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PubMed1989

[Selective brushings for all branches of the bronchi: diagnostic values thereof in patients with roentgenographically occult lung cancer and borderline lesions].

Selective brushings were conducted for all the respective segmental bronchi in both lungs of 105 patients with positive or suspected positive indications of lung cancer as revealed by sputum cytology. As a result, borderline lesions, 16 cases with 18 lesions and lung cancer, 51 cases with 58 lesions, were diagnosed. The percentage of localized lesions was 47.1% for Class III cases, 82.4% for Class IV cases and 100% for Class V cases; on the whole, identification was possible in 62.9% of all the cases. Comparison of the diagnoses made before and after all the branch brushings showed that, after the brushings, the rate of localization increased from 14.7% to 47.1%, and diagnosis of borderline lesions is also possible. Regarding the results obtained at the first examination, the rate of localization increased from 64.1% to 93.9%, and in particular, an improvement from 0% to 88.9% was noted for those cases where bronchoscopic findings had not been obtained. Based on the above results, it was concluded that the application of this brushing method is of value in the following cases: diagnosis of cases otherwise difficult to diagnose, detection of borderline lesions, and diagnosis of concurrent multiple primary lung cancer. In addition, this brushing method has made possible the detection of multiple intraepithelial lesions, leading to a more precise diagnosis of cells of the respiratory system in the near future.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1988

Case-control study of borderline ovarian tumors: reproductive history and exposure to exogenous female hormones.

Borderline ovarian tumors possess many of the same morphological features as their malignant counterparts, but they do not destructively invade the ovarian stroma, and the women in whom they develop generally have a favorable prognosis. Female residents of three urban counties of western Washington diagnosed with serous and mucinous borderline ovarian tumors between 1980 and 1985 (n = 116) were interviewed regarding past reproductive events. A random sample of women from the same counties (n = 158) was identified through random digit dialing and were interviewed. The risk of these ovarian tumors among women who had given birth to 1 or 2 children and to 3 or more children was, respectively, 0.7 and 0.4 that of nulliparous women. There was no consistent influence of increasing age at first live birth. Adjusting for parity, a history of lactation was associated with a 50% reduction in risk. Among nulliparous women, a further increase in risk was present in those who reported a history of infertility. Use of oral contraceptives was associated with a 60% reduction in risk. However, the size of the association was not dependent on duration, age at first use, or years since last usage. In conclusion, borderline tumors appear to have similar epidemiological patterns with regard to reproductive events as their more malignant counterparts.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

DNA-cytometric diagnosis of prospective malignancy in borderline lesions of the uterine cervix.

Interactive DNA cytometry was used for the diagnosis of prospective malignancy in 48 smears with borderline lesions (mild and moderate dysplasias) of the uterine cervix. In addition, 183 smears with benign squamous epithelia, 38 with carcinoma in situ and 7 with invasive squamous carcinoma were also measured. Nuclear Feulgen-DNA measurements were performed using various methods, and the resulting data were analyzed by an algorithm for a DNA-cytophotometric diagnosis of malignancy. The results were compared with the data on follow-up and subsequent histologic studies in these cases. There was no false-positive diagnosis in the 183 benign smears and only 1 false-negative diagnosis in the 76 histologically proven squamous-cell carcinomas, which yields a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 98.6%. The sensitivity for the detection of subsequent histologically proven malignancy in cases with cytologically mild or moderate dysplasia amounted to 97%. In 13 borderline cases, there was a mean interval of 21 months between the taking of the cytologic smear on which the DNA diagnosis of malignancy was made and the date on which the histologic confirmation of malignancy was made. In 17% of the cytologically dysplastic cases, the DNA diagnosis of malignancy was not verified by subsequent histologic investigation. These results indicate that interactive DNA cytometry is able to detect prospective malignancy in smears from borderline lesions of the uterine cervix with a high sensitivity.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1987

Exercise testing in juvenile borderline hypertension.

