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PubMed2003

Parietal lobe contribution to mental rotation demonstrated with rTMS.

A large number of imaging studies have identified a role for the posterior parietal lobe, in particular Brodmann's area 7 and the intraparietal sulcus (IPS), in mental rotation. Here we investigated whether neural activity in the posterior parietal lobe is essential for successful mental rotation performance by observing the effects of interrupting this activity during the execution of a mental rotation task. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was applied to posterior parietal locations estimated to overlie Brodmann's area 7 in the right and the left hemisphere, or to a posterior midline location (sham condition). In three separate experiments, rTMS (four pulses, 20 Hz) was delivered at these locations either 200-400, 400-600, or 600-800 msec after the onset of a mental rotation trial. Disrupting neural activity in the right parietal lobe interfered with task performance, but only when rTMS was delivered 400 to 600 msec after stimulus onset. Stimulation of the left parietal lobe did not reliably affect mental rotation performance at any of the time points investigated. The time-limited effect of rTMS was replicated in a fourth experiment that directly compared the effects of rTMS applied to the right parietal lobe either 200-400 or 400-600 msec into the mental rotation trial. The results indicate that the right superior posterior parietal lobe plays an essential role in mental rotation, consistent with its involvement in a variety of visuospatial and visuomotor transformations.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Band 3 and glycophorin are progressively aggregated in density-fractionated sickle and normal red blood cells. Evidence from rotational and lateral mobility studies.

Band 3 aggregation in the plane of the red blood cell (RBC) membrane is postulated to be important in the pathophysiology of hemolysis of dense sickle and normal RBCs. We used the fluorescence photobleaching recovery and polarized fluorescence depletion techniques to measure the lateral and rotational mobility of band 3, glycophorins, and phospholipid analogues in membranes of density-separated intact RBCs from seven patients with sickle cell disease and eight normal controls. The fractions of laterally mobile band 3 and glycophorin decreased progressively as sickle RBC density increased. Normal RBCs also showed a progressive decrease in band 3 fractional mobility with increasing buoyant density. Rapidly rotating, slowly rotating, and rotationally immobile forms of band 3 were observed in both sickle and normal RBC membranes. The fraction of rapidly rotating band 3 progressively decreased and the fraction of rotationally immobile band 3 progressively increased with increasing sickle RBC density. Changes in the fraction of rotationally immobile band 3 were not reversible upon hypotonic swelling of dense sickle RBCs, and normal RBCs osmotically shrunken in sucrose buffers failed to manifest band 3 immobilization at median cell hemoglobin concentration values characteristic of dense sickle RBCs. We conclude that dense sickle and normal RBCs acquire irreversible membrane abnormalities that cause transmembrane protein immobilization and band 3 aggregation. Band 3 aggregates could serve as cell surface sites of autologous antibody binding and thereby lead to removal of dense sickle and normal (senescent) RBCs from the circulation.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1998

Fast rotating atherectomy catheter tip inhibits platelet aggregation and ATP release: a study using platelet-rich plasma.

The interaction of atherectomy devices with the arterial wall is the focus of many studies, but their effect on the surrounding blood is largely unknown. This is a detailed investigation on the effects of a rotational atherectomy device with a fast rotating tip on platelet structure and function. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was obtained from six volunteers, divided into 5 mL samples, and subjected to the atherectomy tip rotating at 20, 40, or 80 thousand rpm for 30 or 60 seconds. Platelet aggregation to collagen or adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was obtained in all samples by means of a dual-chamber optical aggregometer. The fast rotating catheter tip caused marked inhibition of platelet aggregation to both collagen and ADP. The maximum extent of aggregation was reduced from 85% +/-2.8 in control to 46% +/-4.8 with collagen (p<0.01) and from 86.1% +/-6.9 to 25.1% +/-4.3 with ADP (p<0.01). The rate of aggregation (measured at 4 minutes) dropped from 81.3% +/-2.7 to 40% +/-4.5 and from 73.9% +/-8.5 to 12.5% +/-2.6 (p<0.005) with collagen and ADP, respectively. These effects were related to rotating speed and duration of exposure. ATP release in response to collagen fell from 2.63 +/-0.13 nMol in control to 0.7 +/-0.1 nMol, p<0.001 after exposure to the rotating tip. There was no significant change in platelet count, nor was there formation of platelet aggregates (platelet aggregate ratio remained unchanged) to account for these phenomena. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy showed no significant platelet disruption or release of granules, and little signs of activation were seen even after addition of collagen. This is the first study to demonstrate that exposure to a fast rotating catheter tip inhibits in vitro platelet aggregation and ATP release. There were no apparent loss of integrity of platelet structure, release of granules, or formation of platelet aggregates. This phenomenon and its clinical implication justify further investigation.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1995

