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At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Martial arts injuries. The results of a five year national survey.

A 5 year national survey of martial arts was done using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS). Seventy-four percent of the injuries involved the extremities and 95% were mild to moderate in nature. Even though most of the injury types were contusions/abrasions (36%). lacerations (14%), and sprains/strains (28%), 15% were dislocations and fractures. Five percent of all injuries were severe, and there were 18 hospitalizations. There were no deaths. Weapon-related injuries were rare and never serious. Overall, the risk of serious injury in the sport was found to be low, especially when compared to other contact sports.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The art of pharmacotherapy in depressed outpatients.

There is an art to prescribing medications to depressed patients. Both patient and therapist factors are important to a successful outcome with appropriate timing and prescribing of treatment. Two case reports are provided as examples. Specific strategies used by experienced clinicians are presented in the discussion.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Small caliber vascular grafts. Part I: state of the art.

Vascular grafts, devices designed to augment inefficiently functioning vascular systems, represent a significant part of implantable medical devices, with major participation in over a million vascular surgeries performed worldwide. By definition accepted in the art, a small caliber graft is a conduit with internal diameter (ID) of 6 mm or less; large caliber grafts start at ID of 7 mm. While the autologous grafts utilizing saphenous veins (SVG) and internal iliac, or mammary arteries are used exclusively in cardiac artery bypass grafts (CABG) procedures and preferentially in many peripheral indications, and while the use of grafts with biological origin did not proliferate, polymer-based artificial grafts of controlled patterns and porosity are prostheses of choice for the large caliber. The polyester (PET) yarn is knitted or woven into various porous patterns. The PTFE tubes are expanded into porous conduits (ePTFE). Although these technologies are used to produce the grafts with ID larger than 6 mm, the dominant principles are being applied to the development of small caliber graft. Polyurethanes are also evaluated for small caliber application. The grafts (regardless of the ID) produced by the above technologies are porous. This porosity, considered to be critical for proper healing and overall graft patency, causes the blood to leak through the graft wall or at anastomosis through the suture holes. Both the wall leakage and suture hole bleeding remain rather serious drawbacks. Currently, collagen, gelatin, albumin and their derivatives are used as sealants. Various modes of application and degrees of crosslinking are utilized to control in vivo degradation and graft healing. Other hydrogels, both natural and synthetic, could play significant roles as sealants and modifiers of the graft performance. Enhancement of graft patency via improvement of initial hemocompatibility could be achieved by application of bioactive coatings. Heparinized systems seem to dominate in this field, but many new concepts are being investigated. Intraluminal endothelialization via mediating biologicals could open significant potential for synthetic small caliber grafts. Furthermore, porous biodegradable tubes could be used as temporary scaffold to attract and promote cell propagation and ingrowth, the true angiogenesis. Part I of this series discusses the "S.O.T.A" of the small caliber graft. The following parts will discuss concepts needed for development of truly patent small caliber grafts and will report on our progress in the development of biodurable and pulsatile grafts for vascular access, peripheral, and potentially for CABG indications.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed2006

Human becoming practice around the globe: exploring the art of living true presence.

In this column, the human becoming practice methodology is illuminated and some of the questions that people have asked about living the art of human becoming are presented. The human becoming teaching-learning processes are discussed as a way of coming to know what it takes to live true presence, and the role of stories in teaching-learning human becoming practice is explored. Previously published human becoming practice stories are presented as an answer to many of the questions that persons have asked about human becoming-guided practice.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1994

Quality of life: sciencing and living the art of human becoming.

Quality of life, from the person's perspective, is the goal of the human becoming theory. Thus far, research on quality of life has been implemented from a totality paradigm perspective, excluding consideration of the human as a unitary being. The most valuable conclusion to be drawn from all the research is that quality of life cannot be quantified. This article specifies a different meaning of quality of life and points out ways of sciencing and living the art of nursing when quality of life is the goal.

Human Development↗
PubMed1997

Living the art of the human becoming theory.

The author shows through examples how quality of life is enhanced when the nurse lives the art of the human becoming theory through composing and playing music with persons and families. Also demonstrated is Parse's practice methodology as lived through music.

Family↗
PubMed2004

"Making special": a framework for understanding the art of holistic nursing.

Holistic nurses demonstrate interest in and concern for aesthetics in nursing; however, the relationship of holistic nursing to aesthetics in nursing lacks clarity. Challenges to the study of aesthetics in nursing arise from too little discourse on the topic and lack of consensus on language and methods of inquiry. Nevertheless, aesthetic knowing is a fundamental pattern of knowing in nursing and the one that mediates and integrates all other patterns of knowing in nursing action. A behavioral theory of aesthetics provides a framework for exploring the relationship of holistic nursing to aesthetic knowing and the art of nursing. Synthesis of this framework with holistic nursing core values and standards of practice suggests that holistic nursing is more than perspective; it is an aesthetic.