Exercise testing has emerged as an important method for improved evaluation of the cardiovascular system. However, juvenile patients presenting resting borderline hypertension have not been extensively studied. Therefore, this study evaluated the response to exercise in this group of patients. Nine hundred men aged 16 to 29 years performed a multistage near-maximal exercise test. The control group consisted of 338 age- and weight-matched, asymptomatic, healthy, normotensive individuals. Mean physical working capacity (+/- SD) was 129 +/- 28 W (82 +/- 18% of the normal according to our standardization) in the hypertension group, and 153 +/- 29 W (102 +/- 18%) in the control group (P less than 0.001). Mean systolic blood pressures at termination of exercise were 181 +/- 25 and 164 +/- 25 mm Hg in the hypertensive and the control groups, respectively; the mean diastolic values at termination of exercise were 49 +/- 32 and 32 +/- 29 mm Hg, respectively. The magnitude of the changes in blood pressure from rest to near-maximal values was smaller in the borderline-hypertensive individuals demonstrate a clear hypertensive pattern of reaction to physical activity, thus emphasizing the importance of exercise testing as part of the routine workup of such patients. The relationship between borderline hypertension and the risk of myocardial events has been established, and early hygienic or even pharmacological measures are necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Cardiovascular responses to exercise and stress in the borderline hypertensive rat.

This report demonstrates the effect of voluntary exercise in attenuating increases in heart rate (HR) caused by chronic stress in an animal model of stress-induced hypertension, the borderline hypertensive rat (BHR). Exercise training also protected against the hypertensive effects of stress in 16-wk-old, but not 10-wk-old animals. In the first experiment, adult borderline hypertensive rats were subjected to 1 wk of signaled shock followed by 6 wk of signaled, unsignaled, or no shock. Half of these animals also had free access to a running wheel. Blood pressure (BP) and HR were measured before and after treatments by the tail cuff method. Exercise was found to significantly attenuate the rise in BP by 56% and HR by over 100%, as compared to non-exercised animals. In a second study, borderline hypertensive rats were subjected daily to anticipation of shock or handling for 6 wk. Half of these animals could exercise voluntarily. BP and HR, measured weekly under light ether anesthesia, increased over time due to both stressors alone. Exercise attenuated stress-induced increases in HR by 50%, but did not attenuate BP. These studies demonstrate that voluntary exercise can reliably attenuate increases in HR regardless of age or concurrent stress, but the protective effects of exercise on stress-induced hypertension may interact with the age of the subject.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Salivary flow in borderline hypertension.

Salivary flow was studied in normotensives and in subjects with hypertension. Salivary flow rate was lower in borderline hypertensives than in normotensives. Propranolol, phentolamine and noradrenaline had no influence on salivary flow. Atropine decreased this parameter. The stimulating effect of neostigmine on saliva production was more pronounced in normotensives than in borderline hypertensives. The data support the assumption that in subjects with borderline hypertension the parasympathetic influence on the salivary glands is reduced.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The relationship of early maternal separation to borderline personality in children and adolescents: a pilot study.

The author compared 14 child and adolescent borderline patients, diagnosed by the criteria of Gunderson and Singer (1), with a control population for history of separation from the mother or significant caretaker before age 10. The borderline patients experienced a statistically greater number of separations than the psychotic controls, the nonpsychotic psychiatric controls, and the nonpsychiatrically-referred delinquent controls before age 5 but not between ages 5 and 10. The author concludes that the study provides statistical support for the theoretic role of disruption of the early infant-mother bond in borderline pathology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Marital therapy with borderline patients: is it beneficial?

Marital therapy has developed techniques which do not, for the most part, rely on the individual psychiatric diagnosis of the 2 partners. When both spouses suffer from Borderline personality disorders, the standard techniques do not seem to apply, are difficult to put into effect and the results of therapy are poor. The authors illustrate their experience with the description of a 3 month trial of marital therapy involving a borderline couple. The outcome suggests the need for careful individual and interactional diagnosis prior to marital therapy. Specific psychotherapeutic techniques should be tested for use with Borderline marriage partners.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Clinicobiochemical parallels in borderline neuropsychic disorders].

Under examination there were 173 patients with borderline neuropsychic disorders of the neurotic and neurosis-like genesis. In the course of the treatment the levels of acetylcholine and catecholamines were determined. It has been shown that in borderline neuropsychic disorders there are statistically significant differences in the levels of those neuromediators, these differences being characteristic for the neurotic and neurosis-like disorders. The process of the normalization of those levels was found to depend on the initial changes, which, in their turn, depended on the etiopathogenesis of the borderline disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Borderline hypertension.