Staff rotation: implications for occupational therapy.

Occupational therapy departments of tertiary care hospitals can provide staff with opportunities to gain diverse clinical experience if they rotate through the various services such as surgery, medicine, geriatrics, plastic surgery and orthopaedics. The system of rotation offers both advantages and disadvantages for the staff and the institution. The Royal Victoria Hospital in Montreal, a large university teaching hospital, had traditionally offered staff the opportunity to rotate. Changes in staffing and their needs however, resulted in rotation becoming an important issue within the department. This article presents the pros and the cons of rotation and non-rotation systems as identified by therapists and administrators across Canada. Staff rotation was found to have an effect on job satisfaction and a therapist's career orientation. Given these findings, administrators may want to reconsider the role of the generalist and specialist in their facilities.

Canada↗
PubMed1994

The effects of scheduled intern rotation on the cost and quality of teaching hospital care.

We studied the effect of scheduled intern rotations on the cost and quality of inpatient care at one teaching hospital. For all discharges from the internal medicine service between 1980 and 1986, we identified 1,705 rotation patients and 3,141 no-rotation patients. Using linear or logistic regression analysis to control for baseline differences, we evaluated for the effect of rotation. We found that rotation was significantly related to longer length of hospital stay, b = 0.341 days, p = 0.001, and higher hospital charges (for log charges, b = 0.053, p = 0.016. Hospital deaths, nursing home placements, and 30-day readmissions were not significantly related to rotation, p > 0.1. These results suggest that the systematic discontinuity induced by scheduled intern rotations may be another source of increased health care costs experienced at teaching hospitals.

Continuity of Patient Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ligamentous restraints to external rotation of the humerus in the late-cocking phase of throwing. A cadaveric biomechanical investigation.

The late-cocking phase of throwing is characterized by extreme external rotation of the abducted arm; repeated stress in this position is a potential source of glenohumeral joint laxity. To determine the ligamentous restraints for external rotation in this position, 20 cadaver shoulders (mean age, 65 +/- 16 years) were dissected, leaving the rotator cuff tendons, coracoacromial ligament, glenohumeral capsule and ligaments, and coracohumeral ligament intact. The combined superior and middle glenohumeral ligaments, anterior band of the inferior glenohumeral ligament, and the entire inferior glenohumeral ligament were marked with sutures during arthroscopy. Specimens were mounted in a testing apparatus to simulate the late-cocking position. Forces of 22 N were applied to each of the rotator cuff tendons. An external rotation torque (0.06 N x m/sec to a peak of 3.4 N x m) was applied to the humerus of each specimen with the capsule intact and again after a single randomly chosen ligament was cut (N = 5 in each group). Cutting the entire inferior glenohumeral ligament resulted in the greatest increase in external rotation (10.2 degrees +/- 4.9 degrees). This was not significantly different from sectioning the coracohumeral ligament (8.6 degrees +/- 7.3 degrees). The anterior band of the inferior glenohumeral ligament (2.7 degrees +/- 1.5 degrees) and the superior and middle glenohumeral ligaments (0.7 degrees +/- 0.3 degrees) were significantly less important in limiting external rotation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isokinetic evaluation of internal/external tibial rotation strength after the use of hamstring tendons for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

