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1,196 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Forensic gynaecology.

To put a patient at ease is always important, but this is especially so when making an examination following a sexual offence. The place of examination is important. The choice can be a police station, a hospital or your own consulting-room. If at all possible, your own consulting-room is best. Always explain exactly what you are doing and for what reason. This is reassuring to the patient. Take the specimens systematically. Number and label them carefully before handing them over to the police officer. Notes taken at the time of your examination can be used when giving evidence in court. Therefore legible notes are invaluable. I have also found it useful to have a photostat of my statement as a witness. The police will provide this on request. Note-taking is particularly important in cases in which there are special difficulties. Examinations following sexual assault involve attending court to give evidence. By no means all the examinations made will lead to court cases. Often the accused cannot be found, sometimes the woman drops the allegation, or the Director of Public Prosecutions does not recommend the case to come for trial. Since the Criminal Justice Act 1967 it has been possible in all criminal proceedings to admit a written statement as evidence just as if it had been given orally. This statement must be signed by the witness, who will be liable to prosecution if he has stated in it anything that he knew to be false or did not believe to be true. A copy is served on the opposing side and if they make no objection it can be used by the defence in evidence. In other words, your presence in court is necessary only if some point needs to be made clear by cross-examination. I should like to see long-term follow up of rape victims. At present there is none that I know of, but at least some immediate reassurance and explanation can be given to the patient, together with treatment and recommendations for further care if necessary.

Abortion, Illegal↗
PubMed1997

Parental right to determine whether to use aggressive treatment for an early gestational age infant: the Messenger case.

Manslaughter charges were brought against Dr. Gregory Messenger, a Michigan (USA) dermatologist, for removing his extremely premature infant son from a ventilator in the neonatal intensive care unit. Prior to delivery the neonatologist had told the parents that at the infant's age there was a 50-70% mortality and that if the child did survive there was a 20-40% chance of severe intraventricular hemorrhage. The newborn infant had been placed on mechanical life support despite the explicit instructions of the parents that they did not want aggressive or resuscitative measures used on their 780g., infant born at 25 weeks gestational age. The defendant argued that given the child's precarious medical status, it was the right of the parents to determine whether or not to institute aggressive medical interventions. The jury acquitted the father of all charges.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Factors associated with weapon use in maternal filicide.

The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with weapon use in a group of filicidal women. Clinical data were gathered from the charts of sixty filicidal women evaluated at Michigan's Center for Forensic Psychiatry or through Connecticut's Psychiatric Security Review Board from 1970 to 1996. Factors associated with weapon use were determined using chi squares, ANCOVAS, and a logistic regression. Results were compared to national statistics for child homicide from the Department of Justice Uniform Crime Reports (UCR). Weapon was defined as knife or gun for the study. Weapons were used by one of four women in our study. Guns were used by 13% of filicidal women and knives by 12%. Odds ratio showed that psychotic women were eleven times more likely to kill their child with a weapon than their non-psychotic counterparts (11.2; p = .008). Psychosis was present in every mother who killed her child with a knife and in seven of eight women who killed their children with a gun. Younger children were less likely to be killed with weapons (ANCOVA; F = 8.28; p = .006). This finding was independent of presence or absence of maternal psychosis. These results show that psychotic women are more likely than non-psychotic women to kill their children with weapons. They also show that mothers are more likely to use weapons to kill older children than younger children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Maternal identification from skeletal remains of an infant kept by the alleged mother for 16 years with DNA typing.

This is a case study concerning maternal identification by DNA typing at various loci. An infant skeleton was found in the alleged mother's apartment after it was kept for 16 years. We obtained the skeletal remains as well as saliva stains from the alleged mother. DNA typing was conducted for three loci in the HLA class II region (HLA-DQA1, -DPB1, and DRB1), five loci with the AmpliType PM kit (LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, and GC), five STR loci (LPL, vWA, F13B, TH01, and TPOX) and D-loop region in mtDNA for maternal identification. Sex determination was accomplished using fluorescent DNA capillary electrophoresis typing. Approximately 5 ng of human DNA was recovered from 1 g of femur bone retrieved from the infant skeletal remains. The probability of two unrelated Japanese sharing the same genotypes was estimated as 7.2 x 10(-11). The combined probability of exclusion that an individual is not the mother was also calculated at 0.998. We therefore conclude that the skeleton is from a female infant, and that there is no inconsistency in the claim that the infant was a daughter of the alleged mother.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

A comprehensive typology for the biopsychosociocultural evaluation of child-killing behavior.

The homicide of children by their parents has been reported across numerous cultural settings around the world and in many historical periods. A comprehensive and systematic understanding of parental child killing can be optimally obtained through a biopsychosociocultural approach. In this article we present the case of a woman who committed neonaticide. We illustrate the cultural formulation of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) and recommend that this formulation has a central role in the evaluation of cultural factors of parents who kill their children.

Adolescent↗