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At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

A simplified human whole blood assay for measurement of dust mite-specific gamma interferon production in vitro.

A simplified microassay for the measurement of spontaneous and dust mite antigen-induced gamma interferon (IFN) production in vitro using unseparated human blood has been developed. Gamma IFN in 72-hour culture supernatants was measured using a solid phase radioimmunoassay. Maximum production in allergic patients occurred between 25 and 50 micrograms/mL of mite antigen. Both spontaneous and antigen-stimulated levels were highest in the group of mite-allergic patients compared with nonallergic patients or normal controls. Gamma IFN production was lower in a group of mite-allergic patients on immunotherapy compared with the nonimmunotherapy group. Treatment with even small doses of oral corticosteroids completely obliterated both spontaneous and stimulated gamma IFN production. These results indicate that this whole blood assay coupled with a lymphokine radioimmunoassay is a convenient, rapid, and sensitive method for measuring cell-mediated immunity to allergens and responses to IT or drug treatment that can be easily adapted to testing large number of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

House dust mites in the West Indies.

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the house dust mite. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) and Dermatophagoides farinae (Df), in allergic diseases on the island of St. Lucia. Dust samples were taken from living quarters of patients and hospital volunteers. The level of Df antigen in these living quarters was measured by RAST inhibition. All samples showed Df antigen within a large range of values. Prick tests were done to house dust mite and molds on 91 patients with suspected allergic disease with 63 (69%) reacting to at least one antigen. Of these, 56 (88.9%) reacted to one or both mites. House dust mite is a major allergen in St. Lucia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Epidemiological study of mites and guanine in house dust.

The total number of mites, and the amount of guanine contained in house dust was determined in samples obtained from homes with and without asthmatic patients in Yokohama City. The data were quantified and their possible association with various factors within the home was examined. The largest number of mites and the greatest amount of guanine were most strongly associated with carpet floor coverings, followed by tatami mats, and then by wooden flooring. A multi-variate analysis revealed that the major factors influencing the number of mites and the amount of guanine in homes were the living room flooring, and the age of the house. Correlation to such living factors ranged from 60 to 70 percent. In the families with asthmatics the frequency of cleaning was an important additional factor. This likely was a result of the strict instructions given by doctors to asthmatic patients. It was shown that the amount of guanine contained in house dust is an indicator of not only the number of mites but also of the amount of allergens contained in home dust.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Eradication of ear mites from naturally infested conventional research rabbits using ivermectin.

Rabbits naturally infested with ear mites were treated with ivermectin injection for cattle, subcutaneously at the rate of 400 mcg/kg; which was repeated in 15 to 17 days. Rabbits treated as described and housed in a conventional vivarium environment were found to be free of mites during a subsequent 33 to 139 day observation period. Side effects were minimal and associated with occasional transient discomfort at the injection site. Ivermectin appears to be safe and effective for treating rabbits with ear mites. The prospects of eradicating mites from infested rabbit colonies using this method of treatment is promising.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The fauna, number and spatial distribution of mites (Acari) in house dust in Moscow].

There is a wide and strong allergenic background in Moscow, which is determined by relatively high population density and regular frequency of the allergenic mites in various premises. 34 species have been identified, 5 of them are allergen producers. The mites of the family Pyroglyphidae are the main component of the house dust fauna. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae distributed all over the world are predominate. A comparative evaluation of the fauna structure, numbers and frequency of the allergenic mites in the flat dust of the allergic patients and healthy people as well as premises is given. Possible importance of the premises in prevalence and circulation of the allergenic mites in the modern town is estimated for the first time.

Allergens↗
PubMed1990

House dust mites in Williamsburg, Virginia.

House dust allergy is a common medical ailment. It has been well established that mites of the genus Dermatophagoides (house dust mites) are an important source of allergens and that mite counts greater than 300 per gram of dust are associated with symptoms of asthma. A survey of 22 houses in Williamsburg, Virginia, during the month of August revealed that all had mite populations exceeding this number. This may explain in part the high incidence of allergy in the Williamsburg area.