Blood pressures over 130 mm Hg systolic and 80 mm Hg diastolic are associated with a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality as well as an increased risk of progression to later established hypertension. An average blood pressure based on repeated determinations is a better predictor of target organ damage in hypertensive individuals than an isolated casual clinic blood pressure. Careful clinical assessment of the patient with borderline hypertension can identify those at highest risk for progression to established hypertension and those at greatest risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We cannot currently recommend pharmacologic therapy for the vast majority of patients with blood pressures between l30/80 and l140/90 mm Hg. Although nonpharmacologic therapy is frequently met with a high degree of noncompliance, there is evidence that modest reductions in salt intake and weight often result in significant reductions in blood pressure. Many patients with borderline hypertension, when appraised of these facts, will comply and attempt to reach these limited goals. Repeated self-determination of blood pressures at home is ideally suited to many patients with borderline hypertension in defining current average blood pressure, detecting future progression, and evaluating the effects of nonpharmacologic interventions.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1983

[Comparative study of 15 borderline tumors and 31 cancers of the ovaries. Epidemiologic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects].

46 epithelial tumours of the ovary were seen over a period of 5 years. These tumours could be subdivided into 15 borderline tumours and 31 invasive cancers. An epidemiological study did not make it possible to find special factors in relationship to these two types. Studying the circumstances under which diagnoses were made demonstrated the value of considering: pain, ultrasound pictures and cytology from the Pouch of Douglas. It is essential to carry out laparotomy in every case of an organic tumour of the ovary. It is only by histological examination that it is possible to tell whether a tumour is borderline of invasive. A protocol for carrying out treatment is suggested. The results confirm the excellent prognosis for borderline tumours and the seriousness of other epithelial cancers of the ovary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Serum ionized calcium and corrected total calcium in borderline hyperparathyroidism.

We studied 25 borderline-hyperparathyroidism patients whose total serum calcium concentration was within normal limits (reference range: 2.25--2.75 mmol/liter) but whose concentrations of serum ionized calcium were above normal (reference range: 1.03--1.23 mmol/liter). Their hyperparathyroidism was histopathologically verified. To compare the discriminating value of corrected serum calcium with ionized calcium, we studied the serum calcium and albumin concentrations in a reference group of 2098 patients. After patients from endocrine and dialysis departments were excluded from the reference group, we obtained the range (mean +/- 2 SD) 2.05--2.71 mmol/liter for uncorrected serum calcium and 2.11--2.63 mmol/liter for corrected serum calcium. The correction factor for calcium on albumin was 20 mumol/g. Even with this limit for corrected serum calcium, 13 of 25 borderline hyperparathyroidism patients had values that fell within the reference range. We conclude that correcting total serum calcium values for serum albumin concentration improves discrimination of borderline hyperparathyroid patients, but that measurement of ionized calcium in serum discriminates better.

Calcium↗
PubMed1981

[Systematic cytological examination of discharges from the breast in young women. The value of screening for cancer of the breast and for borderline states (author's transl)].

The authors have used the cytological investigation of the liquid discharge from the breast to search systematically for cancerous states and, more usually, for borderline conditions in the breast. Using a simple technique it has been possible to obtain some discharge from the breast more or less easily. In 15 per 1000 cases cytological abnormalities have been found, which means that there were 39 pathological discharges in the 2490 women who were examined over five years. 27 of these were benign lesions and 12 of them were suspect. Of these latter three borderline conditions were found and one invasive cancer was found. All four were asymptomatic. It is therefore worth while examining discharges from the breast in screening for borderline conditions in young women.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Positioning of borderline and indetermined groups in the hanseniasis classification.

The authors discuss the present conceptions of the hanseniasis classification, establish the main clinical, histological, bacterioscopic and immunological characteristics of the borderline and indeterminate groups. They also believe that the borderline group is genetically pre-determined and show the importance of the indeterminate forms and its evolutionary aspects. They try a schematic process of classification from the Rabello's polar conception and conclude stating that the closing of the borderline groups within itself, with special characteristics, oscillating in a defined spectrum without touching the extremes T and V (L).

Humans↗
PubMed1980

[Ergometric investigations of the tension-time-index and of the PWC 170 in patients with borderline and stable hypertension in comparison with normals (author's transl)].