Esthetics↗
PubMed2002

The art of watching out: vigilance in women who have migraine headaches.

The author used grounded theory methodology to explore the process of vigilance in women who had migraine headaches. Twenty-two women were interviewed. The basic social problem identified for women with migraines was the need to maintain function when faced with unpredictable bouts of pain and associated distress. One way women maximized their function was through the exercise of vigilance. Vigilance in these women can be conceptualized as the art of watching out. Watching out, the core category, had four subprocesses: assigning meaning to what is, calculating the risk, staying ready, and monitoring the results. Conditions for watching out were owning the label and making the connections. Deciding what to do and acting to maximize function were consequences of vigilance.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Going one step further: skilled pain assessment and the art of adjuvant analgesia.

Evolving pain management practice has two phases: 1) the development of confidence and competence in prescribing opioids at whatever dose is needed to control pain; and, 2) advanced assessment skills and understanding when adjuvant analgesics must be employed with or without opioids to manage certain types of pain. A growing reliance on opioids alone is illustrated in case study by a nurse pain consultant. Dramatic improvements occur in patient function and coping when clinicians move beyond the sole utilization of opioids to understand the importance of skillful assessment of the patient's experience and the artful use of adjuvant medications.

Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic↗
PubMed1999

Tattooing and body piercing. Body art practices among college students.

Tattooing and body piercing are increasing, especially among college students. A study of 766 tattooed and/or body-pierced college students in 18 universities across the United States and one in Australia was conducted to discover the demographic characteristics, motivational factors, and health concerns. The traditional college time of 18 to 22 years of age (69%) was when they obtained their tattoo (73%) and/or body piercing (63%). More frequent health problems and impulsive decision making were noted for those with body piercing when compared to those tattooed. Three cases of hepatitis were reported. Health professionals should openly discuss body art with students, convey a nonjudgmental attitude, and assist with informed decision-making information to either reduce risks or dissuade. Open communication and applicable health education will be very important.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

State-of-the-art imaging with 64-channel multidetector CT angiography.

During the past decade, computed tomography angiography (CTA) has become a standard noninvasive imaging method for the depiction of vascular anatomy and pathology. The quality and speed of CTA examinations have increased dramatically as CT technology has evolved from single-channel spiral CT systems (circa 1990) to multichannel (4-, 8-, 10-, and 16-slice) spiral CT systems (circa 1998 through 2001). In 2004, 64-slice multichannel CT technology became available in the United States, with the first installation occurring at the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine. We describe our initial experience using this state-of-the art technology, focusing on examinations that illustrate the increased diagnostic resolution of vascular anatomy and pathology, and the effectiveness of 2-and 3-dimensional postprocessing using a 64-channel CT system. Future applications of 64-channel technology for preoperative and postoperative vascular surgery and endovascular techniques are also described.

Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An Italian program of external quality control for chromogranin A (CgA) assay: state of the art of CgA measurement.

Chromogranin A (CgA) is a secretory protein produced by many neuroendocrine cells. Circulating levels of CgA have been found to be elevated in a variety of neuroendocrine tumors and may facilitate the diagnosis and management of patients with functioning as well as non-functioning forms. However, up to now the analytical methods used for assaying intact CgA and CgA-derived peptides in the circulation of patients have not been monitored in Italy by an external quality control program. Within the framework of a Ministry of Health project an external quality control program was developed to investigate the state of the art of CgA determination in Italy and to monitor the performance of laboratories carrying out this assay. This paper deals primarily with the former of these aspects. Every laboratory received the study protocol together with a questionnaire to be returned before receipt of the samples to be assayed. Serum and plasma samples obtained from a pool of routine specimens were prepared at three different concentrations of CgA, aliquoted, frozen at -80 degrees C and mailed in dry ice to the participating laboratories. Of the 43 laboratories, 21 used IRMA, 21 used ELISA and one used RIA. There was a wide range in the time of kit utilization and the number of samples assayed per year, which indicated that the participating group was heterogeneous with regard to their experience in the determination of CgA. Most laboratories routinely used serum and plasma for IRMA and ELISA, respectively, and different data fitting approaches were employed. Further analyses will investigate the possible influence of these preanalytical factors on laboratory performance.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed2006

Theoretical modeling for radiofrequency ablation: state-of-the-art and challenges for the future.

Radiofrequency ablation is an interventional technique that in recent years has come to be employed in very different medical fields, such as the elimination of cardiac arrhythmias or the destruction of tumors in different locations. In order to investigate and develop new techniques, and also to improve those currently employed, theoretical models and computer simulations are a powerful tool since they provide vital information on the electrical and thermal behavior of ablation rapidly and at low cost. In the future they could even help to plan individual treatment for each patient. This review analyzes the state-of-the-art in theoretical modeling as applied to the study of radiofrequency ablation techniques. Firstly, it describes the most important issues involved in this methodology, including the experimental validation. Secondly, it points out the present limitations, especially those related to the lack of an accurate characterization of the biological tissues. After analyzing the current and future benefits of this technique it finally suggests future lines and trends in the research of this area.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

The art and science of surge: experience from Israel and the U.S. military.

