Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “IRRIGATION”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[A clinical evaluation of antimicrobial effectiveness of EDTA as an endosonic irrigant].

Recently the chelating agent EDTA has gained increasing attention by dentists, in view of the facts that it does not produce deleterious or corrosive effect when used as an irrigant for root canal debridement. However, the efficacy of EDTA as an irrigant in clinical practice is still not clear. Therefore, in this study EDTA was adopted as an irrigant alone to evaluate its antimicrobial effect as a reference for subsequent clinical application. One hundred single-root teeth were selected and evenly divided into 4 groups. The root canals were prepared with conventional hand filing or ultrasonic filing respectively and the canals were rinsed singly with either EDTA or distilled water for contrast. The contents of each root canal before and after debridement were cultured in an incubator. The results showed that EDTA with hand filing in 48 hours and with endosonics in both 48 hours and one week had better antimicrobial effect than did distilled water. The results also indicated that EDTA combined with endosonics manifested the best antimicrobial effect among the four groups in this experiment. The above-mentioned differences were statistically significant at the level of p less than 0.05 by Fisher's exact test.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1987

Dupuytren's contracture: wound irrigation to prevent hematoma.

Hematoma is one of many complications that can follow surgery for Dupuytren's contracture. In this article, along with a discussion of previously used methods, a technique developed to prevent postoperative palmar hematoma is reviewed. The technique consists of inserting a polyethylene tube into the surgical wound prior to closure and then irrigating the wound with cold Ringer's solution at the rate of approximately 75 cc/hr for 24-36 hours postoperatively. The review involved 101 patients with 124 procedures, 76 of which were performed using the new technique. The incidence of hematoma in the patients without irrigation was 6.3%, while that in the patients with irrigation was 0.0%. No deleterious side effects of this technique were detected.

Dupuytren Contracture↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The usefulness of saline-irrigated bile for the intraoperative cytologic diagnosis of tumors and tumorlike lesions of the gallbladder.

Intraoperative cytology was performed for 48 patients with polypoid lesions (36 benign and 12 malignant) of the gallbladder. The cytologic samples consisted of pure bile from 48 patients and diluted bile collected by saline irrigation from 29 patients. Pure bile gave 32 correct diagnoses (67%) and 14 diagnoses of inadequate material (29%), which contained few nondegenerated cells and made microscopic diagnosis unreliable. Inadequate material was frequently obtained in cases of cholesterol polyp (45%), tubular or papillary adenomatous carcinoma (50%) and polypoid carcinoma (17%), but not in cases of inflammatory polyp (0%). On the other hand, cytologic study of bile samples obtained by saline irrigation showed no inadequate material and only one false negative, from a case in which the cancerous focus was mostly covered with nonneoplastic epithelium. These results imply that saline irrigation succeeded in collecting many nondegenerated cells newly exfoliated from the wall of lesions and the technique is useful in the intraoperative cytologic study of polypoid gallbladder lesions.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1978

[Postoperative peritoneal irrigation in generalized peritonitis treated in an intensive care unit].

Over a period of four years, 16 patients with generalized peritonitis have been treated by postoperative peritoneal irrigation in an Intensive Care Unit. The majority of cases involved postoperative peritonitis accompanied by severe visceral failure. The irrigation liquid, containing an antibacterial agent, was perfused for between one and eleven days at a high flow rate (mean 16.5 I). The overall mortality in the series was extremely high (75 p. 100), and even greater (85 p. 100) if only the cases of postoperative peritonitis were considered. Anatomical examination of the peritoneum, performed on reintervention or at autopsy, revealed an abnormally high incidence of residual abscesses. These are responsable for the continuation or recurrence of infection, and explain the high mortality. These observations, combined with the frequent occurrence of local or general complications, led the authors to reject peritoneal irrigation in postoperative peritonitis in the presence of severe visceral failure, and to use it, in selected cases, only for periods not exceeding 48 hours.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Effect of the propellants O2 and CO2 on the efficacy of oral irrigation].

The therapeutical results obtained with oral irrigations when O2 or CO2 was used as a propellant air compared with those achieved with compressed air. The assessment of the therapeutical success was based on the periodontal disease index according to Kötzschke and the exsudate heights according to Egelberg. A significant improvement in the periodontal condition was stated in all three groups of patients. Though only the exsudate values for the O2 group were significantly better than those for the compressed air group, being the only difference between the groups which was significant, the greater efficiency of the O2 and CO2 application (compared to compressed air application) is, nevertheless, obvious and interpretable. The therapeutical results obtained permit the statement that a technically perfect device and the further increase of the partial pressure of O2 or CO2 in the irrigation fluid will lead to even better therapeutical results, for which purpose the suggestions given should be considered in establishing the indication. The favourable results achieved with compressed air testify to the beneficial action of each irrigation or spray treatment.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1986

[Intraoperative orthograde intestinal irrigation. On a method used in colonic surgical emergencies].

