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At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Metabolism of diethylstilbestrol in the C3H mouse: chromatographic systems for the quantitative analysis of DES metabolic products.

Initial excretion studies with orally administered [monoethyl-1-3H] DES demonstrated the feces to be the principal mode of elimination of DES in the C3H mouse. Metabolic studies with tritiated DES and/or [UL-14C] DES were performed with orally dosed C3H high (MTV+) and low (MTV-) titer MMTV female mice. Extraction and partitioning of the fecal radioactivity demonstrated 77 to 86% (n = 4) to be benzene soluble and the remainder H2O soluble. The principal product in the organic phase following Sephadex LH-20 and HPLC purification was DES. The aqueous phase was resolved by LH-20 into two conjugate fractions that were partially hydrolyzed by beta-glucuronidase. The principal aglycone was chromatographically identical with authentic DES. The urinary conjugates were resolved into six fractions. The four major fractions were 80% hydrolyzable with beta-glucuronidase. Two of these fractions had trans-DES as the principal aglycone, whereas the other two had a major peak similar to but not chromatographically coincident with cis-DES. In certain experiments mice were sequentially dosed with tritium (24 hr) followed by a 14C dose (24 hr). Two mice (MTV+) were also previously fed 1000 ppb DES prior to these experiments. The tritated and 14C products were combined and analyzed simultaneously. This experiment did not reveal significant differences in the metabolism due to the modes of radioactive labeling, MMTV titer, or the prior feeding of DES. The developed methodology was judged to purify quantitatively 90% or more of the DES radioactive products.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Nuclear aberrations and loss of synaptonemal complexes in response to diethylstilbestrol (DES) in Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodites.

In Caenorhabditis elegans, loss of viability and fertility is observed after treatment with DES. The decrease in life span is associated with senescent morphology of meiotic prophase nuclei, such that nuclei from young and old specimens cannot be differentiated. Aging in oocytes at the pachytene stage of meiotic prophase is manifested by nucleo-cytoplasmic aberrations, increased density of the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm and decrease in numbers of mitochondria. Increasing concentrations of DES are characterized by concomitant decrease in fertility and increased production of abnormal gametes. At DES concentrations higher than 1.25 micrograms/ml, synaptonemal complexes (SC) are absent from the nuclei, thus, effective pairing and segregation of homologous chromosomes is not possible. The absence of SCs may be the result of: a premeiotic colchicine-like effect that influences pairing of chromosomes; changes in the structure of the DNA due to DES binding that results in changes in expression of the DNA; and changes in temporal DNA synthesis in response to DES. Since the SC is essential for regulating pairing and subsequent separation of bivalents, the lack of an SC explains the loss of fertility, due to the production of unbalanced gametes, observed in DES-treated specimens.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Effects of diethylstilbestrol and its methyl ethers on aneuploidy induction and microtubule distribution in Chinese hamster V79 cells.

We previously reported that diethylstibestrol (DES) and its derivatives inhibit the in vitro polymerization of microtubule proteins isolated from porcine brain (Sato et al., 1987). We found that the presence of the free hydroxy group of DES was indispensable for the inhibition of microtubule assembly. In the present investigation, this structure-activity relationship was confirmed by the effects of DES and its methyl ethers on chromosome number and the cellular microtubule architecture of Chinese hamster V79 cells, revealed by fluorescent anti-tubulin antibody. DES induced tetra- and octa-ploidy and DES monomethyl ether induced only tetraploidy at a much slower rate, whereas DES dimethyl ether was found to be completely inactive. Furthermore, DES was more active than its monomethyl ether in disturbing microtubule formation within cells. These results support the initial assumption that polyploidy is largely a consequence of the disturbed assembly of microtubules.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1983

Tumor growth-stimulating and inhibiting effects of antiestrogens on the DMBA-induced mammary carcinoma of the ovariectomized, diethylstilbestrol-treated SD rat. A study on the mechanism of action of antiestrogens.

After ovariectomy DMBA tumor-bearing SD rats were treated with the estrogen DES, a combination of DES plus mammary tumor-inhibiting antiestrogen (tetramethylHES, 3,3'HES and tamoxifen respectively) or with tetramethylHES alone. Small doses of DES led to a stimulation of tumor growth showing a maximum effect at 1 microgram/kg/day, whereas higher doses inhibited tumor growth. In the combination experiment only tetramethylHES reduced, i.e. antagonized, the DES effect. Tamoxifen and 3,3'HES, however, led to an increase of the tumor growth-stimulating and inhibiting effects of DES. Only the dose of 10 mg/kg/day of tetramethylHES led to a slight stimulation of the tumor growth in ovariectomized DMBA tumor-bearing rats. These results indicate that 3,3'HES and tamoxifen possibly unfold their mammary tumor-inhibiting activity by means of their estrogenic potency, whereas tetramethylHES might act as an antiestrogen, though the latter compound does not lack estrogenic activity completely.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