Allergens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in histamine liberation induced by house dust mites after the administration of procaterol].

The number of patients clinically suffering from rhinitis and/or asthma is very important in any collective of our society. The usage of drugs with a bronchodilator effect as a symptomatic therapy has been widely studied. However, the appearance of new products which complements the effect of bronchodilator and antianaphylactic union has not been sufficiently studied. The motive of this study is to evaluate the inhibition of histamine as the primary and principal mediator, liberated specifically by the Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae before and four hours after drug administration. Conditions for inclusion were the following: To be affected by rhinitis and/or extrinsic asthma induced by house dust mites. Not to have been previously treated with immunotherapy. Be free of previous prophylactic or symptomatic medication. Prick test positive to house dust mites. Serum IgE concentration higher than 100 U.I./ml. Specific histamine release by antigens with a value lower than 10% of the total histamine. The results obtained were based on 21 patients affected with rhinitis and/or asthma induced by dust mites and show that Procaterol produces a moderate reduction on the liberation of histamine as much as 58.6 and 57.4 for dust mites D. pteronyssinus and farinae respectively, four hours after ingestion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Study on the clinical usefulness of RAST using insect and mite allergen discs].

In order to examine the usefulness of mite and insect RAST, RAST was carried out on 79 asthmatic patients using mite, cockroach, mosquito and larval chironomid midge (Chironomus thummi thummi, CTT) allergen discs supplied from Pharmacia AB, and discs of two species of adult chironomid midge (Tokunagayusurika akamusi, TA and Chironomus yoshimatsui, CY in Japan) which were prepared in our laboratories. The results were as follows. 1) The positive rate of RAST in 65 randomly selected asthmatic patients was 62% in the case of mite, 25% for TA, 20% for CY, 14% for cockroach, 11% for CTT, 8% for silk and 6% for mosquito. The positive rates of silk and mosquito RAST were low. However, these RAST seemed to be clinically useful when patients were positive to these RAST. 2) The rate of coincidence between skin test and RAST was 86.5% in the case of mite and 30% in the case of silk. The rate of coincidence between prick test using adult CY and RAST using larval CTT was 46.5%. 3) The positive rate of larval CTT RAST was about half that of adult TA or adult CY. However, larval CTT RAST seemed clinically useful when patients were positive to the RAST, because all the patients who were positive to larval CTT RAST were also positive to both adult TA and CY RAST. 4) A significant correlation was found among the three kind of chironomid midge RAST and also between cockroach RAST and any of the three kinds of chironomid midge RASTs.

Allergens↗
PubMed1989

[The correlation of serum IgE and IgE-RAST of mite, egg white, milk, soybean, rice and wheat: a study by analysis of regression curves].

The correlation of variation in serum IgE and IgE-RAST in 364 cases of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) aged 4 months to 78 years was analysed by comparison with the scatter diagram and fifth dimension regression curve representing the serum IgE and IgE-RAST scores of mite, egg white, milk, soybean, wheat and rice. The antigens indicating a high IgE-RAST score varied according to age. They were egg white and milk in infancy and mite from one to fifteen years of age. Rice and wheat came later. A high value of serum IgE with AD was seen to depend on the production of specific mite IgE antibody and to be influenced by each specific IgE antibody production, which varied according to age. It seemed that egg white and milk were initiators of AD and mite acted as a promotor. Rice and wheat were accelerators in patients with adult type AD. It was confirmed that, for AD patients of all ages, improvement of the environmental antigens and diet therapy was necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Production of IgE antibodies to mite in guinea pigs by nasal immunization.

There has been no report that IgE antibodies can be raised in guinea pigs by immunizations through respiratory tracts. We dropped a 0.1 ml mixture of 50 micrograms mite extract and aluminium hydroxide gel (Alum) into each of both nostrils of 5 guinea pigs. A mite extract alone was dropped into the nostrils of another 5 guinea pigs. The immunization was done every week. IgE antibodies were detected in one of guinea pigs sensitized 5 times with Alum + mite and also in another guinea pig in the same group sensitized 10 times. No IgE antibodies were detected in the animals immunized with mite alone.