BACKGROUND: Evaluation of the knee after an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with the use of the semitendinosus and gracilis (hamstring) autografts has primarily focused on flexion and extension strength. The semitendinosus and gracilis muscles contribute to internal tibial rotation, and it has been suggested that harvest of these tendons for the purpose of an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction contributes to internal tibial rotation weakness. HYPOTHESIS: Internal tibial rotation strength may be affected by the semitendinosus and gracilis harvest after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective evaluation of internal and external tibial rotation strength. METHODS: Inclusion criteria for subjects (N = 30): unilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction at least 2 years previously, a stable anterior cruciate ligament (<5-mm side-to-side difference) at time of testing confirmed by surgeon and KT-1000 arthrometer, no history of knee problems after initial knee reconstruction, a normal contralateral knee, and the ability to comply with the testing protocol. In an attempt to minimize unwanted subtalar joint motion, subjects were immobilized using an ankle brace and tested at angular velocities of 60 degrees /s, 120 degrees /s, and 180 degrees /s at a knee flexion angle of 90 degrees . RESULTS: The mean peak torque measurements for internal rotation strength of the operative limb (60 degrees /s, 17.4 +/- 4.5 ft-lb; 120 degrees /s, 13.9 +/- 3.3 ft-lb; 180 degrees /s, 11.6 +/- 3.0 ft-lb) were statistically different compared to the nonoperated limb (60 degrees /s, 20.5 +/- 4.7 ft-lb; 120 degrees /s, 15.9 +/- 3.8 ft-lb; 180 degrees /s, 13.4 +/- 3.8 ft-lb) at 60 degrees /s (P = .012), 120 degrees /s (P = .036), and 180 degrees /s (P = .045). The nonoperative limb demonstrated greater strength at all speeds. The mean torque measurements for external rotation were statistically similar when compared to the nonoperated limb at all angular velocities. CONCLUSIONS: We have shown through our study that patients who undergo surgical intervention to repair a torn anterior cruciate ligament with the use of autogenous hamstring tendons demonstrate with weaker internal tibial rotation postoperatively at 2 years when compared to the contralateral limb.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isokinetic evaluation of shoulder rotational strength in high school baseball pitchers.

Isokinetic, shoulder rotational strength was evaluated in 26 high school baseball pitchers before the start of spring practice. Using the Cybex II (Cybex, Division of Lumex, Inc., Ronkonkoma, NY), test data were gathered on the dominant and nondominant shoulders in the supine 90 degrees abducted test position (90 degrees AbTP) and the standing neutral test position (neutral TP). Tests were performed at 90 and 240 deg/sec. The HUMAC (Computer Sports Medicine, Inc., Flemington, NJ) computer system was used to analyze data. Means and standard deviations for peak torque, total work, peak torque to body weight ratios, and agonist/antagonist ratios are presented. Comparison of dominant to non-dominant sides and 90 degrees AbTP to neutral TP values are reported. Peak torque and total work values for the throwing side internal rotators were significantly higher than the nonthrowing side in all tests. Pitching side external rotators failed to show this dominance. External/internal rotation ratios for peak torque and total work were significantly lower on the pitching side, suggesting a relative imbalance of cuff musculature compared to the nonpitching shoulder. Significant differences existed between data gathered in the two different test positions. In the 90 degrees AbTP, external rotation peak torque and total work values and external/internal rotation peak torque and total work ratios were higher than the equivalent values gathered in the neutral TP. Internal rotation peak torque and total work values tended to be higher in the neutral TP than in the 90 degrees AbTP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Impact of an outpatient psychiatry rotation on Family Medicine Residents and Interns.

The present study examined the relative impact of a training program for Family Medicine Residents and Rotating Interns located in a Psychiatric Walk-In Clinic. Specifically, it was of interest to assess students' satisfaction with the orientation to the rotation, the degree of involvement in different activities and the amount of supervision received, as well as the skills acquired during the rotation. In addition to the information collected immediately following the rotation, student perceptions of the relative benefits of the rotation to their medical practice and their general attitude toward mental health facilities were obtained in a follow-up survey. The results indicated that students were generally satisfied with their rotation. In particular, their level of satisfaction was related to the exposure to a wide variety of psychiatric patients, the supervision received, and the fulfillment of their expectations of the rotation. The findings also indicated that the training program did not meet all the needs of the students, particularly in the area of the assessment and treatment of couples and families and the utilization of psychotropic medications.

Alberta↗
PubMed2005

Analysis of right anterolateral impacts: the effect of head rotation on the cervical muscle whiplash response.

