patients are included: 195 control patients did not receive any prophylactic antibiotherapy; 225 patients received oxacillin. The oxacillin treatment started at anaesthetic induction and was carried on for 72 hours. In the control group, 7 superficial and 4 deep infections were observed, while a single superficial infection was noted in the oxacillin-treated group. This easy and inexpensive prophylactic treatment gave excellent results. We think that it should be systematically administered in orthopedic surgery to ensure as little complication as possible to the child.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Evolution and present status of orthopedic microsurgery in Greece.

Replantation of complete or incomplete nonviable amputations of digits, hands, and major limbs along with a number of reconstructive microsurgical procedures reflect the work that has been done in the field of orthopedic microsurgery in Greece during the last ten years. The history of trauma microsurgery in Greece starts in the mid-1970s, when the first attempts were directed toward patients with complete or incomplete nonviable amputations of digits and hands. Few cases of major limb replantations without the aid of an operating microscope or other means of magnification have been reported for the years 1965-1975. The first successful digital replantation was performed in 1979 on a female patient with multiple digit amputations; only the little finger was successfully replanted. More than 310 replantations and revascularization procedures have been performed during the past decade, mainly in two major replantation centers, with an overall success rate of 85% for complete and 90% for incomplete nonviable amputations. Reconstructive microsurgical procedures are mainly related to free skin flaps, vascularized bone grafts, toe-to-thumb transfer, and peripheral nerve microsurgery.

Greece↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Continuous block of the brachial plexus with nerve stimulation. Intra and postoperative control in orthopedic surgery of the arm].

A perivascular axillary plexus block was performed to 87 patients scheduled for orthopedic surgery of hand or arm using an electric nerve stimulator. A catheter was inserted for the postoperative pain control. The success rate was of 90.8% (79 cases); 65 patients (74.7%) presented a complete motor block. Complications were: arterial puncture (3), difficulty in inserting catheter (3), injection out of the sheath (1), pain at the electric stimulation (3). No allergic reactions nor neurologic complications were founded during a year of posterior control.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Use of intramuscular butorphanol for the treatment of postoperative orthopedic pain in adolescents: a pilot study.

A pilot study was conducted to evaluate the use of butorphanol, administered intramuscularly in 0.7-mg to 3-mg doses, in 27 adolescents with postoperative orthopedic pain. Butorphanol provided good or excellent pain relief in 24 (89%) patients. The duration of the relief was about three to four hours. The only adverse effect experienced in more than one patient was urinary retention, possibly associated with the use of fentanyl, which was administered for balanced anesthesia, and/or with the surgical procedure (spinal fusion). Tolerance and safety were rated as good or excellent in 100% of the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Orthopedics in infancy (author's transl)].

Early diagnosis and treatment is of decisive importance for the prognosis of many orthopedic diseases in infancy, especially of congenital skeletal lesions. Taking as examples deformities of the foot, hip dysplasia and luxation and infantile scoliosis, the principles of diagnosis and guide lines for therapy are indicated. Diseases of the locomotor apparatus can be considerably improved and late lesions to a great extent prevented by early recognition and treatment combined with good interdisciplinary cooperation.

Arthrogryposis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ambulatory surgery in traumatic orthopedics].

The use of ambulatory surgery for orthopedic injuries over a 6-year period is reported. The hand was involved in 54% of cases but it is logical to extend these techniques to cover other fields, as shown by this report. The various local and regional types of anesthesia are discussed and emphasis placed on important pre-and post-operative modalities. No major anesthetic or surgical complication was observed. The method possesses advantages with respect to Health Care costs but inconveniences within the overall budget framework.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1988

Double-blind comparison between nalbuphine and pentazocine in the control of postoperative pain after orthopedic surgery.

A double blind randomized study was done to compare Nalbuphine 20 mg I.M. to pentazocine 30 mg I.M. for postoperative pain relief after orthopedic surgery. This dose of pentazocine was choosen according to reports in the literature and to our standard practice. Sixty patients entered the study and were observed regularly till up 6 h post injection. The test drug was given when a pain score of 6 was shown on a VAS from 0 to 10. Onset, duration and quality of pain relief were significantly superior for nalbuphine with 50% of the patients still having no or only moderate pain at the end of the observation period. Cardiovascular and side effect were in both groups minor.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Prevention of complications in orthopedic surgery secondary to nutritional depletion.