1. Comparative measurements of the Tension-Time-Index during ergometric work and of the Physical Working Capacity 170 were carried out in patients with borderline (n = 24) and stable hypertension (n = 51) in comparison with normals (n = 47), aged 20-60 years. 2. The Tension-Time-Index which is generally accepted as an indirect estimation of the myocardial oxygen consumption was significantly (p < 0.001) higher in the borderline hypertensives (30.5%) and in the hypertensives (41.7%) already at the low work load of 50 watt. 3. The PWC170 which has been shown to be a reliable ergometric method for determination of the physical performance was 21.2% lower (p < 0.001) in the hypertensives with 2.71 +/- 0.74 W/kg body weight in comparison with 3.44 +/- 0.8 W/kg body weight of the normals. Already the borderline hypertensives had a reduced PWC170 of 2.93 +/- 0.7 W/kg body weight. 4. Therefore hypertensives should perform a dosed endurance training of middle intensity, which results in a reduction of heart rate, systolic blood pressure and consequently of the Tension-Time-Index and which improves the Physical Working Capacity. These favourable effects of training are of great benefit especially for those patients also suffering from ischemic heart disease because the myocardial oxygen consumption is the limiting factor of physical performance. 5. In order to prevent acute and chronic vascular complications caused by excessive blood pressure increases during physical activity in hypertensives, ergometric tests for dosage of training and if necessary an antihypertensive treatment should be applied before starting the training program.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Associated cardiovascular factors of risk in borderline-diabetes (author's transl)].

In 1288 persons with reduced glucose tolerance (borderline-diabetics, recently discovered diabetics, which were never before treated) the cardiovascular factors of risk overweight (Broca-weight greater than or equal to 110%), hypertension (RR greater than or equal to 160 and/or 95 Torr), hypertriglyceridaemia (greater than or equal to 200 mg/100 ml), hypercholesterolaemia (greater than or equal to 260 mg/100 ml) and hyperuricaemia (greater than or equal to 6,5 mg/100 ml in males and 6.0 mg/100 ml in females) were determined and compared with the frequency of the same danger indicators of 564 persons with normal glucose tolerance. The borderline-diabetic, which is still being in the forefield of the fixed diabetic, shows a large number of cardiovascular factors of risk already and differed from the normal case of the same age by a significant accumulated occurrence of overweight, hypertension, hypertriglyceridaemia and hyperuricaemia. The diagnosis "borderline-diabetes" engages to look for more cardiovascular factors, especially in the both first thirds of life. The differences of associated factors of risk diminish with advance in years between the three groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Borderline ovarian tumors. Case reports and review of literature.

A borderline ovarian tumor or carcinoma of low malignant potential (LMP) may be defined as a tumor which possesses some, but not all, of the morphologic criteria of malignancy. The incidence ranges from 9% to 16.3% of the epithelial neoplasm and they are mainly at Stage I. Four cases of borderline ovarian tumor are described. Two (case 1 and case 2) given the patients' ages and the extent of the disease were treated with conservative therapy (monolateral ovariosalpingectomy), the other two, on the contrary, (case 3 and case 4) were treated with radical surgery. Given that, from current knowledge, non-invasive foci of a borderline type do not react to chemotherapy, no adjuvant chemotherapy was carried out. Antiblastic therapy is indicated only in sporadic cases of clearly invasive growth of the peritoneal foci. The follow-up, carried out every six months, was negative for partial or total recurrence of the disease, in all the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Torsion of an ovarian borderline tumor with extreme serum tumor markers: a case report.

A postmenopausal woman with torsion of the left ovarian mucinous cystadenoma with borderline malignancy is reported. Extremely elevated serum tumor markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (398.0 ng/mL, normal < 3.0 ng/mL), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) (240 U/mL, normal < 37 U/mL) and tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) (1,918 U/L, normal < 110 U/L) were found preoperatively. Imaging studies such as ultrasound and computed tomogram favored a diagnosis of ovarian malignancy, and advanced ovarian cancer was suspected prior to operation. Diagnosis of borderline malignancy was first made by frozen section during laparotomy. The patient recovered following simple total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Serum levels of the tumor markers became normal gradually following operation. To present knowledge, this is the first reported case with extremely high serum tumor markers in a postmenopausal woman with torsion of a stage-Ia ovarian mucinous cystadenoma of borderline malignancy. Rapid release of these tumor markers into circulation secondary to necrosis and degeneration of the tumor cells following torsion might account for such an unusual finding.

Aged↗