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Results for “Dentistry, Operative”

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At least 1,189 records · Page 66Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Reduction of mercury vapour in a dental surgery.

A restricted survey in one dental practice has shown that a considerable reduction in contamination by mercury vapour can be achieved by the use of a fume cupboard. Failure to employ this added protection may have legal implications.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed2001

Conference report. Direct adhesive materials: current perceptions and evidence--future solutions.

This paper reports the proceedings, including the consensus views of an Australasian expert group convened to consider current perceptions, evidence and future solutions in the field of direct adhesive materials. This group, in anticipating a trend to preservative dentistry, formed the view that caries risk assessment should increasingly influence the selection of restorative materials. In low caries risk patients, aesthetic demands typically favour the use of resin-based composites. Interactive (biomimetic) materials based on glass-ionomer chemistry have particular application in high caries risk patients. Teaching in dental schools, continuing education programmes and research, both in the laboratory and in the clinical environment should be more attuned to the ever-increasing use of tooth-coloured restorative materials in everyday clinical practice. Linked to this trend are changes in patient--dentist relationships, whereby patients should be encouraged to become more involved in treatment decision-making. Expert group meetings are suggested to be of value in addressing some of the shortfall between the need for good evidence and the relentless challenge of the introduction of new products and concepts in the field of direct adhesive materials.

Child↗
PubMed2002

Current trends in restorative dentistry in the UK: a Delphi approach.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to obtain insight into current trends in restorative dentistry in the UK by means of a Delphi technique. METHODS: A panel of nine experts was convened to define areas where changes were thought to occur in contemporary restorative dentistry. The defining statements obtained were circulated amongst the Panel to reach consensus on the content and wording, and then formatted into a questionnaire which was distributed amongst 407 clinical academic staff in Restorative Dentistry in UK dental schools. Good agreement with a statement was defined as a score of > or =70%, statements that received such scores were taken as indicating possible trends. RESULTS: The Expert Panel reached consensus on the wording of 21 defining statements, which were formatted into a 23-item questionnaire. The questionnaire achieved a useable response rate of 70%, and the academic respondents reached good agreement on 15 (65%) of the statements. CONCLUSIONS: The 15 statements which received scores of 70% or greater were considered to be possible indicators of trends in aspects of the clinical practice of restorative dentistry in the UK.

Consensus↗
PubMed1998

Vapor emissions resulting from Nd:YAG laser interaction with tooth structure.

UNLABELLED: The Neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) dental laser has been cleared by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for marketing in intraoral soft tissue treatment. The efficacy and safety of the Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of hard dental tissue as well as the effects of dental irradiation on the pulp and periodontium have been investigated. Odors resulting from laser irradiation have been reported, but the nature and toxicity of associated decomposition vapors is unknown and the health consequences of their inhalation have not yet been studied. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this in vitro study was to identify vapors emitted during interaction of the Nd:YAG laser with carious human enamel and dentin and sound enamel and dentin coated with organic ink. METHODS: Vapor emissions were collected from prepared sections of extracted human teeth receiving laser irradiation of 100 mJ and 10 Hz for a duration of 1, 10, or 60 s. Emissions were collected by means of charcoal absorption tubes, and subsequently analyzed using a Gas Chromatograph equipped with Mass Selective (GC/MS) and Flame Ionization Detectors to identify the chemical constituents of the vapors. RESULTS: No compounds were identified in Nd:YAG laser-treated caries, enamel and dentin. No volatile vapors were identified from samples of tooth materials exposed to the laser for 1 or 10 s. Camphor was positively identified in the test sample which consisted of India ink-coated dentin and the reference sample of India ink-coated glass beads, both exposed to the laser for 60 s. 2,5-norbornadiene was tentatively identified in these samples. The Threshold Limit Value (TLV) of camphor is 2 ppm with a Lethal Dose Level (LDLo) of 50 mg/kg (human oral), while the TLV and LDLo of 2,5-norbornadiene is unknown. SIGNIFICANCE: Occupational and public health safety measures are discussed in this article. Further research is needed to quantify the compounds produced and to determine their toxicity to patients and to dental care providers.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗
PubMed1998

Dental surgery in horses.

Dental surgery is most often directed at removal of diseased or injured teeth by the least invasive method possible. Some procedures available can preserve traumatized or infected teeth. Complications of dental surgery are well documented and often encountered by veterinary surgeons. Principles of debridement, curettage, lavage and ventral drainage combined with appropriate medicinal management can reduce complications and lead to successful outcome after dental surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Complications of dental surgery.