One of the major factors in the prevention of complications in orthopedic surgery patients is the maintenance of adequate nutrition. Trauma and elective surgery patients have nutritional requirements that are far greater than is generally realized. The use of nutritional assessment profiles will help to reveal patients who are malnourished or becoming malnourished, and will help to assess nutritional replacement. Protein and calorie malnutrition has a significant effect on wound healing, immunocompetence, and fracture healing. Surgeons should have the nutritional status of their patients in mind at all times and thereby avoid the complications associated with malnutrition.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

[Orthopedic local treatment of metastatic bone tumor].

Since 1971, we have treated 76 patients with metastatic bone tumor. Forty-eight of 76 cases were treated surgically. In 34 cases, removal of metastatic foci of the spine was attempted from the anterior and/or posterior approach. In the remaining 14 cases, resection of the tumor with or without prosthetic replacement, osteosynthesis, or amputation was performed according to the site of bone metastasis. In cases of spinal metastasis, if foci were located anteriorly, resection and replacement of vertebral body by ceramic spacer and/or bone cement was effective for both relief of pain and reduction of paralysis. If foci were located posteriorly, however, the results of simple laminectomy were poor, and those of spinal instrumentation in addition to laminectomy were satisfactory. In the treatment of metastatic foci of pelvis, scapula and long bone, the results of orthopedic surgery were satisfactory, because relief of pain and maintenance of function were achieved in almost all cases. From the standpoint of prolongation of life, 15 out of 76 cases (20%) were alive with or without disease; 13 of them were treated not only surgically but also by radiation and/or chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The orthopedic evaluation of the neonate.

A method for the orthopedic evaluation of a child during the neonatal period of life has been discussed. Emphasis has been placed on conditions affecting the lower extremities such as spinal anomalies, congenitally dislocated hip, and congenital foot disorders. Early detection and medical intervention can play an important role in lower extremity function.

Extremities↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of propofol in short-term orthopedic surgery].

The use of propofol for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia was investigated in 77 patients undergoing orthopedic surgery scheduled to last no longer than 1 h. General anaesthesia is induced with 2 mg X kg-1 propofol, and maintained with repeated bolus of half induction dose of propofol (given when anaesthesia is judged too light). Anaesthesia was successfully induced with the single dose of propofol 2 mg X kg-1 in 93% patients, the others needed additional bolus dose of 1 to 2 mg X kg-1. For maintenance, mean rate of propofol was 0.148 mg X kg-1 X min-1. The recovery time was 15 minutes after the last bolus of propofol. The most noticeable side effects were apnoea during induction (89%), and painful injection (35%). Propofol is a short acting intravenous anaesthetic devoided of serious side effect which appears very useful for day case surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Overview of on-line information data bases in orthopedics.

For the last 20 to 25 years, American society has experienced exponential growth in the amount of medical information available. With the advent of computers and microcomputers, much of this information has been organized into on-line computer data bases accessible by health care practitioners. This article presents an overview of those on-line data bases that contain information of interest to the orthopedic health care professional.

MEDLARS↗
PubMed1986

Orthopedic simulation for microcomputers.

Graphic illustration has, for many years, played an important role in medical education. This article discusses the means for adapting graphic material to enhance orthopedic educational efforts using the microcomputer.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1986

[Antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated from pathological specimens and utilization of beta-lactams in an orthopedic surgery service].

From 1980 to 1984, computerized data on the sensitivity to the main antibiotics of 1991 strains isolated from clinical specimens were evaluated in relation to beta-lactam use and hospital activity in a unit of orthopedic surgery. No major variations were found in distribution of species throughout the study period, whereas sensitivity to antimicrobial agents changed. From 1980 to 1982, patients had postoperative prophylactic treatment with cephalosporin (cefazolin) for two days; during the same period, 59% of 557 Gram negative organisms were resistant to cefazolin and 31% of Staphylococci were resistant to methicillin (and to other antibiotics). In 1983 and 1984, cefazolin was replaced by intraoperative flash therapy with a penicillin-M (cloxacillin); concomitantly, sensitivity to cefazolin increased among Gram negative organisms (38% of 485 isolates were cefazolin-resistant; p less than 0.001) and Staphylococci (16% of 342 isolates were methicillin-resistant; p less than 0.001). Phage typing of S. aureus failed to disclose any epidemic outbreak. Since hospital activity remained the same throughout the period under study, it seems justified to correlate the increase in bacterial sensitivity observed to the decrease in use of cephalosporin, although other factors (microepidemic, isolation techniques) may be involved.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