In a disaster or mass casualty incident, health care resources may be exceeded and systems may be challenged by unusual requirements. These resources may include pharmaceuticals, supplies, and equipment as well as certain types of academic and administrative expertise. New agencies and decision makers may need to work together in an unfamiliar environment. Furthermore, large numbers of casualties needing treatment, newer therapies required to care for these casualties, and increased workforce and space available for these casualties all contribute to what is often referred to as "surge." Surge capacity in emergency care can be described in technical, scientific terms that are measured by numbers and benchmarks (e.g., beds, patients, and medications) or can take on a more conceptual and abstract form (e.g., decisions, authority, and responsibility). The former may be referred to as the "science" of surge, whereas the latter, an equal if not more important component of surge systems that is more conceptual and abstract, can be considered the "art" of surge. The experiences from Israel and the U.S. military may serve to educate colleagues who may be required to respond or react to an event that taxes the current health care system. This report presents concrete examples of surge capacity strategies used by both Israel and the U.S. military and provides solutions that may be applied to other health care systems when faced with similar situations.

Civil Defense↗
PubMed2004

Specialist clinics in remote Australian Aboriginal communities: where rock art meets rocket science.

People in remote Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory have greater morbidity and mortality than other Australians, but face considerable barriers when accessing hospital-based specialist services. The Specialist Outreach Service, which began in 1997, was a novel policy initiative to improve access by providing a regular multidisciplinary visiting specialist services to remote communities. It led to two interesting juxtapositions: that of 'state of the art' specialist services alongside under-resourced primary care in remote and relatively traditional Aboriginal communities; and that of attempts to develop an evidence base for the effectiveness of outreach, while meeting the short-term evaluative requirements of policy-makers. In this essay, first we describe the development of the service in the Northern Territory and its initial process evaluation. Through a Cochrane systematic review we then summarise the published research on the effectiveness of specialist outreach in improving access to tertiary and hospital-based care. Finally we describe the findings of an observational population-based study of the use of specialist services and the impact of outreach to three remote communities over 11 years. Specialist outreach improves access to specialist care and may lessen the demand for both outpatient and inpatient hospital care. Specialist outreach is, however, dependent on well-functioning primary care. According to the way in which outreach is conducted and the service is organised, it can either support primary care or it can hinder primary care and, as a result, reduce its own effectiveness.

Australia↗
PubMed1980

Clinical tests in aquatic toxicology: state of the art.

Hazard assessment of chemicals to aquatic organisms involves the use of many toxicity tests. Acute toxicity tests, embryo-larval toxicity tests, and chronic toxicity tests that measure survival, growth, and reproductive effects now provide the most relative utility for evaluation of potential chemical hazards to aquatic life. Physiological, biochemical, and histological measurements have a low relative utility as diagnostic tests in aquatic toxicology because it is not yet possible to relate changes in these sublethal responses to adverse environmental impacts. The problem of interpreting the toxicological significance of chemical-induced changes in biochemical and physiological mechanisms is twofold: (1) the understanding of physiological and biochemical regulatory mechanisms in fish is limited; and (2) parallel changes in these mechanisms are difficult to correlate with toxicant exposure and impaired ability of fish to survive. To overcome this problem, more physiological and biochemical research must be conducted in conjunction with toxicity studies that measure important whole-animal responses. Toxicant-induced biochemical and physiological responses must be correlated unequivocally with responses related to reproduction, growth and development, survival, or fish health if pertinent diagnostic tests are to be developed for use in aquatic toxicology. The use of diagnostic tests in hazard assessment procedures can decrease the time required for safety evaluation of chemicals, define no-effect exposure concentrations more adequately, and provide a better understanding of the mode of action of chemicals. Considerations for improving the status of the "state of the art" of diagnostic or clinical tests in aquatic toxicology are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Public health 3: Legal regulation of tattooing and body art.

District nurse Mandy Grey is currently treating a thirteen year old girl who has a seriously infected tattoo on her buttock and infected tongue and nipple piercing all of which were performed at a local tattoo parlour. The teenager wanted the tattoo and piercing as all her friends have had similar body art and she felt pressured into having the same. Sister Grey wonders how this ever popular and increasingly intimate form of bodily adornment is regulated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

The atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) technique: does it have a place in everyday practice?

The ART technique was introduced in the early 1990s. It involves the removal of carious tooth tissue with hand instruments followed by restoration with an adhesive material (glass-ionomer cement). Local anaesthetic is not always required for treatment and the technique has helped to bridge the gap in the provision of treatment to rural communities, senior citizens and dental phobic patients. This article looks at the development of the technique, its performance and potential areas of application.

Adhesives↗