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Results for “RADIATION MONITORING”

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At least 1,189 records · Page 66Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Radiation primer.

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Emergency Medical Services↗
PubMed1985

External radiation doses to nuclear medicine technologists from procedures using 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals.

In the course of their work Nuclear Medicine technologists are exposed to continuous low doses of ionising radiation, most of which is received during the use of 99mTc. This study investigated the radiation exposures received by technologists at a typical Canadian Nuclear Medicine department, during the most commonly performed 99mTC imaging procedures. Exposure rates were measured from both shielded and unshielded syringes containing typical amounts of injected radioactivity. Typical exposure rates received from patients were also measured during actual imaging procedures. From these measurements the cumulative absorbed doses per technologist, per annum, during radionuclide handling and patient imaging was calculated, for each of the procedures investigated. The results show that by far the greatest proportion of a Nuclear Medicine technologist's exposure is received during the imaging process rather than during radionuclide handling. Brain static, and bone, imaging provide the greatest exposures from patients. Cumulative doses can be considerably reduced by keeping technologist-patient distances to a maximum. The use of a lead apron would be most beneficial during close patient contact in bone and brain imaging procedures.

Canada↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of radiotherapeutic effect on brain tumors by dynamic susceptibility contrast MR imaging: a preliminary report.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess tumor vascularity of the brain by dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MR imaging and to determine whether this method is clinically useful for monitoring radiation effects on brain tumors. We, furthermore, compared DSC MR imaging with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using technetium-99m diethylene-triamine-pentaacetic acid human serum albumin (99mTc-HSA-D) in the assessment of tumor vascularity in a limited numbers of cases. METHODS: Twelve patients with various kinds of brain tumors were studied. DSC MRI was performed on all patients before and after radiation therapy. SPECT using 99mTc-HSA-D was also performed in five patients. The rate of change in tumor blood volume in response to radiation therapy was evaluated with DSC MRI and SPECT. The rate of change in tumor volume in response to radiation was also measured. RESULTS: Ten patients were successfully studied. The rate of change in tumor blood volume correlated well between DSC MRI and SPECT. There was no significant correlation between the rates of change for tumor blood volume and tumor volume. Changes in tumor vascularity preceded the reduction in tumor volume seen following radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: DSC MRI provides information regarding radiation effects on tumor vessels that is not available with conventional MRI.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Radiation exposure of Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists during ureteroscopic procedures using fluoroscopy.

Due to the use of fluoroscopy in the operating room, Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs) frequently are exposed to the dangers of radiation emitted during surgical procedures using fluoroscopy. The purposes of this research were to determine the level of radiation exposure of the CRNA during fluoroscopic procedures in the operating room and to determine whether these levels are within the limits of maximum permissible dose equivalents published in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). This research was conducted in an operating room specifically designated for urological procedures using fluoroscopy. A stationary dosimeter was used to measure radiation exposure. The dosimeter was exchanged monthly for 6 months. Data from this study confirmed that the total radiation exposure was above the limit set by the CFR for whole body radiation exposure, thus exposing the thyroid, which is typically unprotected. The data from this study also supported earlier works that suggested that the radiation to the lens of the eye is of little concern since the exposure rarely exceeds the dose limits set by the CFR.

Certification↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The topological method of analysis of ground contamination of former nuclear test sites].

The method of topological description of former nuclear tests in demonstrated in this paper. The information about the field is extracted from the topology of 2D crossections of 3D surfaces constructed on experimental data. The complexity of izolines' system for each cross section in estimated by algebraic sum of contours bounded the areas where the field is higher then the given level. That gives a possibility to do morphological analysis of radionuclide fields using archive data and can be used for ecological diagnosis of different contaminations. The using of this method is shown on some examples.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

[Radiation exposure of the dentist].

The radiation dosis per person undergoing dental treatment measured at the trunk is rather considerable, though not alarming. However, the number of people whose hands has been exposed to radiation as well as the individual extent of exposure were unexpectedly high. The radiation dosis measured at the hands was about 100 times bigger than the radiation dosis determined at the trunk for the whole body. Although these results may be very impressive, it should be borne in mind that the data on which the investigation was based date from 1967/68 and may no longer be fully applicable to the present situation. Whether and to what extent this assumption is justified ought to found out by control studies regarding radiation dosis per person and Röpak programs which are presently being started and whose results will be discussed in this journal.

Dentists↗
PubMed1999

Protection for nurses during radiotherapy.

Sealed sources of radiation usually take the form of a metal wire implanted locally. These are removed intact and result in little or no residual radioactivity in the patient. An unsealed source of radiation is distributed around the patient's body and radiation will be excreted in the urine, saliva and sweat. Nurses must follow local guidelines to protect themselves from radiation.

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice↗