Alum Compounds↗
PubMed1988

Solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for anti-mite IgE and IgG antibodies in allergic patients.

Solid-phase enzyme immunoassays for the measurement of anti-mite IgE and IgG antibodies in the sera of mite-allergic patients were developed. In both assays, microtiter plates coated with the crude extract of Dermatophagoides farinae were used. The solid-phase enzyme immunoassay detected mite-specific IgE and IgG antibodies in sera of 18 and 15 out of 20 allergic patients, respectively. The correlation coefficient between the two antibody titers in patients' sera was 0.74, which was statistically significant (P less than .01). Both of the assays require no special facilities for radioactive materials and are considered to be useful in practice for the diagnosis of allergy to house dust mites by combining the results of the two assays.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Developmental stages of the mite Varroa jacobsoni Oudemans, 1904 (Acari: Dermanyssidae)].

The mite Varroa jacobsoni Oudemans, 1904, is a dangerous parasite of bees which has spread over Europe and other continents in recent two decades. The rapid spreading of the parasite has become a serious problem to veterinarians and bee-keepers in many countries of the world. The development of the mite Varroa jacobsoni has not yet been studied in all details. A detailed taxonomic description of the developmental stages of female and male mite is presented. The female develops from egg into larva, nymph I and nymph II. No deutonymph II has been found in the development of the males, so it is assumed that, like in some other parasitic mite species, this stage is missing in the development of Varroa jacobsoni males. It has been concluded from the morphology of the mouth parts that the adult male cannot parasitize the pupae nor adult bees and that it does not take in food during its short life.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experimental study of the participation of gamasid mites and fleas in circulating the tick-borne encephalitis virus (a review)].

The paper presents analysis of literary data on experimental infection of 11 species of gamasid mites and 10 species of fleas with tick-borne encephalitis virus (TE) and experiments on transmission of the virus to animals by 9 species of gamasids and 14 species of fleas. Nearly all investigated species can perceive the virus, preserve it from some hours to two months and transmit it to animals within a period of 24 hours to two months after experimental infection. The fact of transmission of the virus to animals was established by the presence of recipients in the brain or by the presence of antibodies. To settle the question of the possible participation of gamasids and fleas in the circulation of the virus TE in nature threshold doses of the virus for infection of mites and fleas of different species, mechanism of transmission of the virus to animals by gamasid mites, facultative haematophags , titers and terms of virusemia in animals which obtained the virus from gamasid mites or fleas should be established.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Efficacy and dissipation of permethrin for the control of the northern fowl mite in hens.

Laying hens were treated with permethrin at the rate of 20 mg per bird to determine efficacy against northern fowl mites Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Canestrini and Fanzago) and the dissipation of residues over a 42-day period. Permethrin provided greater than 99% control of mites for at least 42 days posttreatment as compared to malathion which did not substantially reduce mite infestations. Carbaryl and coumaphos treatment resulted in limited reductions with mite populations recovering by two to three weeks posttreatment. Maximum residues of permethrin in breast muscle, body fat and the uropidium occurred on day 1 posttreatment and were still present in fatty tissue in detectable quantities on day 42. Residues in egg yolk appeared on day 3 posttreatment and peaked on day 7 with trace quantities still present on day 21. Permethrin was not found in egg white. Low residues were found in the liver and gizzard from day 1 through to day 7.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[The mite allergen and allergoid stimulation of histamine secretion by mast cells].

Rat peritoneal mast cells were incubated with serum from highly mite-sensitive patients. It was demonstrated that exposure of passive sensitized mast cells to allergen from mites Dermatophagoides farinae induced the release of histamine. Exposure of mast cells to 10 micrograms/ml and 50 micrograms/ml mite allergen resulted in an increase of histamine secretion to 48% of the basal level. The allergoid (formaldehyde-modified mite allergen) had poor histamine-releasing activity compared to allergen. The allergoid (50 micrograms/ml) induced a 2.5-fold decrease in histamine release. The allergen at the same concentrations and the same release as allergen in dose 0.1 microgram/ml.