With the help of intraoperative orthograde irrigation of the colon it is possible to handle emergency abdominal colectomies like elective operations of the colon. The resection of the large bowel following the intraoperative orthograde irrigation is determined by the causal malady as cancer, diverticulitis and perforation. Lymphadenectomy and colonic resection with primary anastomosis succeeded without preventative colostomy. One of the nine, mostly geriatric patients undergoing an emergency resection of the left colon or rectosigmoid died of pulmonary embolism. No typical complications as anastomotic leakage or disturbance of wound healing ensued, common morbidity came to four of the nine patients. For the intraoperative orthograde irrigation of the colon accurate surgical engineering and tactics are absolutely necessary as described. It is possible to renounce the radical colectomy, colostomy and staged procedures in the treatment of emergency colon resection.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Whole-bowel irrigation for mechanical colon cleansing.

The physiology, solution composition, indications, efficacy, and safety of whole-bowel irrigation (WBI) for mechanical bowel cleansing are reviewed. WBI with isotonic electrolyte solutions produces diarrhea when the infusion rate exceeds the capacity of the intestine to distend and absorb the solution. A number of solutions are used for WBI, including 0.9% sodium chloride, balanced electrolyte solutions, lactated Ringer's, mannitol, and electrolyte solutions containing polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG). WBI solution administration rates vary from 15-90 mL/min, by oral ingestion or nasogastric tube, with total volumes ranging from 1 to 20 L. The onset of diarrhea occurs as soon as 20 minutes with clearing of the effluent as early as 90 minutes. Faster administration rates appear to shorten overall cleansing time. Two PEG-electrolyte lavage solutions (ELSs) have recently gained FDA approval. The recommended dosage rate is 1.2-1.8 L/hr orally or by nasogastric tube until rectal effluent is clear. In most patients, this requires a maximum of 4-6 L. Initial data indicate that PEG-ELSs are safe for elderly patients and for patients who have an increased risk of fluid overload, but these solutions have not been evaluated in children, pregnant women, or patients with inflammatory bowel disease. WBI is an effective alternative to other regimens for removing fecal material and reducing bowel lumen bacterial counts before colonoscopy and colorectal surgery. Retention of bacterial counts before colonoscopy and colorectal surgery. Retention of excess WBI solution may interfere with the quality of barium enema radiographs; this can be minimized by completing the irrigation the evening before the examination. Gastrointestinal side effects occur in about one third of the patients following WBI, but do not generally require discontinuing the irrigation. Solutions containing PEG with sodium sulfate as the primary electrolyte result in the least net water and electrolyte movement and are preferred over other solutions.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

24-hour systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis with gentamicin and metronidazole, or metronidazole alone, in elective colorectal surgery after mechanical bowel preparation with mannitol and whole gut irrigation.

In a prospective randomized trial, systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis with metronidazole and gentamicin was compared to the administration of metronidazole alone in elective colorectal surgery. In both groups, an identical mechanical large-bowel preparation was performed. In order to reduce the duration of the whole-gut irrigation, a 10% mannitol solution was administered before the irrigation procedure. Although no serious infections were observed in either group, the incidence of superficial wound infections was relatively high: 19% in the group with metronidazole and gentamicin prophylaxis and 25% in the other group. From all these wounds E. coli was isolated, and no obligate anaerobic bacteria were cultured. This high rate of wound infections is most likely caused by an overgrowth of E. coli after irrigation, due to the residues of mannitol in the colon, which serve as a nutrient for E. coli. It is concluded that mannitol should not be used in the preoperative mechanical preparation of the large bowel before elective colorectal surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A new type of irrigating cannula for lens nucleus delivery by extracapsular extraction.

Simple expression is the conventional nucleus delivery method; however, the high tension exerted on the posterior capsule and zonules during this procedure poses a risk of rupturing these structures. This report describes a new type of irrigating cannula for lens nucleus delivery. It consists of a 20-gauge needle and a flat insertion plate with a flow outlet. The apex, with the flow outlet, is inserted beneath the nucleus during continuous irrigation; the nucleus is thus expelled by the irrigating solution.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1979

Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity following irrigation of wounds with neomycin.

Renal failure and ototoxicity developed in two patients following wound irrigation with neomycin. In both patients the renal failure was reversible, but the deafness was progressive despite withdrawal of the neomycin. In one patient the serum neomycin concentration was still markedly elevated (42 microgram/ml) 2 days after use of the drug was discontinued. The authors suggest that irrigation of large open wounds with neomycin is dangerous since toxic blood concentrations may ensue. The benefits conferred by neomycin irrigation should be weighed against the possible danger of permanently impaired hearing.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1975

Iglesias resectoscope with simultaneous irrigation, suction and low intravesical pressure.

