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At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Autistic disorder and gastrointestinal disease.

Autistic disorder is a pervasive developmental disorder manifested in the first 3 years of life by dysfunction in social interaction and communication. Many efforts have been made to explore the biologic basis of this disorder, but the etiology remains unknown. Recent publications describing upper gastrointestinal abnormalities and ileocolitis have focused attention on gastrointestinal function and morphology in these children. High prevalence of histologic abnormalities in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and colon, and dysfunction of liver conjugation capacity and intestinal permeability were reported. Three surveys conducted in the United States described high prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autistic disorder. Treatment of the digestive problems may have positive effects on their behavior.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1995

Present and future treatment modalities for gastrointestinal diseases in cystic fibrosis.

In recent years knowledge of the basic defect of CF has increased enormously. Many new drugs and treatment strategies are being introduced in the clinic. Nevertheless, there are a number of unsolved problems in the treatment of malabsorption and malnutrition. In spite of innovative technical and pharmacological improvement of pancreatic enzyme preparations maldigestion is still a problem. Better enzymes and coatings are needed. The integrated action of enzymatic digestion, intestinal motility and absorption is not under control. The role of malnutrition in the development of complications and in the outcome of the disease is still under discussion. The importance of a high energy intake is now generally accepted, but the question is how to achieve this. Tube feeding, endoscopic gastrostomy and the use of diets with a high energy content are becoming more popular. In CF the relationship between gastro-oesophageal reflux and lung complications is not well understood, but GER is frequently recognized. In the absence of CF GER is also associated with a number of pulmonary and upper airway diseases. The incidence of liver fibrosis and cholestatic liver disease is increasing with age. The problem is how to identify the patients at risk. The use of choleretic drugs has shown promising results in preliminary studies. Gene therapy in pancreatic and gastrointestinal pathology will be restricted to the liver. The biliary tract could be an interesting target, if patients at risk can be identified. In conclusion, new drugs and new strategies are necessary for the future implementation of the results of new insights in CF.

Cystic Fibrosis↗
PubMed1978

Cutaneous manifestations of gastrointestinal disease.

Numerous diseases affect the skin and gut simultaneously. The early recognition and treatment of both components is often essential to decrease morbidity and even prevent death precipitated by gastrointestinal crises. A number of the diseases affecting both the skin and gut are discussed, with particular emphasis on recent developments.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1978

Lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract: a study of 117 cases presenting with gastrointestinal disease.

A study was made of 117 patients who presented with gastrointestinal lymphoma. The occurrence was 48 in the stomach, 37 in the small intestine, 13 in the ileocecal region, two in the appendix and 11 in the large intestine. In six cases, multiple sites in the gastrointestinal tract were involved, but in five cases this appeared to be secondary to massive mesenteric or retroperitoneal lymph node disease. Using Rappaport's classification, diffuse histiocytic lymphoma was the most frequent histologic type and constituted 60% of the cases. Nodular lymphomas comprised 10% of the total, nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma forming the majority of this group. Ten of the lymphomas were undifferentiated, 5 of Burkitt's type and 5 non-Burkitt's type. Five were Mediterranean-type lymphomas associated with plasma cell infiltration of the adjacent mucosa, and only two cases of primary Hodgkin's disease were encountered. Two lymphomas could not be classified. Eight percent of the cases showed plasmacytoid changes and were classified as a distinct subgroup of the parent lymphoma rather than as examples of extramedullary plasmacytoma. Gastrointestinally lymphomas occurred most frequently during the fourth to seventh decades. However, nine lymphomas occurred in children younger than 16 years of age. In comparison to adults, the childhood lymphomas showed a number of notable differences with respect to sex distribution, site of involvement and histologic type. Information concerning the extent of the disease at the time of diagnosis was available in 75 cases. Of these, 49% of the lymphomas were confined to the affected viscus and 33% had associated regional lymph node involvement; the remaining 18% had mode widespread disease. In 44 patients information on the spread of disease was available and in 48% there was extra abdominal spread. Prognosis appeared to correlate best with the stage of the disease rather than the histologic type.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Neutrophil-endothelial cell interactions in gastrointestinal diseases].

The adherence of neutrophils to the endothelium is a crucial early event in the inflammatory and immunological reaction. Neutrophil-endothelial cell interactions are known to be mediated by adhesion molecules that are expressed on each cell. Among the adhesion molecules expressed on leukocytes, the CD11/CD18 integrin family plays a major role in the adhesion and transendothelial migration of neutrophils. The two most extensively characterized endothelial cell adhesion molecules are intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin. These adhesion molecules are involved in the pathogenesis of several digestive diseases such as Helicobacter pylori, non steroidal anti inflammatory drug- or stress-induced gastric mucosal injury, inflammatory bowel diseases.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed2002

Abdominal aortic aneurysm and gastrointestinal disease: should synchronous surgery be considered?

BACKGROUND: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is relatively common in an age group in which other abdominal pathologies have an increasing incidence. The co-existence of an aneurysm with a second intra-abdominal pathology presents a difficult management problem for the surgeon. Synchronous aortic and gastrointestinal surgery is often avoided due to the perceived higher risk of infection of the vascular prosthesis. METHODS: Cases of synchronous AAA repair with a second gastrointestinal/biliary procedure were identified from the operative records of a single vascular surgeon working in a district general hospital. RESULTS: Eight cases were identified over a 10-year period, comprising 3 large bowel resections, 2 cholecystectomies and 3 upper gastrointestinal operations as the second synchronous procedure. No graft infections were recorded in this group and there was one death within 30 days. CONCLUSIONS: From our experience and a review of the available literature we conclude that synchronous aortic and gastrointestinal surgery should be considered when urgent surgery for both conditions is indicated.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

The evaluation and treatment of gastrointestinal disease in children with cystinosis receiving cysteamine.

OBJECTIVES: Cysteamine prevents organ damage in children with cystinosis, but may cause gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. In this study we evaluated the nature of GI disease, and the value of omeprazole in controlling GI symptoms in these children. STUDY DESIGN: Upper GI disease was evaluated with endoscopy, gastrin levels, and acid secretion studies after oral administration of cysteamine, before and after 16 weeks of therapy with omeprazole. A symptom score was devised. RESULTS: Eleven children (mean age, 5.7 years) were studied. After cysteamine ingestion, before and after omeprazole therapy, the mean maximum acid output was significantly higher than the mean basal acid output. The maximum acid output was measured within 60 minutes of cysteamine ingestion and was reduced by omeprazole therapy (P<.01). The mean peak gastrin level was 30 minutes postcysteamine and was higher than baseline (P<.01). The initial mean symptom score (maximum score, 14) was 6.9 and fell to 0.7 (P<.0001) after 16 weeks of omeprazole therapy. At endoscopy, two children had diffuse gastric nodularity, and nearly all had cystine crystal deposits. CONCLUSIONS: GI symptoms in children with cystinosis receiving cysteamine are often acid-mediated and improve with omeprazole. Cystine crystals were detected in the GI tract and may signify inadequate treatment with cysteamine.

Anti-Ulcer Agents↗
PubMed1979

[Critical notes on diet therapy in gastrointestinal diseases].

The reasons for a transformation of the dietary therapy in gastroenterologic diseases are in the reduction of forms of mild diet related to organs (mild diet for stomach, intestine, liver and gall-bladder), which are based on connections between complaints and organic diseases no more up to date. In their place enters the gastroenterologic basis diet which, according to the course of the diseases (subacute, chronic) is represented in two steps as strong and dilated basic diet. The displacement of the emphasis of multifarious formed of.

Diet Therapy↗