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At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Associations of early childhood infections and reduced hemoglobin levels in a historic cohort of Alaska Native infants.

A retrospective study was carried out to determine the effect of common childhood infectious diseases on the hemoglobin level of a cohort of Alaskan Eskimo children born between 1960 and 1962. Hemoglobin and health records were available on 308 children between 6-11 and 12-17 months of age. Additional records were available on 187 of these children at 18-23 months of age. Episodes of chickenpox, measles, pertussis, and lower respiratory infections were reviewed. Between 38 and 50% of infants between 6 and 23 months of age had hemoglobin levels below 11.0 g/dl. The mean hemoglobin level of infants 6-11 and 12-17 months of age decreased with increasing number of total infectious episodes occurring within the 3 months before hemoglobin measurement. This trend was not apparent for infants in the 18-23 months age interval nor were low hemoglobins predictive of illness during the 3 months after the hemoglobin determination. At the 6-11 and 12-17 month age interval the number of lower respiratory infectious were most significantly associated with a decreased hemoglobin value. These observations are consistent with more recent reports that document iron deficiency anemia among children with antecedent infections and again emphasize the role of infection in the development and maintenance of anemia in children about 1 year of age.

Alaska↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiologic surveillance of enteric diseases in Alaska--value of case investigation.

Patients infected by Salmonella, Shigella, Giardia, Campylobacter, Yersinia, and Hepatitis A virus were interviewed during a 15-month period to evaluate the benefit of intensive follow-up, to assess the proportion of cases who had contact with children less than four years of age, and to determine risk factors. Of 746 reported infections, we interviewed 345 patients (46%) and identified 199 other ill people. Follow-up of sporadic, passively reported cases required considerable resources, but no large outbreaks were uncovered. Investigation of patients [N = 103 (43%)] who had contact with children less than four years of age, or children who attended daycare centers often resulted in identification of additional illness, especially for cases of giardiasis. Primary health care providers can play a key role in reducing enteric disease by increasing efforts to identify illness among daycare and family contacts of their patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preventing baby bottle tooth decay in American Indian and Alaska native communities: a model for planning.

Baby bottle tooth decay (BBTD) is a preventable dental disease which surveys have shown affects more than 50 percent of Native American children. An experimental program to prevent BBTD was implemented in 12 Native American communities. The project represented a cooperative effort by three Department of Health and Human Service agencies: Administration for Children, Youth, and Families, Head Start Bureau; Indian Health Service, Dental Program; and Centers for Disease Control, Dental Disease Prevention Activity. Intervention strategies included the training of parent volunteers, health professionals, and the tribal employees who counseled caretakers of young children and made group presentations. There was also a media campaign in each community that ran for a 3-year period. Numerous educational materials were developed including training manuals, counseling booklets, tippee cups, posters, and bumper stickers. The BBTD project's planners encouraged tailoring the education materials and strategies to fit each community. Preliminary results documented statistically significant decreases in the prevalence of BBTD at the pilot sites. This multidisciplinary, comprehensive intervention offers a model for organizing members of minority communities to prevent health problems.

Alaska↗