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PubMedDate not supplied

Toxicological and environmental health information from the National Library of Medicine.

The National Library of Medicine's Toxicology and Environmental Health Information Program is the outgrowth of a 1966 document on "Handling of Toxicological Information," prepared by the Presidents Science Advisory Committee (National Library of Medicine, 1995). The Toxicology and Environmental Health Program is responsible for the creation and deployment of both bibliographic and factual files concerned with toxicology, carcinogenesis, developmental and reproductive effects of chemical substances, toxic chemical releases, and the medical and environmental behavior of chemical substances. The two main computer systems that provide bibliographic and factual data banks are Toxicology Data Network (TOXNET) and ELHILL. A number of the files found in the TOXNET system are built and maintained by other federal agencies such as the National Cancer Institute, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Variations in Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) mapping: from the natural language of patron terms to the controlled vocabulary of mapped lists.

OBJECTIVES: This study compared the mapping of natural language patron terms to the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) across six MeSH interfaces for the MEDLINE database. METHODS: Test data were obtained from search requests submitted by patrons to the Library of the Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, over a nine-month period. Search request statements were parsed into separate terms or phrases. Using print sources from the National Library of Medicine, Each parsed patron term was assigned corresponding MeSH terms. Each patron term was entered into each of the selected interfaces to determine how effectively they mapped to MeSH. Data were collected for mapping success, accessibility of MeSH term within mapped list, and total number of MeSH choices within each list. RESULTS: The selected MEDLINE interfaces do not map the same patron term in the same way, nor do they consistently lead to what is considered the appropriate MeSH term. CONCLUSIONS: If searchers utilize the MEDLINE database to its fullest potential by mapping to MeSH, the results of the mapping will vary between interfaces. This variance may ultimately impact the search results. These differences should be considered when choosing a MEDLINE interface and when instructing end users.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Connecting the health sciences community to the Internet: the NLM/NSF grant program.

In 1992, as part of its high-performance computing and communications initiative, the National Library of Medicine decided to provide health sciences institutions with Internet connection grants similar to those offered to universities by the National Science Foundation. Although library involvement is not required, librarian and library uses have been the most common category in the applications received.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1977

Women and health sciences librarianship: an overview.

In biomedical libraries, as in other areas of librarianship, women continue to be underrepresented in administrative positions. This paper reviews some of the factors contributing to the present situation and discusses implications and suggested courses of action for health sciences librarians.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1995

Twenty-first-century science.

Scientific life is changing in fundamental ways as the twenty-first century approaches. Advances in technology are changing methods of scientific communications and dissemination of information, while diminishing resources lead to stabilization, politicization, increased public oversight, and the potential for significant downsizing. Libraries can foster the crucial interdisciplinary connections necessary to forge a new vision of scholarship.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1967

PIL: a control procedure for technical services management.

An acquisitions control procedure at the University of New Mexico Library of the Medical Sciences is described. Using an IBM 360/40, a program has been written to keep the acquisitions section and the administration apprised of the status of materials ordered or donated to the library. Future modifications of the program are also described.

Computers↗
PubMed1998

An essay on reflection.

From the vantage point of her personal experience, the author examines milestones since the 1960s which have changed the medical library profession and helped shape the Medical Library Association. The advent of automation, including cataloging with OCLC and online literature searching through the SUNY Biomedical Communication Network, was a dramatic event that transformed the work and priorities of librarians, fulfilling the dreams of earlier visionaries. The application of technology in libraries led to an increased demand for education and training for librarians. The Medical Library Association responded with continuing education programs, and a series of important reports influenced how the association filled its role in professional development. Legislation providing federal funding, such as the Medical Library Assistance Act, resulted in a period of expansion for libraries and their services. The Medical Library Association has developed a legislative agenda to influence action in areas such as copyright. In the future, health sciences librarians must take a leadership role.

Education, Continuing↗
PubMed2001

Library of FT-Raman spectra of pigments, minerals, pigment media and varnishes, and supplement to existing library of Raman spectra of pigments with visible excitation.

Sixty pigments, minerals and media have been analysed by Fourier-transform Raman (FT-Raman) microscopy in order to assemble a database of reference FT-Raman spectra for scientists working at the Arts-Science interface. An earlier library of Raman spectra compiled using visible excitation has been extended by the addition of 22 further reference spectra obtained with 780.0, 647.1, 632.8 and/or 514.5 nm excitation. The relative merits of 1064 nm and visible excitation are discussed.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed1983

Technology at Washington University School of Medicine Library: BACS, PHILSOM, and OCTANET.

