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PubMed1987

An immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study of a central venous hemangioma of the mandible.

To date, 96 cases of central hemangiomas of the jawbones have been described in the literature. Of these cases, the mandible has been more affected than the maxilla, while approximately 50% of all cases occur in the first and second decades of life. Histopathologically, cavernous and capillary types are often found, in contrast to the central venous type, which is rare. We have recently treated a 44-year-old man, who was found to have a central venous hemangioma in his mandible. Immunohistochemical studies were performed using factor-VIII-related antigen as well as various lectins as markers for tumor endothelial cells. Our results showed that four kinds of lectins (UEA-I, PNA, ConA, and DBA) were useful for the marker as factor-VIII-related antigen. Scanning electron microscopic findings of this tumor demonstrated that the lumina of the blood vessels were more rough, while the lining endothelial cells were more irregular when compared with those of the normal vascular system.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Intraosseous lymphangiomas of the mandible.

Central lymphangioma of bone is a rare entity which has not previously been reported in the English language literature as occurring in the mandible. Two cases of intraosseous lymphangioma of the mandible from the files of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology are presented. While these lesions have clinical and radiographic features similar to hemangioma of bone, they do not pose the surgical hemorrhage control problems of hemangiomas. Solitary lymphangioma of bone may share similar histologic features with the disease entities systemic cystic angiomatosis and massive osteolysis. These latter two entities may cause complicated clinical management problems; curettage, however, is adequate therapy for solitary, localized lymphangioma of bone.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Osteosynthesis after sagittal division of the mandible. Biomechanical stability of various methods in a pig mandibular model].

Forty years after the introduction of sagittal split osteotomy for transposition of the mandible according to Obwegeser, very different procedures for osteosynthesis are still discussed and practised. In a simple biomechanical model in the porcine mandible, five different methods for osteosynthesis using metallic screws (titanium, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy) and one using a polymer screw (polylactic acid-copolymer blend), as well as the use of miniplates, were studied with regard to the stability of the compound. The Kruskal-Wallis H-test (variance analysis by ranks) showed statistically highly significant differences (P = 0.00017) regarding maximum stability. Osteosynthesis by miniplates was very stable with regard to the maximum load (Fmax = 234 N +/- 47), but not so in terms of three-dimensional stability of the osteosynthesis itself. The highest stability of osteosynthesis with screws only (Fmax = 183 N +/- 65) was found for a 2.7-mm titanium screw in triangular geometry. The use of 2.7-mm cobalt-chromium-molybdenum screws (Fmax = 173 N +/- 42) and 3.5-mm titanium screws (Fmax = 160 N +/- 76) did not make an statistical difference (P = 0.37). The mechanical values of 2.0-mm titanium screws in linear (Fmax = 113 N +/- 37) or triangular (Fmax = 136 N +/- 62) geometry and of 3.5-mm polylactic acid-copolymer blend screws (Fmax = 121 N +/- 33) did not differ statistically from each other (P = 0.75) but they did from the previous group (P = 0.019). In consideration of the low biting forces following sagittal split osteotomy, all tested procedures of osteosynthesis meet the mechanical requirements for clinical practice.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

MRI and CT of a haemangioma of the mandible in Kasabach-Merritt syndrome.

Since the description in 1940 of Kasabach-Merritt syndrome (KMS) in patients with capillary haemangiomas, several other vascular tumours have been recognised as possible causes of this coagulopathy. The literature suggests a specific histological pattern of vascular tumours responsible for KMS, excluding capillary haemangioma [1]. There is an extensive literature on, haemangiomas accompanied by thrombocytopenia, and imaging of thrombosis in the lesion, especially cavernous haemangioma of the liver. However, no report has described a haemangioma of the mandible in the acute stage of the coagulopathy, or serial examinations of such a lesion. We report the features of a mandible lesion with KMS and discusses the interpretations of the changes observed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2005

Computed tomography angiography versus digital subtraction angiography in vascular mapping for planning of microsurgical reconstruction of the mandible.

The aim of this work was to compare the potential of computed tomography angiography (CTA) with that of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in vascular mapping of the external carotid artery (ECA) branches for planning of microvascular reconstructions of the mandible with osteomyocutaneous flaps. In 15 patients CTA and DSA were performed prior to surgery. Selective common carotid angiograms were acquired in two projection for both sides of the neck. Sixteen-slice spiral computed tomography was performed with a dual-phase protocol, using the arterial phase images for 3D CTA reconstruction. Thin-slab maximum intensity projections and volume rendering were employed for postprocessing of CTA data. The detectability of the different ECA branches in CTA and DSA was evaluated by two examiners. No statistically significant differences between CTA and DSA (p=0.097) were found for identifying branches relevant for microsurgery. DSA was superior to CTA if more peripheral ECA branches were included (P=0.030). CTA proved to be a promising alternative to DSA in vascular mapping for planning of microvascular reconstruction of the mandible.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗
PubMed2001

[Fractures of the edentulous atrophic mandible. Fracture management and complications].

BACKGROUND: With increasing atrophy, fractures of the edentulous mandible tend to have a higher incidence of nonunion. However, the connection between disturbances of bony consolidation and inadequate primary stability is often insufficiently discussed. FIXATION: Rigid internal fixation with 2.7 or now 2.4 AO compression and reconstruction plates is a safe procedure to achieve short-term rehabilitation in the mostly elderly patients by ensuring immediate function without intermaxillary fixation. With increasing atrophy, our concept suggests the use of stronger plates and fixation of screws in safe bony regions far from the fracture site. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: This study reports the results of treatment of 40 fractures of the edentulous mandible in 25 patients from 1979 until 1996: 38 fractures (95%) showed primary healing, and only 1 nonunion was revealed after fracture of the plate. The criteria for choice of plates are discussed as well as fracture exposure and the question of primary and secondary bone grafting.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Periosteal benign osteoblastoma of the mandible. Report of a case and review of the literature pertaining to benign osteoblastic neoplasms of the jaws.

