Artificial lesion formation around glass ionomer restorations in root surfaces: a histologic study.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Dental Caries↗
SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “Root Caries”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Dental state and needs for episodic care of institutionalized elderly in an Asian community.
This study examined the dental state of institutionalized elderly and their need for care. An oral examination was carried out on 479 elderly persons living in long-term care facilities with a mean age of 74.9 years. Results showed an overall DMF score of 27.0 and the average number of teeth in dentate subjects was 7.5. A large proportion of teeth (76.6%) was lost through dental caries and the loss increased significantly with age. Consequently, 56.1% of subjects were edentulous, of whom 78.8% were without dentures. Among the conditions that required urgent dental care, majority of subjects needed extractions of residual roots and loose teeth. A lesser proportion required treatment for gross caries (4.8%), periodontal disease (5.0%), suspected tumor (0.2%), as well as alleviation of pain and infection arising from mucosal lesions (4.8%), abscesses (3.3%) and TMJ problems (2.8%). The treatment needs for dentures and episodic care are high among institutionalized elderly and need to be addressed.
Aged↗
Dental effects of diet and coca-leaf chewing on two prehistoric cultures of northern Chile.
Two ancient cultures of northern Chile, the Chinchorro (9000-3500 BP) and the Maitas Chiribaya (850-700 BP) were examined for dental pathology in search of possible correlations between dental health, diet, and the cultural practice of coca-leaf chewing. The Chinchorro occupied the river mouth of the Azapa valley, subsisting almost exclusively on a maritime economy. The Maitas Chiribaya, descendants of migrant highlanders, had a rather well-developed agricultural subsistence base. The Chinchorro demonstrated extreme attrition rates and a correspondingly high frequency of periapical abscesses. They were essentially caries-free and enjoyed a moderate antemortem tooth loss frequency. The Maitas Chiribaya suffered light attrition; a high caries frequency, especially at the cementoenamel junction of crown and root, and a remarkably high antemortem tooth loss frequency. The cultural practice of coca-leaf chewing is implicated in the excessive posterior edentulism of the Maitas Chiribaya.
Adult↗
Effects of digital grey-scale modification on the diagnosis of small approximal carious lesions.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of approximal caries diagnosis from digitized radiographs and digitally modified radiographic images, compared with conventional radiography. Twenty bitewing radiographs were digitized and from the digitized radiographs mirror-images were produced, resulting in 40 digital images. The caries progress at three approximal surfaces was graded by 12 dentists from conventional radiographs, digital unmodified images and digitally modified images. The image modifications were derived from the cumulative probability of grey values in the original digital image using one of five probability distributions: uniform, exponential, Rayleigh, hyperbolic cube root and hyperbolic logarithmic. Interobserver agreement was substantial. The unmodified digital images produced sensitivities comparable to radiographs but their specificities were lower. When the diagnostic task was to discriminate between 'caries' and 'no caries', the exponential, hyperbolic cube root and hyperbolic logarithmic modifications and radiographs performed equally well. With the decision cut off between 'dentinal caries' and 'no dentinal caries', the sensitivity of the hyperbolic logarithmic type of modification was statistically significantly superior to that of radiographs, but this modification was also associated with a statistically significant reduction of specificity. It is concluded that in particular the hyperbolic logarithmic modification can be an alternative to conventional radiography in incipient approximal caries diagnosis and restorative decision making.
Color↗
Histological evaluation of teeth with hyperplastic pulpitis caused by trauma or caries: case reports.
AIM: The purpose of this histological study was to examine teeth with hyperplastic pulpitis caused by trauma or caries. SUMMARY: The pulp tissue of one young permanent incisor with a complicated crown-root fracture and a hyperplastic pulpitis, which had been contaminated with oral microflora for 40 days, and pulp polyps from four permanent first molars whose crowns were destroyed by extensive caries were prepared for standard histological examination. Histologically, normal pulp tissue organization was observed in the tooth with a complicated crown-root fracture in the cervical radicular region. Irregular calcification was seen in the coronal and radicular portion of the pulp in the four carious teeth with pulp polyps. Radicular pulp tissue in the middle and apical third of root canals beneath irregular calcification showed intensive fibrosis but was free from inflammatory cells. KEY LEARNING POINTS: Hyperplastic pulpitis is a type of irreversible chronic open pulpitis. Young permanent teeth with hyperplastic pulpitis caused by trauma or caries have a great inherent defensive capacity to heal.
