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At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Hepatitis B vaccination rates among medical personnel at Ain Shams University Hospital and obstacles to vaccine uptake.

The current study included 1426 medical personnel working at Ain Shams University hospitals selected randomly; 354 staff members, 679 junior doctors (residents and internships) and 393 nurses. The overall vaccination coverage with at least one dose of HB vaccine was 40.6%. The overall coverage with 3 doses of HB vaccine was 29.1%. The mean number of working years was higher among the vaccinated group. More than 55% of personnel who had direct exposure or contact with blood were not vaccinated. HB vaccine uptake was conducted at the work place by 65.6% of vaccinated personnel and about 50% received the vaccine recently, i.e. less than one year. The side effects experienced by vaccinated subjects were local pain (5.4%) and headache (0.7%). About 38% of included personnel were not sure about the effectiveness of HB vaccine, and 47% do not know exactly the duration of vaccine validity. The current price of the vaccine was unaffordable as stated by 60.9% of subjects and 95.2% concluded that the vaccine should be funded. It was recommended that the work place is the best place for HB vaccine uptake by 80.9% of subjects and the vaccine should be obligatory for all medical personnel by 84.3% of subjects.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1998

Personal factors and working conditions as predictors of work injuries among industrial workers.

The purpose of this study was to determine the personal factors and working conditions that predict work injuries among industrial workers. To fulfill this aim, a case control study was conducted including 2003 industrial workers who sustained a work injury and an equal number of controls. All were subjected to an interview questionnaire to collect relevant information. Moreover, records were reviewed to obtain the medical history of enrolled workers. Data revealed that workers in the index and control groups are comparable in respect to their sociodemographic characteristics. The multivariate logistic regression analysis pointed out that safety training significantly reduces the risk of work accidents among industrial workers. On the other hand, work accidents are more likely to occur in the main working shift. Moreover, workers who suffer from chronic health problems calling for surgical treatment, as well as those who reported family problems, are more likely to experience work accidents. These workers should receive considerable attention to reduce the extent of work injuries. More importantly, safety-training programs are mandatory for accident prevention in industrial settings.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMedDate not supplied

HIV: the debate over isolation as a measure of personal control.

In the biomedical ethical debates over HIV/AIDS, the issue of personal control measures, including isolation and detention, should be addressed critically. Taking account of historical experience with epidemics and current legislation, several major policy options are identified, each of which has drawbacks. A sliding scale of personal control measures culminating in limited detention may offer a balance between private responsibility and public health to ensure responsible behaviour. Any measure of personal control must be linked to fully implemented, positive programmes in education and counselling within a coherent strategy for which there is no coercitive substitute.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Helping women helping children: drug policy and future generations.

Our primary social response to substance abuse during pregnancy has been legal, punitive, and coercive. Rooted in the belief that the maternal-fetal relationship is primarily adversarial in nature, this response is unlikely to deter women from abusing drugs during pregnancy. An alternative perspective in which the maternal-fetal relationship is viewed as an interactive unit where the needs of one define the needs of both would be more appropriate. Only by assisting rather than punishing women are we likely to help them, their fetuses, and their children.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Who seeks HIV testing? The impact of risk, knowledge, and state regulatory policy on the testing decision.

This study examines the determinants of an individual's decision to be tested for HIV infection. Using data from the 1988 AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes Survey we develop and test a conceptual model of the factors that impact the testing decision. We estimate the impact that individuals' risk characteristics, sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge about HIV infection, and access to testing have on their decision to be tested. We also examine the impact of state confidentiality policies on the testing decision. Our results indicate that risk group membership, knowledge about HIV infection, and the sociodemographic characteristics of the individual exert a significant impact on the decision to receive an HIV test. In addition, state policies that preserve confidentiality also have a significant effect on an individual's decision to be tested.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1991

Health access America--strengthening the US health care system.

Although Americans remain generally satisfied with the health care provided to them, sufficient access to high-quality, affordable health care for citizens without health care insurance has become an increasing problem in the last decade. Using the policy development process of the American Medical Association, Health Access America was conceived by the Association to improve access to affordable, high-quality health care. The proposal consists of six fundamental principles and 16 key points. This article specifically focuses on the five points that, if enacted into law, would improve access to health care for Americans who are, for various reasons, without health insurance.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

AIDS: family physicians' attitudes and experiences.

A study was developed to examine the current experiences and opinions of a national sample of family physicians with regard to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The survey response rate was 72.5% (757 questionnaires were returned out of a sample of 1044). Approximately 47% of respondents have cared for an HIV-infected patients. This percentage varied from a low of 31.4% in the Midwest to as high as 56.1% on the East Coast. Thirty-two percent of family physicians practicing in communities of fewer than 2500 have dealt with this illness, while 60% of those in communities of greater than 100,000 have done so. Seventy-seven percent of respondents are willing to provide care to HIV-infected individuals; 62.9% believe that physicians have a right to refuse to care for a patient because he or she is infected with the AIDS virus. Forty percent believe that they would lose patients if it were known that they were caring for an AIDS patient in their office. Finally, the vast majority of those surveyed favor required partner notification and would inform the sexual partner of an HIV-positive patient if the patient refused to do so.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