PubMed1990
There are many differences between full dentures on Brånemark implants and fixed partial dentures built on the same type of implants: due to some more critical anatomical conditions, the choice of number, position and length of the implants is more delicate; the need of an harmonious crown-gingival tissue relationship; higher occlusal forces than in edentalous cases; difficulty in satisfying aesthetic requirements and ease of hygiene. The surgical treatment plan, a pre-requesite to any surgery, permits to determine the length of implants, their number, their position, their long axis direction and the design of the surgical guide, which will indicate to the surgeon the location and the axis for drilling. If this axis is nearly parallel to the sagittal plane for mandibular implants, it will be angulated to that same plane for maxillary implants. In the latter cases, it is often necessary to use angulated transepithelial abutments in order to prevent the abutment screw from having an occlusal access. In order to perform the prosthetis, an impression should be taken with the transepithelial abutments. The final reconstruction can be preceded by a temporary prosthesis, then (or) transitory to await gingival stabilization and not overload the implant immediately after it has been connected with the abutment. The fixed partial denture can be secured with screws or cemented when it is of small size and it must satisfy the functional and aesthetic requirements of the patient. The choice of the material used on the occlusal surface is very important and varies depending on the case. Aesthetics should not be prevent an in easy hygiene. These objectives are not reached at the time the prosthesis is made but during the course of the surgical and prosthetic treatment. Single restorations are subjected to the rules pertaining to any fixed partial denture on implants, but have particular characteristics, such as the almost systematic elimination of the abutment and the absolute necessity of the correct placement of the implant. The single units are more easily subject to unscrewing for mechanical reasons. Although the use of implants is a valuable aid in cases of partial fixed restoration, it requires particular attention with regard to precision.
Dental Implantation, Endosseous↗