BACKGROUND: The cervical muscles are considered a potential site of whiplash injury, and there are many impact scenarios for whiplash injury. There is a need to understand the cervical muscle response under non-conventional whiplash impact scenarios, including variable head position and impact direction. METHODS: Twenty healthy volunteers underwent right anterolateral impacts of 4.0, 7.6, 10.7, and 13.0 m/s2 peak acceleration, each with the head rotated to the left, then the head rotated to the right in a random order of impact severities. Bilateral electromyograms of the sternocleidomastoids, trapezii, and splenii capitis following impact were measured. RESULTS: At a peak acceleration of 13.0 m/s2, with the head rotated to the right, the right trapezius generated 61% of its maximal voluntary contraction electromyogram (MVC EMG), while all other muscles generated 31% or less of this variable (31% for the left trapezius, 13% for the right spleinus. capitis, and 16% for the left splenius capitis). The sternocleidomastoids muscles also tended to show an asymmetric EMG response, with the left sternocleidomastoid (the one responsible for head rotation to the right) generating a higher percentage (26%) of its MVC EMG than the left sternocleidomastoid (4%) (p < 0.05). When the head is rotated to the left, under these same conditions, the results are reversed even though the impact direction remains right anterolateral. CONCLUSION: The EMG response to a right anterolateral impact is highly dependent on the head position. The sternocleidomastoid responsible for the direction of head rotation and the trapezius ipsilateral to the direction of head rotation generate the most EMG activity.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Surgical correction of unsuccessful derotational humeral osteotomy in obstetric brachial plexus palsy: evidence of the significance of scapular deformity in the pathophysiology of the medial rotation contracture.

BACKGROUND: The current method of treatment for persistent internal rotation due to the medial rotation contracture in patients with obstetric brachial plexus injury is humeral derotational osteotomy. While this procedure places the arm in a more functional position, it does not attend to the abnormal glenohumeral joint. Poor positioning of the humeral head secondary to elevation and rotation of the scapula and elongated acromion impingement causes functional limitations which are not addressed by derotation of the humerus. Progressive dislocation, caused by the abnormal positioning and shape of the scapula and clavicle, needs to be treated more directly. METHODS: Four patients with Scapular Hypoplasia, Elevation And Rotation (SHEAR) deformity who had undergone unsuccessful humeral osteotomies to treat internal rotation underwent acromion and clavicular osteotomy, ostectomy of the superomedial border of the scapula and posterior capsulorrhaphy in order to relieve the torsion developed in the acromio-clavicular triangle by persistent asymmetric muscle action and medial rotation contracture. RESULTS: Clinical examination shows significant improvement in the functional movement possible for these four children as assessed by the modified Mallet scoring, definitely improving on what was achieved by humeral osteotomy. CONCLUSION: These results reveal the importance of recognizing the presence of scapular hypoplasia, elevation and rotation deformity before deciding on a treatment plan. The Triangle Tilt procedure aims to relieve the forces acting on the shoulder joint and improve the situation of the humeral head in the glenoid. Improvement in glenohumeral positioning should allow for better functional movements of the shoulder, which was seen in all four patients. These dramatic improvements were only possible once the glenohumeral deformity was directly addressed surgically.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

Egfr signaling regulates ommatidial rotation and cell motility in the Drosophila eye via MAPK/Pnt signaling and the Ras effector Canoe/AF6.

Epidermal Growth Factor-receptor (Egfr) signaling is evolutionarily conserved and controls a variety of different cellular processes. In Drosophila these include proliferation, patterning, cell-fate determination, migration and survival. Here we provide evidence for a new role of Egfr signaling in controlling ommatidial rotation during planar cell polarity (PCP) establishment in the Drosophila eye. Although the signaling pathways involved in PCP establishment and photoreceptor cell-type specification are beginning to be unraveled, very little is known about the associated 90 degrees rotation process. One of the few rotation-specific mutations known is roulette (rlt) in which ommatidia rotate to a random degree, often more than 90 degrees. Here we show that rlt is a rotation-specific allele of the inhibitory Egfr ligand Argos and that modulation of Egfr activity shows defects in ommatidial rotation. Our data indicate that, beside the Raf/MAPK cascade, the Ras effector Canoe/AF6 acts downstream of Egfr/Ras and provides a link from Egfr to cytoskeletal elements in this developmentally regulated cell motility process. We provide further evidence for an involvement of cadherins and non-muscle myosin II as downstream components controlling rotation. In particular, the involvement of the cadherin Flamingo, a PCP gene, downstream of Egfr signaling provides the first link between PCP establishment and the Egfr pathway.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Cooperative activities of drosophila DE-cadherin and DN-cadherin regulate the cell motility process of ommatidial rotation.