Adolescent↗
Pathology associated with impacted mandibular third molars in a group of Jordanians.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and type of a group of radiographically detectable pathologic conditions around impacted mandibular third molars in Jordanians. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of patients referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery unit for surgical removal of impacted mandibular molars. The analysis outcome measures were the patients' age and gender, and any radiographic lesions associated with the impacted mandibular third molars. The following radiographic lesions were recorded in relation to the impacted third molar: caries, pericoronal radiolucent areas, and periapical radiolucent areas, in addition to odontomes, caries in the adjacent second molars, and external resorption of the roots of adjacent mandibular second molars. Bony radiolucent areas were all verified histopathologically. RESULTS: Impacted mandibular third molars (N = 2,432) from 1,398 patients were examined; 46.4% of third molars showed associated radiographically detected lesions. The most common lesion seen on panoramic radiographs was dental caries. Others included pericoronal radiolucent and periapical radiolucent areas. The majority of periapical radiolucent areas were histologically proven to be chronic periapical inflammation. All pericoronal radiolucent areas were histologically found to be either cysts or tumors. The most common cyst was dentigerous cyst; the most common tumor was ameloblastoma. CONCLUSION: A high ratio of impacted mandibular third molars in this group of Jordanians had an associated pathologic lesion.
Adolescent↗
[Preparation for root canal therapy using a new composite for posterior teeth].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Bicuspid↗
The cervical window as an aid in root canal access.
Access to the coronal opening of root canals may be very difficult in cases where cervical caries, whether treated or not, has developed. A direct view through a buccal opening, called a buccal window, was successfully used on two patients and is proposed for similar cases.
Dental Cavity Preparation↗
In vitro caries-inhibitory properties of a silver cermet.
Recurrent caries is one of the primary causes of failure of dental restorations. One method for reducing the frequency and severity of this problem is the use of fluoride-releasing restorative materials. The glass-ionomer cements are a type of fluoride-releasing material. They have been used extensively in recent years for a variety of clinical applications. However, in comparison with other restorative materials such as amalgam and composite resins, glass ionomers have relatively poor physical properties. Sintering of silver particles to glass-ionomer powder is a means of improving these physical properties. The sintered material is called a silver-glass ionomer or silver cermet. This study examined the in vitro caries-inhibitory potential of a silver cement by means of two methods. First, long-term fluoride release was measured. Second, an artificial caries system was used for evaluation of caries inhibition by cerment restorations in extracted teeth. In comparison with a standard glass-ionomer restorative material, fluoride release from the cermet material was significantly less throughout a 12-month period. The results from the artificial caries system indicated that this decreased fluoride release corresponded with a lesser degree of caries inhibition. Lesions around cermet restorations in both enamel and root surfaces were significantly more severe than those around conventional glass-ionomer restorations. However, in comparison with amalgam and composite resin restorations, the cermet did have some cariostatic activity.
Cermet Cements↗
Lesions resembling caries in unerupted teeth.
Two cases are presented documenting the recognition and treatment of defects in the coronal portion of unerupted mandibular second permanent molars. The teeth were surgically exposed and the lesions treated as deep pit and fissure caries. Small, vital pulp exposures were encountered in both cases. Calcium hydroxide was placed and restoration with amalgam followed. Normal root formation and eruption occurred for 24 and 6 months, respectively. A firm diagnosis of caries, external resorption, or internal resorption could not be made because of the lack of histologic study.
Child↗
Marginal bone level in the normal primary dentition.