A resectoscope with continuous irrigation, suction and low intravesical pressure has been described. Advantages of this instrument include: no interruption, better endoscopic vision by a continuous clear inflow of more than 500 ml/min at 70 cm pressure, less bleeding, no air bubbles, constant intravesical pressure less than 10 mm Hg during TUR, permitting the absorption of the irrigant, shorter operating time, easier teaching and no more wet floor and wet surgeon. Since the entire amount of irrigating fluid is collected, blood loss can be calculated and the amount of absorption determined.

Cystoscopes↗
PubMed1984

Safety and efficacy of a 1,5% glycine solution as an irrigation medium in prostatic surgery.

The safety and efficacy of irrigation with a 1,5% glycine solution during transurethral resection of the prostate gland for benign hyperplasia were studied in 21 patients. Absorption of the irrigation solution during the procedure resulted in raised plasma glycine levels immediately after the operation, but these had virtually returned to normal within 24 hours. No adverse effects were noted and all the patients recovered uneventfully. This study demonstrates that glycine is well tolerated as an irrigation medium and appears to be free of complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of irrigation and intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis at cesarean section.

Despite recent enthusiasm for antibiotic prophylaxis by uterine irrigation at the time of cesarean section, no data exists comparing the efficacy of this technique with standard intravenous antibiotic administration. Therefore, 124 patients about to undergo cesarean section were entered into a prospective, randomized, double-blind evaluation of uterine irrigation versus intravenous administration of either normal saline or cefoxitin. All women were considered to be at increased risk for postoperative infection because of the presence of labor or ruptured membranes. The incidence of endometritis and the fever index in patients receiving intravenous cefoxitin (3.2%, 4.6 degree hours) was significantly less than in patients receiving intravenous normal saline (21.2%, 22.3 degree hours). There was no significant difference between the use of intravenous normal saline and uterine irrigation with either cefoxitin (18.9%, 16.6 degree hours) or normal saline (17.4%, 24.6 degree hours). These results suggest that intravenous infusion is the most effective means of administering cefoxitin as a prophylactic antibiotic.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Side effects of different irrigation solutions in orthograde intestinal lavage].

Irrigants for whole gut irrigation nearly exclusively influence the fluid-, electrolyte- and acid-base-balance. Mannitol and sodium sulphate solutions have badly been tolerated and left a bowel full of gas and fluid. Mannitol showed only small changes in serum electrolytes. Sodium sulphate led to a marked hypocalemia. Mannitol plus electrolytes led to a gas-filled bowel. Ringer's lactate showed only small changes in serum electrolytes and a good compatibility. None of the investigated solutions were better than modified Hewitt's solution, so that we are doing our whole gut irrigations with this solution.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of intravenous cefoxitin prophylaxis with intraoperative cefoxitin irrigation for the prevention of post-cesarean-section endometritis.

The effectiveness of intraoperative irrigation with cefoxitin was compared prospectively with that of a short course of intravenous cefoxitin as prophylaxis against endometritis. One hundred three patients who underwent primary cesarean at University Hospital, Jacksonville, Florida, were randomized into two study groups. The first group received intraoperative cefoxitin irrigation. The second group received a short course of intravenous cefoxitin prophylaxis and intraoperative saline irrigation. The resulting incidence of endometritis was 3.8% and 4%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the use of the cefoxitin solution and the short course of intravenous cefoxitin.

Cefoxitin↗
PubMed1983

[Significance of peritoneal irrigation in the treatment of hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis].

Irrigation of the peritoneal cavity proves reliable in the treatment of acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis. Two different applications must be distinguished: peritoneal dialysis and postoperative irrigation and sump drainage. Peritoneal dialysis should be performed at the beginning of the disease and has the aim to overcome the serious--often deadly--early phase of pancreatitis. Irrigation and sump drainage is carried out after a previous necrosectomy is performed to wash out retained or new by developed necroses. This management shall prevent a late intoxication of the organism.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Primary closure and continuous irrigation of the perineal wound after proctectomy.

The aim was to assess the success of primary closure and continuous irrigation of the perineal wound in achieving wound healing after proctectomy. The frequency and degree of primary healing (dry wound within 30 days after removal of irrigation catheters) and the factors affecting the rate of healing were determined in 152 patients undergoing proctectomy for carcinoma (31 patients), Crohn's colitis (32 patients), or ulcerative colitis (89 patients). All patients were followed for at least 2 years. Primary healing occurred in 64.5% of patients, whereas it was delayed (dry wound by 90 days) or failed to occur in 30.2% and 5.3%, respectively. Of those with carcinoma, 87% had healing by 30 days, whereas only 61% and 50% of those with either ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, respectively, had healing in that time (P less than 0.02). Females had primary healing more often than males (70% versus 45%, P less than 0.01), and the incidence of persistent perineal sinus was greater in men (28%) than in women (13%) (P less than 0.05). Primary healing was adversely affected in men when drains exited centrally through the wound (31% healed primarily) as opposed to when they exited laterally (65% healed primarily, P less than 0.04). We conclude that primary closure with irrigation of the perineal wound is safe and provides satisfactory healing in most patients.

Adolescent↗