Fluoride uptake by enamel after immersion in 2 per cent sodium fluoride solution with iontophoresis.
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Weanling rats were administered 20, 380, and 20,000 ppm F as clear precipitatefree SnF2 solutions. Equivalent ppm F as NaF solution was similarly administered for comparison. The rats were autopsied at the end of the study for histological examination of kidney, liver, and incisors. The pathognomonic manifestations were correlated with the plasma F levels.
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We investigated diverse groups of fish species to determine whether the fluorine (F) contents of the dental hard tissues were related to baseline serum F levels. Serum samples, enameloid, dentin, ganoid/enamel, and bone were analyzed for F by either electron microprobe or wet chemistry. Species were categorized into two groups based on the F content of the enameloid. One group contained greater than 2.6 wt% F in enameloid, whereas the other group had less than 0.45 wt% F in enameloid. The dentin and bone from all species (or, in skates, the cartilage), as well as the ganoid/enamel layer of a Holostean fish (alligator gar), showed consistently low F content. In those species whose teeth developed in sequential rows, the F content of enameloid increased with progressive tooth development. The serum F levels of all fish were below 0.05 microgram F/mL (2.63 mumol/L) and were not significantly related to the F content of the enameloid. The results substantiate the idea that F incorporation into enameloid is related to fish phylogeny, not food or habitat. It is suggested that specialized outer dental epithelial cell configurations may facilitate the incorporation of F into enameloid.
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