Ommatidial rotation is a cell motility read-out of planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling in the Drosophila eye. Although the signaling aspects of PCP establishment are beginning to be unraveled, the mechanistic aspects of the associated ommatidial rotation process remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the Drosophila DE- and DN-cadherins have opposing effects on rotation. DE-cadherin promotes rotation, as DE-cad mutant ommatidia rotate less than wild type or not at all. By contrast, the two DN-cadherins act to restrict this movement, with ommatidia rotating too fast in the mutants. The opposing effects of DE- and DN-cadherins result in a coordinated cellular movement, enabling ommatidia of the same stage to rotate simultaneously. Genetic interactions, phenotypic analysis and localization studies indicate that EGF-receptor and Frizzled-PCP signaling feed into the regulation of cadherin activity and localization in this context. Thus, DE- and DN-cadherins integrate inputs from at least two signaling pathways, resulting in a coordinated cell movement. A similar input into mammalian E- and N-cadherins might function in the progression of diseases such as metastatic ovarian cancer.

Alleles↗
PubMed1981

Properties of rotational behaviour produced by methylxanthine derivatives in mice with unilateral striatal 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesions.

The present investigation was undertaken to study effects of methylxanthine derivatives on rotational behaviour produced by dopamine receptor stimulating drugs and properties of methylxanthine-induced rotation in mice with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced lesions of the striatum. L-Dopa 10mg/kg, i.p., produced contralateral turning which lasted for about 40 min. When L-dopa 10mg/kg was given to mice in combination with theophylline 25 mg/kg, total turns for 2 hr were significantly higher than those of L-dopa and theophylline alone. Caffeine and theophylline in doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg, i.p., respectively, produced marked increase in contralateral rotation in a dose-dependent manner in mice with lesions. Theobromine 100 mg/kg, i.p., also produced a moderate contralateral rotation. Total turns of ipsilateral rotation produced by methylxanthine derivatives were less than 10% of those of contralateral circling. Theophylline-induced contralateral rotation was reduced to nearly 30% of the control by alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (alpha-MPT). It was also suppressed by spiroperidol, at a dose higher than that to apomorphine or methamphetamine. These results suggest that methylxanthine derivatives produce contralateral rotational behaviour due to not only phosphodiesterase inhibition but also dopamine receptor stimulation.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Effect of crop rotation on populations of Epitrix tuberis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in potato.

The effect of crop rotation on populations of tuber flea beetle, Epitrix tuberis Gentner, in potatoes was investigated using data supplied by an integrated pest management (IPM) company and Geographic Information System software and conventional statistical methods. Using combined 1995 and 1996 data, beetles of the overwintered and F1 generations in both the interior and edges of potato fields showed a significant linear increase with an increase in the preceding consecutive years (0, 1, and 2 years) that the current years' crop was planted to potatoes. Populations were significantly higher in nonrotated fields compared with rotated fields. Both the percentage of the cropping region requiring insecticidal control of tuber flea beetles and the cost of insecticides per hectare of potatoes grown increased linearly with an increase in the number of previous years planted to potatoes. Not practicing crop rotation resulted in a 4.2-7.3% increase in the cropping region requiring insecticidal control of tuber flea beetles. The cost of controlling beetles in potato fields planted to potatoes for 3 consecutive years was up to $20/ha greater than potatoes rotated from the preceding year. Beetle counts from the interior of rotated potato fields never exceeded threshold levels when field edges also were below threshold. It is concluded that sampling of overwintered beetles in interior sites of rotated fields could be abandoned, and only 1 monitoring scout rather than 2 would be necessary to monitor a field during this time. From these results, we concluded that rotating potato crops would reduce spray costs to the farmer and monitoring costs to IPM companies.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2001

Predicting western corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) larval injury to rotated corn with Pherocon AM traps in soybeans.