A brief overview of the Bibliographic Access and Control System developed by the Washington University School of Medicine Library is presented. Because the system has been described in two previous reports, this paper focuses on its relationship to other automated programs (i.e., PHILSOM and OCTANET), education of users, evaluation of the system, and outreach to the medical center. In operation for more than two years, BACS represents the computerization of much of the managerial and operational functions of the library, and marks the completion of stage 1 of the three stages of library evolution described in the AAMC report Academic Information in the Academic Health Sciences Center: Roles for the Library in Information Management.

Computers↗
PubMed1993

Defining critical residues in the epitope for a HIV-neutralizing monoclonal antibody using phage display and peptide array technologies.

A peptide display library [Scott and Smith, Science 249 (1990) 386-390] was constructed that expressed 1.5 x 10(8) unique 20-amino-acid (aa) peptides fused to the N-terminus of the pIII coat protein of filamentous phage fd. This phage display library (PDL-20) was prepared using a degenerate oligodeoxyribonucleotide designed to minimize bias towards most aa. Characterization of the PDL-20 showed that all aa were present at the expected frequency and that there was no positional bias. Screening of this library with a HIV-1 isotype MN envelope reactive monoclonal antibody (mAb 58.2) using two different panning procedures showed that the biopanning technique was sensitive to one phage in 10(8). Analysis of peptide sequences from panning the mAb identified a core antibody recognition sequence of four aa residues (GPGR) and two preferred flanking residues on either side. This epitope occurred at various locations within the random aa segment demonstrating an absence of positional or nearest neighbor effects. Parallel panning experiments using an array of 266 synthetic peptides identified an epitope similar to that defined by the phage display library.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Integration of information-seeking skills and activities into a problem-based curriculum.

Recent trends in medical education include a shift from the traditional, didactic, lecture-oriented approach to a more student-driven, problem-based approach to learning. This trend provides librarians with an opportunity to develop programs to teach information-gathering skills that support and are integrated into problem-based learning (PBL). In 1992, the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine implemented the initial phase of a curriculum revision that emphasizes PBL. Since that time, Falk Library of the Health Sciences has provided a large-scale, intensive program integrating information-seeking skills and activities into the first-year Patient-Doctor Relationship course, a sequence that initiates medical school. A multimodal approach to information seeking and sources is emphasized, utilizing print and audiovisual materials, computerized resources, and subject experts. The Falk Library program emphasizes the gathering and use of information as central to both PBL and student skills development. An informal, post-course evaluation was conducted to gauge which information resources were used and valued most by students. This article presents evaluation results, including data on the use of information sources and services, and student perceptions of the librarian's role in the PBL sessions.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1997

Delivering health information services and technologies to urban community health centers: the Chicago AIDS Outreach Project.

Health professionals cannot address public health issues effectively unless they have immediate access to current biomedical information. This paper reports on one mode of access, the Chicago AIDS Outreach Project, which was supported by the National Library of Medicine through outreach awards in 1995 and 1996. The three-year project is an effort to link the programs and services of the University of Illinois at Chicago Library of the Health Sciences and the Midwest AIDS Training and Education Center with the clinic services of community-based organizations in Chicago. The project was designed to provide electronic access to AIDS-related information for AIDS patients, the affected community, and their care givers. The project also provided Internet access and training and continued access to library resources. The successful initiative suggests a working model for outreach to health professionals in an urban setting.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2001

Health InfoNet of Jefferson County: collaboration in consumer health information service.

Health InfoNet of Jefferson County is a new collaborative consumer health information service of the Jefferson County public libraries and the UAB Lister Hill Library of the Health Sciences. Working with the input and cooperation of local voluntary health agencies, health care professionals and other health information providers, the intent is to improve the efficiency with which consumers might access such information while avoiding duplication of effort on the part of the information providers. Various considerations in InfoNet's mission include providing service not only to established library and Internet users, but also those on the other side of the "digital divide" as well as those with low literacy skills or English as a second language. The role of health care professionals in guiding their patients to the best consumer health information resources is emphasized.

Alabama↗
PubMed1985

Implementing change: the installation of an integrated library system at UTHSCSA.

The implementation of the Library Information System (LIS) and the distributed PHILSOM system at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Library is described. These systems were installed over a ten-month period in 1982-1983. Aspects of the implementation, including equipment, staffing, scheduling, data preparation, and public relations, are reviewed. Evaluation of LIS and its costs are discussed.

Computers↗