A case of periosteal benign osteoblastoma arising in the mandible of a Caucasion male aged 9 years is presented. A review of the literature has produced 24 additional benign osteoblastic neoplasms of the jaws which have been delineated as osteoblastoma or osteoid osteoma. There seems to be a predilection for these lesions to occur in males and in the mandible. Osteoblastomata occur most frequently in patients under 20 years of age whereas osteoid osteomata arise mainly in persons over 25 years of age.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Dermoid cyst of the mandible.

A mid-line cyst of the mandible is described which possessed the histological features of a dermoid cyst. This appears to be the first fully documented example of a totally intra-osseous dermoid cyst in the mandible. The pathogenesis of the present lesion is discussed in relation to both the odontogenic and the non-odontogenic cysts that may occur in the mandibular mid-line.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Anterior salivary gland inclusion in the mandible: pathological entity or anatomical variant?

A case of anterior salivary gland inclusion of the mandible is reported and the literature reviewed. It is suggested that these inclusions arise in the same way as the more common examples from the angle of the mandible, by progressive resorption of the lingual cortex in response to pressure exerted by the adjacent salivary glands. It is likely that these lesions become evident on radiographs only when the resorption is marked, and they may, therefore, be more widespread than reported figures indicate. Supportive evidence for this hypothesis is provided by the observations that the lesions usually present in middle age and, on histological examination, exhibit evidence of resorption.

Bone Resorption↗
PubMed1994

Use of complete dentures to stabilize a segmentally resected mandible: a clinical report.

Although edentulous patients with a midline segmental resection of the mandible can rarely be treated prosthodontically, this patient's dental condition was managed with some success. This success may be related to preservation of the floor of the mouth with graft. By maximum extension of the denture borders and an interlocking occlusion, a mutual stabilization of the residual segments and the denture was achieved in the static condition, which improved swallowing, control of drooling, and self-esteem. Because of the independent muscle function of each side of the mandible, mastication could not be restored adequately.

Chin↗
PubMed1976

Metastatic neuroblastoma in the mandible. Report of a case.

The case reported here is that of a metastatic neuroblastoma of the mandible in a 5-year-old boy. This kind of metastasis in the mandible is very rare. Osteolytic jaw defects and unexplainable looseness of the deciduous molars in children should induce a thorough examination with the possibility of a metastatic malignoma in mind. A summary of the literature and prognosis of these tumors has been given.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1976

Bilateral eosinophilic granuloma of the mandible.

A case of extensive bilateral eosinophilic granuloma of the mandible has been reported. The pertinent clinical features have been emphasized and difficulties in diagnosis have been discussed. The case highlights the problem that faces the surgeon and pathologist when there is a superimposed chronic osteomyelitis. If the lesion had been limited to the left side of the mandible and if the possibility of eosinophilic granuloma had not been raised on histologic grounds at the time of original exploration, then a correct diagnosis might not have been reached.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Desmoplastic fibroma of bone. A case in the mandible.

A case of desmoplastic fibroma of the mandible in a 25-year-old white man, expanding from the first molar to the ramus, is presented. This is a rare primary central neoplasm. It grows expansively and may destroy the cortex. Few cases in the mandible have been reported. Its diagnosis is important because the experience reported by different authors has shown the tendency for recurrence when treatment consists of less than radical resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Bacteriologic and serologic investigation in diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis (DSO) of the mandible.

An attempt was made to clarify the obscure origin of diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis (DSO) of the mandible. Bacteriologic investigations of specimens from diseased mandibles were performed with special attention to anaerobic culture technique. Propionibacterium acnes and Peptostreptococcus intermedius were in some patients found to be of etiologic importance. Sampling techniques and associated problems are discussed. An examination was made for antibodies in the patients' sera against antigens prepared from bacterial isolates. ASTA, IgM, IgG, and IgA were determined. Lymphocyte-stimulation tests were performed. The inflammatory events and chronicity of the disease could not be explained by the immunologic findings.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1985

Atypical central neurilemmoma of the mandible.

Neurilemmomas arising within the jawbones are rare. Most occur in the mandible as slowly growing enlargements that may or may not be painful; radiographically, they are large single or multiloculated radiolucencies mimicking other benign jaw lesions. The histology is characteristic, with Antoni A and B tissues and a well-defined capsule. This article reports an unencapsulated neurilemmoma of the mandible and reviews and summarizes the features of the central neurilemmomas in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Osteogenic sarcoma of the maxilla and mandible.

Osteogenic sarcoma of the maxilla and mandible is a peculiar entity within the context of the malignant bone tumors of other sites. In our series of nine cases the mean age at appearance was 34.1 years; 44.5% of the tumors affected the maxilla, and 55.5% affected the mandible. Most of the tumors were principally rapidly growing and painless or minimally painful masses. Histopathologically, the fibroblastic type was the most frequent, with prevalence of Broders' Grades III and IV. Radical surgery was the only therapeutic procedure in 87.5% of the series, producing a survival of 85%. Overall survival for all the therapeutic categories was 75%, with a mean disease-free interval of 8 years. In the remaining cases, local recurrence and intracranial invasion were the main causes of death.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Ganglioneuroma of the mandible.

This article reports a very rare case of ganglioneuroma within the mandible. The patient, 15 years of age at first diagnosis, has now had 17 years of followup and remains generally healthy, despite the continued presence of the tumor. Possible origin of the lesion, histologic differentiation of this tumor from normal ganglia, and recommendations for management are discussed. Two reported cases of ganglioneuroma that occurred centrally in the mandible are also reviewed.

Adolescent↗