The aim of the present study was to establish the normal range for the radiographic distance between the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) and the marginal bone level (MBL) in the primary dentition, and to relate this distance to various physiological and pathological factors. 128 children at the ages 7, 8 and 9 years took part in the study. Clinical and radiographic examinations of the mesial and distal surfaces of all primary molars and the distal surface of the primary canines were performed. The clinical examination included measurements of the amounts of plaque, bleeding on probing, probing depth and probing attachment loss. In addition, increased mobility of the primary teeth and stage of eruption of the neighbouring permanent teeth were recorded. The radiographic examination included measurements of the CEJ-MBL distance and the remaining root length. Also, exfoliating teeth, presence of proximal dentin caries, restorations and calculus were recorded from the radiographs. Associations between various explanatory variables and the CEJ-MBL distance were tested with both a chi 2 test and a variance components analysis. The mean CEJ-MBL distance for all primary tooth surfaces was 1.0 mm. Individual surfaces displayed distances ranging from 0.0-4.0 mm. Of the variables tested for association with the CEJ-MBL distance, eruption of neighbouring permanent tooth and exfoliation of neighbouring primary tooth seemed to be associated with large CEJ-MBL distances. When surfaces with these characteristics were excluded, a CEJ-MBL range of 0.0-2.0 mm was obtained.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Alveolar Process↗
How Swedish dental hygienists apply their training program in the field.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate how clinical practice by Swedish dental hygienists was related to type of dental delivery system, period of training, educational institution attended and patient category. Dental hygienists from 14 different dental hygiene schools were represented. Of these schools, 11 are still in operation. A specially designed questionnaire was posted to all dental hygienists in Sweden (n = 1857). A total of 1399 questionnaire (75.3%) were completed and returned, providing data on 15,546 dental appointments. 37.2% of the Swedish dental hygienists are presently working in private practices, 45.8% in the public dental health service and 6.2% in both. Of the patients treated by hygienists, 88.7% were adults: 99.5% in private practice and 78.4% in the public dental health service. 42.0% of all dental hygienists were trained in 1980-84. The mean treatment time per appointment in private practice was 49.7 min and 45 min in the public dental health service. Scaling, root-planning and removal of overhangs took 27 min per visit in private practice and 22 min in the public dental health service. However, there were no significant differences in methods in the two delivery systems with respect to examinations, self-care training, professional mechanical toothcleaning (PMTC), topical fluoride application, or salivary and oral microbiology tests. The adult patient categories were periodontal risk (45.1%), caries risk (9.1%) and hygiene (34.6%). In periodontal risk patients, scaling, root-planning and removal of overhangs took 28 min per appointment and 14 min in caries risk patients.
Adolescent↗
The annual frequency of root fillings, tooth extractions and pulp-related procedures in Danish adults during 1977-2003.
AIM: To investigate a hypothesized long-time decrease of endodontic treatment in a population with low caries prevalence. METHODOLOGY: A Danish nationwide database including almost all dental diagnostic, prophylactic and therapeutic procedures performed in Danish adults was available. Data on the annual frequencies of root fillings, extractions, pulpotomies, direct pulp cappings and stepwise excavations between 1977 and 2003 were analysed. Data on pulpal and periapical diagnoses were not available and on patients age and gender only from 1996. RESULTS: Between 1977 and 2003 the annual number of root filled canals increased from 268,223 to 364,867 (36%). The annual number of root filled teeth increased from 160,119 to 191,803 (20%). During the period, the annually registered patients increased by 16%. Calculated per 1000 patients, the number of root fillings showed a statistically significant increase of 17%. In root filled teeth the canal/tooth ratio increased from 1.67 to 1.96. Root fillings were frequently recorded in all age groups with the bulk of treatments performed on patients between 40 and 60 years of age. At a total population level, the rate of root fillings decreased among younger individuals and increased among older. The annual number of tooth extractions was more than halved from 656,624 in 1977 to 346,490 in 2003. Pulpotomies decreased markedly over the period and less than 10 treatments per 1000 patients were noted for pulp capping as well as stepwise excavation procedures. CONCLUSIONS: The present study failed to show a long-time decrease of endodontic treatment in a population with low caries prevalence. On the contrary, an increase of root filled canals was observed between 1977 and 2003, which was probably due to a reduction of the tooth extraction rate and an increased treatment of multi-rooted teeth.
Adult↗
Correlation of transversal microradiography and microhardness on in situ-induced demineralization in irradiated and nonirradiated human dental enamel.
The objective was to evaluate whether a correlation exists between microhardness (MH) and transversal microradiographical (TMR) data for in situ-induced caries lesions in irradiated and nonirradiated human enamel. Enamel specimens were prepared from the lingual and buccal surfaces of 20 freshly extracted, caries-free third molars. The surfaces were polished (4000 grit). Either the lingual or the buccal specimen of each tooth was irradiated with 60 Gy; the other sample was not irradiated. Two irradiated and two nonirradiated specimens were inserted into both buccal aspects of each of five intraoral mandibular appliances. The appliances were worn by five persons for 6 weeks day and night. One side was brushed daily with a fluoride-free toothpaste; on the other side, dental plaque was allowed to grow. Individual oral hygiene was performed without any fluorides. During meals, the appliance was stored in 10% sucrose solution. Then the enamel specimens were cut perpendicular to their oral surface. The cut surface was polished (4000 grit) and the Knoop hardness number (KHN) was measured across the lesions, at 25, 50 and 75 microm from the oral surface. After MH testing the samples were polished again, thereby reducing the surface by about 10 microm. Subsequently, the slabs were ground to a thickness of 90 microm, and studied by means of TMR. Mineral loss was calculated with dedicated software at the locations corresponding to the MH testing. A total of 120 paired data was submitted to linear-regression analysis. Neither MH nor TMR showed significant differences between irradiated and nonirradiated enamel lesions. A linear relation was found between square root of KHN and the mineral volume percent. In naturally induced caries lesions, MH values can be converted to mineral volume percent using the equation [21.19 + 3.66 x square root of KHN]. This equation fits the data with a reliable correlation coefficient (r2=0.915).
