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Results for “INTESTINAL PARASITES”

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PubMed2001

Molecular cloning of a cystatin from parasitic intestinal nematode, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis.

A novel member of the cystatin family, nippocystatin (NbCys), was identified from excretory-secretory (ES)-products of a nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, and the cDNA was cloned and sequenced. The mRNA of NbCys was confirmed to be expressed in both larvae and adults of the parasite. NbCys was translated as a proform with a single domain for secretion and was detected as a 14-kDa mature form in ES-products of the adult worm. Recombinant protein of NbCys profoundly inhibited the activity of cysteine proteases such as cathepsin L and B, but not that of cathepsin D, an aspartic protease. Furthermore, the ES-products had also been confirmed to inhibit cysteine proteases. Taken together, NbCys may play a role in evasion of N. brasiliensis from host defense systems, since cysteine proteases are known to participate in immune systems of infected hosts.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1983

Intestinal parasites in a remote village in Nepal.

Stool samples for parasitological examination were collected in a remote area of western Nepal. Of 40 specimens collected, 36 were positive for parasites as determined by examination of direct wet mounts and trichrome smears. All but one of the positive specimens contained several parasite species, averaging four species per specimen. Four negative specimens were found in infants under 1 year of age. The parasitic burden in this population appeared to be high, and the prevalence of parasitic infection approached 100%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Epidemiology of an intestinal parasite (Spirometra spp.) in two populations of African lions (Panthera leo).

Infection with the cestode Spirometra spp. was studied in 2 populations of lions in the Serengeti and the Ngorongoro Crater in Tanzania, East Africa. These 2 lion populations lived in different habitats and were known to differ genetically: lions in the Serengeti were outbred, whereas lions in the Ngorongoro Crater were inbred. Faecal samples were collected from 112 individually known lions between March 1991 and November 1992. Over 60% of lions were infected and the median intensity of infection was 975 eggs per g of faeces. The distribution of egg counts was overdispersed. There was variability through time, though this was unrelated to seasons delimited by rainfall. There were no significant differences in levels of infection between age classes; cubs less than 9 months were already heavily infected. Sex and reproductive status did not have a significant effect. However, there were significant differences in intensities of infection between the Crater and the Serengeti populations--Spirometra spp. showed a higher level of infection intensity in the Crater population--with some variation between prides within these populations. Allozyme heterozygosity scores were available for a subset of 28 lions but were unrelated to levels of Spirometra infection. It was not possible to ascribe differences in levels of parasite infection to genetic rather than ecological factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of formalin-ethyl ether sedimentation, formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation, and zinc sulfate flotation techniques for detection of intestinal parasites.

Formalin-ethyl ether sedimentation, Formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation, and zinc sulfate flotation techniques were compared using over 250 clinical parasitology specimens. Fifty positive specimens were identified, and a variety of parasites, including amoebae, flagellates, cestodes, nematodes, and trematodes, were encountered. The Formalin-ether and Formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation procedures gave identical results for the detection of cysts, ova, and larvae, and these methods offered an advantage over the flotation procedure for the detection of selected ova. However, the zinc sulfate procedure was more effective for the detection of protozoan cysts, Hymenolepis nana, and hookworm eggs. The results indicate that the Formalin-ethyl acetate procedure provides a suitable alternative to the Formalin-ether method, and they demonstrate the value of using both flotation and sedimentation procedures in the analysis of fecal specimens for parasites.

Acetates↗