Crop rotation for portions of east central Illinois and northern Indiana no longer adequately protects corn (Zea mays L.) roots from western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte. Seventeen growers in east central Illinois monitored western corn rootworm adults in soybean (Glycine max L.) fields with unbaited Pherocon AM traps during 1996 and 1997. In the following years (1997 and 1998), growers left untreated strips (no insecticide applied) when these fields were planted with corn. Damage to rotated corn by rootworms was more severe in untreated than in treated strips of rotated corn, ranging from minor root scarring to a full node of roots pruned. Densities of western corn rootworms in soybean fields from 1996 were significantly correlated with root injury to rotated corn the following season. Adult densities from 1997 were not significantly correlated with root injury in 1998, due to heavy precipitation throughout the spring of 1998 and extensive larval mortality. Twenty-eight additional growers volunteered in 1998 to monitor rootworm adults in soybean fields with Pherocon AM traps based on recommendations that resulted from our research efforts in 1996 and 1997. In 1999, these 28 fields were rotated to corn, and rootworm larval injury was measured in untreated strips. Based on 1996-1997 and 1998-1999 data, a regression analysis revealed that 27% of the variation in root injury to rotated corn could be explained by adult density in soybeans the previous season. We propose a sampling plan for soybean fields and a threshold for predicting western corn rootworm larval injury to rotated corn.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2005

Evaluation of Cuphea as a rotation crop for control of western corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).

The ability to prevent significant root feeding damage to corn, Zea mays L., by the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, by crop rotation with soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., has been lost in portions of the Corn Belt because this pest has adapted to laying eggs in soybean fields. Cuphea spp. has been proposed as a new broadleaf crop that may provide an undesirable habitat for rootworm adults because of its sticky surface and therefore may reduce or prevent oviposition in these fields. A 4-yr study (1 yr to establish seven rotation programs followed by 3 yr of evaluation) was conducted to determine whether crop rotation with Cuphea would provide cultural control of corn rootworm. In support of Cuphea as a rotation crop, fewer beetles were captured by sticky traps in plots of Cuphea over the 4 yr of this study compared with traps in corn and soybean, suggesting that fewer eggs may be laid in plots planted to Cuphea. Also, corn grown after Cuphea was significantly taller during vegetative growth, had significantly lower root damage ratings for 2 of 3 yr, and had significantly higher yields for 2 of 3 yr compared with continuous corn plots. In contrast to these benefits, growing Cuphea did not prevent economic damage to subsequent corn crops as indicated by root damage ratings > 3.0 recorded for corn plants in plots rotated from Cuphea, and sticky trap catches that exceeded the threshold of five beetles trap(-1) day(-1). Beetle emergence from corn plots rotated from Cuphea was significantly lower, not different and significantly higher compared with beetle emergence from continuous corn plots for 2002, 2003 and 2004 growing seasons, respectively. A high number of beetles were captured by emergence cages in plots planted to Cuphea, indicating that rootworm larvae may be capable of completing larval development by feeding on roots of Cuphea, although peak emergence lagged approximately 4 wk behind peak emergence from corn. Based on these data, it is unlikely that crop rotation with Cuphea will provide consistent, economical, cultural control of corn rootworm.

Allergens↗
PubMed1986

Sonography of the postoperative rotator cuff.

In experienced hands, high-resolution real-time sonography has been shown to be an accurate noninvasive method for diagnosis of rotator cuff tears. The sonographic appearance of the postoperative rotator cuff has not been previously reported. Forty postoperative patients were studied sonographically 1 week to 6 years after rotator cuff repair. The postoperative rotator cuff is abnormally echogenic and can be very similar in appearance to a small rotator cuff tear in a nonoperated patient. Soft-tissue planes about the tendon are distorted or absent. Criteria for diagnosis of retear must be different from those used in detecting new tears in a nonoperated cuff. Postoperative echogenicity is normal, but the finding of a defect or gap within the rotator cuff tendon is the only accurate sign of a recurrent rotator cuff tear.

Humans↗