Adult↗
A diagnostic comparison of panoramic and intraoral radiographs.
OBJECTIVE: This study compared panoramic and intraoral radiographic surveys in the evaluation of specific dental pathoses in Air Force personnel. STUDY DESIGN: The radiographs of 30 subjects were read singly and in various combinations: panoramic survey only; periapicals plus bitewings; panoramic survey plus bitewings; and panoramic survey plus periapicals plus bitewings. Three independent, blinded examiners using standardized viewing conditions assessed the radiographs in random order for the presence of caries, periapical pathoses, bone loss, furcation involvement, impacted/unerupted teeth, internal/external root resorption, and retained roots. The consensus radiographic standard of true pathosis was the simultaneous interpretation by the three examiners of all radiographs for each subject. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The panoramic survey by itself was shown to have the lowest correlation with the consensus radiographic standard when basic military trainees with generalized dental pathoses were evaluated. The combination of panoramic survey plus bitewing radiographs exhibited a diagnostic yield for specific pathoses that was comparable to that of panoramic survey plus bitewings plus periapicals.
Adolescent↗
Optimisation of conditions of visualisation of dental crowns in dental radiography.
Digital X-ray imaging systems are an alternative to conventional intraoral radiograms. In the paper there are discussed the possibilities of application of different digital radiography tools as well as density measurements in optimization of diagnostics of pathological lesions of teeth crowns. There were analyzed 1,491 digital intraoral radiograms obtained in 985 patients in the Digora Soredex digital radiography system. On all taken X-ray pictures there were evaluated the crowns of teeth in cases of primary and secondary caries, dental fillings, internal resorption, traumatic lesions of incisors as well as the relationships between deep carietic lesions and pulp horns as well as root furcation. An attempt was made to assess the possibilities of differentiation of cervical caries and cervical burn-out. In the paper there were presented the optimal options of digital radiography software in diagnostics of the discussed pathological lesions.
Crowns↗
Dyskeratosis congenita: report of a case.
Dyskeratosis congenita is a rare multisystem condition involving mainly the ectoderm. It is characterized by a triad of reticular skin pigmentation, nail dystrophy and leukoplakia of mucous membranes. Oral and dental abnormalities may also be present. Complications are a predisposition to malignancy and bone marrow involvement with pancytopenia. The case of a 14-year-old girl is described who presented with several of the characteristic systemic features of this condition, together with the following oral features: hypodontia, diminutive maxillary lateral incisors, delayed dental eruption, crowding in the maxillary premolar region, short roots, poor oral hygiene, gingival inflammation and bleeding, alveolar bone loss, caries and a smooth atrophic tongue with leukoplakia. Although this condition is rare, dental surgeons should be aware of the dental abnormalities that exist and the risk of malignant transformation within the areas of leukoplakia.
Adolescent↗
Influence of antineoplastic therapy on function of the masticatory system, tooth development, and cariogenic status: a case report.
Antineoplastic therapy causes developmental disturbances in the dental enamel and root if children are treated during tooth development. Increased caries activity has also been reported. The effect of anticancer therapy on the function of the masticatory system (i.e. jaws, dentition, masticatory muscles) is not well known. A case report of a 9-year-old girl with right auricular rhabdomyosarcoma is presented. She received irradiation of 50 Gy to the right auricular area and chemotherapy. A year and a half after cessation of cancer therapy, she was disease free and the clinical stomatognathic examination combined with electromyogram (EMG) registration of the masseter and temporal muscles and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination of the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) revealed a strongly restricted mouth opening capacity, painful right TMJ, and flattened head of the right mandibular condyle. Muscle atrophy in the right masseter muscle was clearly visible but EMG activities of the masseter and temporal muscles, however, were higher on the right than on the left. More severe developmental defects, and worse gingival and cariological health were observed on the right side than on the left side. She developed 12 carious lesions and all the lesions were on the right maxilla or mandible or on anterior teeth. The left side was not affected. Intensive prophylactic dental care after cancer treatment is important in order to prevent caries and gingival inflammation. Stomatognathic treatment (i.e. management of occlusal and dysfunctional problems) may improve the mouth opening capacity and relieve pain.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