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At least 1,189 records · Page 66Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Transurethral resection of the prostate (turp syndrome), myth or reality? Analytic studies using a radioactive isotope method (author's transl)].

It is accepted that the laboratory and clinical so-called "transurethral resection syndrome" reflects passage into the body of a large fraction of the water used to perfuse the field of endoscopic resection. The major complete syndrome (dyspnoea, nausea, hypertension, raised central venous pressure, bradycardia then pulmonary oedema, cerebral oedema, cardiovascular shock and renal insufficiency) is rare: 1.5 per cent of cases of transurethral resection of the prostate in the literature, 0.6% in a series of the last 300 resections performed by the authors (2/300). Also was it not possible to hope for a complete physiological study of sufferers from this complication. Nevertheless, it may be considered that all transurethral resections of the prostate may be associated with similar movements of water to a minimal extent. In order to attempt to demonstrate this, the authors studied in a series of 19 patients pre- and postoperative blood volumes by a radio-immunological technique using pre- and postoperative serum albumin haematocrits. In this short series, patients who had undergone a short endoscopic resection (35 minutes on average) of a small adenoma (13 grams on average) with a mean irrigation of 10 litres of water rendered isotonic by the addition of glycocolle, without any transfusion or infusion being necessary during the course of the resection, the conclusion was simple: no variation in blood volume was demonstrated. Is the physiopathological hypothesis advanced to explain this phenomenon false? And is the problem in fact one of peroperative septicaemia?

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

[Assessment of left ventricular regional function by means of radioactive isotopes (author's transl)].

Extensive analysis of heart function by scintigraphy yields global parameters of ventricular volumes and their changes during the heart cycle (ejection fraction, enddiastolic and endsystolic volumes, velocity of contraction and relaxation). Additionally, information regarding localized disorders of wall motion may be obtained in a qualitative and quantitative manner by the parameters "phase" and "amplitude". These parameters can be computed from regional time-activity curves by Fourier analysis. The radionuclide ventriculogram at rest is suitable for the detection and follow-up of asynergies caused by acute and chronic infarction. In can also be used as a method of distinguishing between reversible and irreversible asynergy by therapeutical intervention (intervention ventriculography). Abnormalities of regional wall motion which develop during exercise may indicate hemodynamically relevant coronary artery stenoses.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1993

[Local joint treatment in chronic polyarthritis: intra-articular corticosteroids and radioactive isotopes].

Intrasynovial injection of corticosteroids is currently one of the routine measures in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Crystalline corticosteroid suspensions have proved their value and are effective for approximately one to three weeks. One or two injections can control synovitis for prolonged periods of time. Special attention has to be given to impeccable technique of instillation. However, it must be kept in mind that, within the overall management of rheumatoid arthritis, the intra-articular injection of corticosteroids is a local, palliative and temporary measure. The intrasynovial instillation of radionuclides is used only in selected cases. Therapy of the knee joint is mainly performed with Yttrium-90, less frequently, the interphalangeal joints are treated with Erbium-169. Costs and radiation exposure are low, but a favourable result is only achieved in slightly more than 50 per cent of cases. This review provides a synopsis of the basic concepts and practical applications of intrasynovial corticosteroid and radioisotope injection therapy.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of algisorb on the level of the accumulation of zirconium, ruthenium, iodine and cesium radioactive isotopes in the body of rats].

The sorption effect of Algisorbum has been studied in rats following single and multiple intragastric administration. Algisorbum doses of 250-2000 mg/kg decrease the absorption of 106Ru and 95Zr by 50%, that of 137Cs by 15% and have no effect on 131I absorption. Application of a complex of agents to protect the body from nuclear fission products is discussed.

Alginates↗
PubMed1976

[Use of radioactive isotopes in the diagnosis of pulmonary tumors. Analysis of the results of 18 anatomically verified cases].

18 cases of anatomically verified lung cancer were studied scintigraphically with microspheres of human albumin labelled with 99Tc, mercury bichloride (197Hg) and citrate of gallium (67Ga), to assess the diagnostic value of this technique. Using albumin microspheres, changes in the scintigraphic picture were obtained in 100% of cases, but inferior results were obtained with the two other tracers (gallium 75% and mercury bichloride 58.8%). The poor specificity of scintigraphy with albumin, which was changed in numerous non-neoplastic pathologies, removes all significance from this apparently brilliant result. From an overall assessment of all three scintigraphies, no increase in positivity percentages is obtained; the agreement of all three with respect to the neoplastic nature of the condition is however very good. Although possible conclusions are less favourable than those reported by other workers, the investigation with radioisotopes plays an important rôle in the diagnosis of lung tumours, in view also of its harmlessness and tolerability, although it is not enough on its own for diagnosis. Large series and constant anatomical and histological monitoring are needed before any definitive assessment can be attempted of the diagnostic value of this method.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Surfactant phosphatidylcholine half-life and pool size measurements in premature baboons developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Because minimal information is available about surfactant metabolism in bronchopulmonary dysplasia, we measured half-lives and pool sizes of surfactant phosphatidylcholine in very preterm baboons recovering from respiratory distress syndrome and developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia, using stable isotopes, radioactive isotopes, and direct pool size measurements. Eight ventilated premature baboons received (2)H-DPPC (dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine) on d 5 of life, and radioactive (14)C-DPPC with a treatment dose of surfactant on d 8. After 14 d, lung pool sizes of saturated phosphatidylcholine were measured. Half-life of (2)H-DPPC (d 5) in tracheal aspirates was 28 +/- 4 h (mean +/- SEM). Half-life of radioactive DPPC (d 8) was 35 +/- 4 h. Saturated phosphatidylcholine pool size measured with stable isotopes on d 5 was 129 +/- 14 micro mol/kg, and 123 +/- 11 micro mol/kg on d 14 at autopsy. Half-lives were comparable to those obtained at d 0 and d 6 in our previous baboon studies. We conclude that surfactant metabolism does not change during the early development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, more specifically, the metabolism of exogenous surfactant on d 8 is similar to that on the day of birth. Surfactant pool size is low at birth, increases after surfactant therapy, and is kept constant during the first 2 wk of life by endogenous surfactant synthesis. Measurements with stable isotopes are comparable to measurements with radioactive tracers and measurements at autopsy.

1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine↗