Allergens↗
PubMed1995

Four species of house dust mites recovered from houses of patients with allergic respiratory diseases.

Arthropods and their products are wide spread and considered one of the common allergens affecting man. Allergy to arthropod antigens is the major cause of respiratory allergy as rhinitis and bronchial asthma. The range of reaction depends on several factors which include the type and source of the material, the rate of intensity, the duration of exposure, the human immune response and history of prior exposure. Successful management of allergic disease depends on proper identification of the causative allergen and reduce exposure to this allergen. Generally speaking, the house dust is not a simple substance but an accumulation of living and non living parts as mites, pollens, molds, dander and decaying insects. In the present study, four species of mites were isolated from the dust collected from the houses of patients with allergic respiratory diseases. The species were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, D. farinae, Ornithonyssus bacoti and Haemogamassus pontiger. The two species of Dermatophagoides. were the predominant mites which are known to produce the most potent allergies. Studying the serum immunoglobulins level showed that the IgE had a highly significant concentration among respiratory allergic patients (28) with (5) or without (23) atopic dermatitis. It was concluded that house dust mites, that cause inhalant allergens, are one of the main aetiological factors of allergic respiratory diseases, with or without atopic dermatitis.

Allergens↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical study of the effectiveness of filters in vacuum cleaners for reducing the concentration of dust mites in the household].

The faeces of the dust mite are the most significant source of allergy for those allergic to the dust mite. During vacuum cleaning, faecal particles are emitted from the cleaner and into the air to form pathological concentrations. The aim of the study was to discover if these extreme concentrations could be prevented by the use of appropriate filters. As the allergen source, dust mite faeces were used. A Miele vacuum cleaner type S424i was used without filter, with S-Class filter, and with Super Air Clean Filter. In the first test 1 g, and in the second test 2 g of dust mite faecal particles were evenly spread and then vacumed up. While using each filter in turn, the expelled air was measured for faecal concentrations. The analysis was performed by counting the number of faecal particles, and determining the content of major allergen Der p I in the expelled air. Without a filter there was a massive concentration of faecal particles in the expelled air. The simple filter Type (S-class-filter) achieved a significant reduction on the emission of allergens. The more complex special filter (Super air clean filter), was able to remove all traces of allergens from the expelled air.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗
PubMed1994

[Special cloth futon-cover (Miroguard) as a protection against house dust mite exposure].

We studied the efficacy of a special cloth encasing (Microguard) in protecting against house dust mite exposure. We vaccumed dust from right or left half surface of a shiki-futon (Japanese style mattress). Then we encased the shiki-futon by a new special encasing, vaccumed dust from the other part of the shiki-futon and got a pair of dust samples. We had done the same of the same shiki-futon by a used special encasing (used for one and half years) for about 2 weeks later. We prepared 7 shiki-futons and collected 14 pair dust samples. We weighed the dust and measured the mite allergens with a monoclonal antibody to Dermatophagoides pteronissynius and Dermatophagoides farinae. The dust level was 1.0% of the control (no encasing) in the new encasing group and 2.0% of the control in the used encasing group. The Der I concentration was 2.5 micrograms/(g dust) in the new encasing group and 3.2 micrograms/(g dust) in the used encasing group. The Der II concentration was 1.6 micrograms/(g dust). The total amount of Der I was 0.1% of the control in the new encasing group and 0.5% of the control in the used encasing group. The total amount of Der II was 0.2% of the control in the new encasing group and 0.7% of the control in the used encasing group. We compared Der p and Der f levels in the dust samples which we assayed and found no significant differences either in Der I or in Der II allergen. We concluded that Microguard was a useful tool to avoid mite allergen exposure by reducing not only the concentration of mite allergens but also the amount of dust.

Allergens↗