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At least 1,189 records · Page 66Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Application of artificial neural networks to eating disorders.

An experimental application of Artificial Neural Networks to Eating Disorders is presented. The sample, composed of 172 cases (all women) collected at the Centre for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Eating Disorders of the 1st Medical Division of the St. Eugenio Hospital of Rome, was subdivided, on the basis of the diagnosis made by the specialist of the St. Eugenio, into four classes: Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Nervous Bulimia (NB), Binge Eating Disorders (BED) and Psychogenic Eating Disorders that are Not Otherwise Specified (PED-NOS). The data base was composed of 124 different variables: generic information, alimentary behavior, eventual treatment and hospitalization, substance use, menstrual cycles, weight and height, hematochemical and instrumental examinations, psychodiagnostic tests, etc. The goal of this experiment was to verify the accuracy of the Neural Networks in recognising anorexic and bulimic patients. This article describes 6 experiments, using a Feed Forward Neural Network, each one using different variables. Starting from only the generic variables (life styles, family environment, etc.) and hematoclinical and instrumental examinations, a Neural Networks provided 86.94% of the prediction precision. This work is meant to be a first contribution to creating diagnostic procedures for Eating Disorders, that would be simple and easy-to-use by professionals who are neither psychologists nor psychiatrists nor psychotherapists but who are, however, among the first to meet these patients and who are therefore called upon to give such patients the very first pieces of advice on seeking proper treatment.

Anorexia Nervosa↗
PubMed1995

Medical resources on the Internet.

Advances in telecommunications technology in the last decade have fostered the development of computer networks that allow access to vast amounts of information and services. Of the many computer networks that have been developed, the most prominent is the Internet. Originally intended to be a way to share computing resources among academic and research institutions in the United States, the Internet has gradually evolved into a worldwide network of computers that provides various services reflecting the eclectic nature of its component networks. The recent upsurge in interest in the Internet is due to several mutually reinforcing factors: increased ease and availability of access to the Internet, lower access charges, faster communications, and more organizations offering commercial and noncommercial services over the Internet. Of particular interest to the medical community is the large and increasing number of technical, scientific, and biomedical resources that can be accessed through the Internet. Most large medical centers have publicly accessible information, and some large organizations, such as the National Institutes of Health, have extensive databases and services that can be used by medical researchers, clinicians, and educators. In addition, many medical organizations and some medical journals are advertising their services over the Internet and can be contacted through electronic mail. As the cost of telecommunications decreases and the speed of telecommunications increases, new forms of computer communication, such as long-distance, real-time audio, and video services will become available. Computer networks in general and the Internet in particular are likely to play more important roles in many aspects of medicine in the future.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The marriage of medicine and computers.

Although computers, in one form or another have been around for several decades, they have only recently acquired the power, the simplicity of operation, and the cost-effectiveness to make their widespread application in health care a reality. But a reality it is, and no manager can be successful without a working understanding of how computers and information technology mesh with the information needs of health care delivery. Computer literacy is no longer a nice add-on--it is a basic weapon in every health care professional's armamentarium.

Attitude to Computers↗
PubMed1994

Innovation review: Iliad--a medical diagnostic support program.

An expert diagnostic system, iliad, can prove useful to a health care provider as a personal consultant. iliad can suggest relevant diagnoses, give advice regarding cost-effective workup strategies, and explain relationships of findings to diseases. Engineering medical knowledge to perform such tasks is now possible with the help of a personal computer, providing every physician's office with a new and exciting way to learn and practice medicine.

Clinical Clerkship↗
PubMed1994

Using Videotex in public health in Belgium.

In public health, access to information is more and more felt to be an urgent need. In this matter Videotex has shown to be a good working tool, though its utilisation in Belgium is not widespread yet. The Institute for Hygiene and Epidemiology has implemented EPITEL, a databank allowing for consultation of data on health and environment. The rationale for the choice of Videotex as a consulting tool is analysed here. Though very user-friendly, its high technicality allows for certain applications to function in real time mode, generate graphics, or even to consult an expert system, as the one used in the application on immunisations. In this way Videotex can also be a helpful tool in primary prevention, besides its data consulting function. This demonstration will present the five applications: health and travelling, health indicators, allergenic pollen, biological quality of the swimming waters at the coast, air pollution data. It shortly presents the hardware and software supporting the system, as well as a few results of a two-year experience running the system. Some shortcomings of the actual system may be highlighted, and possible evolutions might be discussed.

Belgium↗
PubMed1997

Health Cards '97.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1997

VATAM: developing consensus in validation of health telematics applications.

VATAM (Validation of Telematics Applications in Medicine) is an EU supported project in the Health care sector of the Telematics Application Programme. Its objective is to assist other health telematics projects by providing a platform for discussion on validation, eventually resulting in 'guidelines for validation of telematics applications in medicine'. The VATAM work can be subdivided into three phases: the inventory phase (1996) in which information is collected on validation approaches in the Telematics Application Programme, previous efforts and expertise. The dissemination phase (1997) will be used to extend and adapt the framework developed in the inventory phase, through cooperation with other projects The experiences phase (1998) in which the projects are actually applying validation, will be used by VATAM to validate the VATAM methodology. VATAM has finished the inventory phase successfully and is now working on the dissemination phase by--among others--establishing contacts with other projects, and providing information on the inventory through the World Wide Web (URL: http:(/)/www-vatam.unimaas.nl). This paper discusses the approach adopted and the proposed VATAM framework to structure the large variety of validation approaches.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1998

Communication technologies and applications in a medical environment.

As we move into the next millennium, we anticipate a rapid introduction of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) into the medical environment. In applying these technologies in Health Care Environments, the basic goals are to improve: (a) the collaboration between the different partners in the health sector, (b) the access to care and (c) the medical education, and to enhance overall quality (by increasing the availability of some applications, improve the quality of others and facilitate some completely new ones), and all these at affordable cost. This requires close interaction between health care practitioners and information technologists to ensure that the proposed technologies satisfy current user's needs, and anticipate future. The public awareness and the acceptance of the new medical environments by the users are key factors for successful implementations.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2000

Design and use of clinical ontologies: curricular goals for the education of health-telematics professionals.

In computer science, the notion of a domain ontology--a formal specification of the concepts and of the relationships among concepts that characterize an application are a--has received considerable attention. In human-computer interaction, ontologies play a key role in defining the terms with which users and computer systems communicate. Such ontologies either implicitly or explicitly drive all dialogs between the computer and the user. In the construction of health-telematics applications, professionals need to understand how to design and apply domain ontologies to ensure effective communication with end-users. We currently are revising our training program in Medical Information Sciences at Stanford University to teach professional students in health telematics how to develop effective domain ontologies. Instruction concerning the construction and application of clinical domain ontologies should become an integral component of all health telematics curricula.

Attitude to Computers↗