Both retrospective data and clinical experience indicate that complications of dental surgery are occasionally encountered and, to some extent, are inevitable. Many of the reported complications related to dental surgery such as incomplete removal of diseased teeth or removal of the wrong tooth can be avoided with sound preoperative planning and intraoperative technique. Diseased teeth should be properly identified prior to and during surgery. In addition, complete removal of the diseased tooth must be performed. Use of intraoperative radiographic examination to confirm the location of the diseased tooth and to document its removal cannot be overemphasized. Iatrogenic fracture of the maxillary or mandibular alveolar walls or palatine bone can be avoided by proper placement of the dental punch. The chances of developing incisional drainage or secondary sinusitis can be reduced by use of appropriate systemic antibiotics. These factors should guide the surgical approach to dental surgery to reduce the likelihood of developing common complications.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Dental surgery.

Anatomy, physiology, and diseases of the teeth are presented. Signs of dental disease and techniques for oral and radiographic examination of the teeth are discussed. Surgical procedures described include extraction, repulsion, and endodontic therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Clinical and microbiological efficacy of single dose cefuroxime prophylaxis for dental surgical procedures.

In a prospective controlled randomised trial of 59 patients the effect of a single dose of cefuroxime before multiple tooth extractions on the clinical findings and occurrence of bacteraemia was studied. In one group 1.5 g cefuroxime was administered intravenously 10 min before start of surgery. A total of 118 blood samples were collected after 10 and 40 min. The cefuroxime group had a significantly lower rate of bacteraemia (33%) compared with the control group (86%). The predominant bacteria were gram-positive cocci. Fifty four different strains of bacteria were isolated, of which most were susceptible to cefuroxime. However seven strains which were susceptible to cefuroxime in vitro, were isolated from blood cultures of the treated group. Serum concentrations of cefuroxime ranged from 52.3 to 141.6 mg/l at 10 min and 32.6 to 91.8 mg/l at 40 min with a mean of 78.6 and 55.1 mg/l respectively. The only other factor which had a significant influence on the rate of bacteraemia was the number of extracted teeth. Oral hygiene and periodontal status did not significantly affect bacteraemia. There were no wound infections in any of the groups. During these dental interventions, sufficient plasma levels of antibiotic prevented bacteraemia. Selected patients might benefit from single-dose-prophylaxis with cefuroxime in preparation for dental surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Pulpal thermal responses to an erbium,chromium: YSGG pulsed laser hydrokinetic system.

PROBLEM: Laser systems are known to raise pulpal temperatures when applied to tooth surfaces. Dental biocalcified tissues can be cut with an erbium,chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser-powered hydrokinetic system. This device is effective for caries removal and cavity preparation in vitro. Pulpal monitoring of temperature changes during hard tissue cutting by a hydrokinetic system have not been reported. OBJECTIVES: This study compared the effects of hydrokinetic system, dry bur, and wet bur tooth cutting on pulpal temperature. STUDY DESIGN: In vivo thermocouple intrapulpal measurements were made on cuspid teeth in anesthetized beagle dogs. In vitro measurements were made on extracted human molar teeth preserved in high-salt solution and later rinsed in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) to simulate in vivo conditions. The hydrokinetic system was compared with conventional air-turbine-powered bur cutting. The hydrokinetic system cuts and bur preparations were randomly made on the buccal surfaces at the cervical one third of the crown and extended until exposure of the pulp was confirmed clinically. RESULTS: Pulpal temperatures associated with the hydrokinetic system either showed no change or decreased by up to 2 degrees C. Wet bur preparations resulted in a 3 degrees to 4 degrees C rise. With dry bur preparations, a 14 degrees C rise in temperature was recorded. CONCLUSIONS: Under the conditions of this study, the erbium,chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser-powered hydrokinetic system, when used for cavity preparation, had no apparent adverse thermal effect as measured in the pulp space.

Aluminum Silicates↗
PubMed2000

The value of extended-setting-time amalgam in pre-clinical practice in undergraduate dental training.

This is a single-blind controlled study investigating the advantages of extended-setting time dental amalgam compared to a standard amalgam in the training of undergraduate dental students. 50 dental students were randomly assigned 1 of the 2 alloys for each restoration placed in the study. Each student placed class I and class II restorations in extracted human teeth mounted in typodont arches. 449 completed restorations were available for assessment, 228 restorations in the experimental group and 221 restorations in the control group. The test restorations were overall marginally inferior to those of the control group. There appears to be no advantage in using extended-setting time dental amalgam in undergraduate training.

Dental Amalgam↗
PubMed2000

Students' perceptions of seminar and lecture-based teaching in restorative dentistry.

In an era of self-directed learning, it is important to seek the views of dental students regarding their learning experience. Using an anonymous questionnaire, clinical dental students' perceptions of seminar and lecture-based teaching in restorative dentistry were sought. 116 of 136 questionnaires circulated were returned for analysis giving a response rate of 85%. Clinical seminars as opposed to lectures were, in the opinion of the students, a more effective way of learning, more relevant to self-development and more interactive. Seminar-based learning was considered to be more amenable to self-direction than formal didactic lectures. It is concluded that the students included in this study were found to prefer seminar-based learning opportunities as opposed to more traditional styles of learning, specifically, didactic lectures.

Attitude↗